Chapter 1
Leading a Healthy Life
Section One
 Health
and Teens
Health Today (DWT)

What does being healthy mean to you?

Does it mean:
Being physically fit?
 Free from disease?
 Eating nutritious food?

Health in the past

In 1800s-1900s leading cause of death
was “infectious diseases”

Infectious disease are passed from one
person to another (bacteria).
Examples

Polio

Tuberculosis

Pneumonia

Influenza (The flu)

Advancements in
Medicine
 Better living conditions

have helped control these diseases.
“Lifestyle Diseases”

Today, most health problems are a direct
reflection of how we live our lives.

Caused by partly by unhealthy behaviors and
other factors.

Examples are diabetes, heart disease, cancer
(some types)
Health Risk Factors

All health problems have risk factors

A risk factor is anything that increases the
likelihood of injury, disease, or other health
problems.

Risk factors are considered controllable or
uncontrollable.
Risk factors of heart disease
History of heart disease in your family
 High-fat diet
 Stress
 Being overweight
 Smoking
 Lack of daily exercise

Controllable risk factors

Risk factors that you can do something
about.
Uncontrollable Risk factors

Some risk factors cannot be controlled by
your behavior
Examples include:
 Age
 Race
 Gender
 Heredity

Risk factors and your health

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Leading causes of death for teens in the U.S.A.
Motor vehicle accidents
Homicide
Suicide
Other accidents
These 4 make up almost ¾ of all teen death
(MVA) are #1 cause of death for children and
infants.

The leading cause of death for adults
between 19-65 years of age is “cancer”

The leading cause of death for adults over
65 years of age is heart disease.
Health Risk Behaviors

There are six types of risk behaviors that cause
the most serious health problems

Sedentary lifestyle
Alcohol and other drug use
Sexual activity
Behaviors that cause injuries
Tobacco use
Poor eating habits
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Sedentary lifestyle

Not taking part in some form of physical
activity on a regular basis.

You do not have to be overweight to live a
sedentary lifestyle

Sedentary people raise the risk of heart
disease and diabetes.
Alcohol and other drug use

can lead to liver disease, types of cancer,
heart disease, and brain damage.

They are also major factors in car
accidents, physical fights, depression,
suicide, and mental disorders.

Also big factors in the spread of sexually
transmitted diseases (STD’s)
What are STD’s

Diseases spread through sexual activity.
Examples
 Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
(AIDS)
 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Sexual activity

Risk behaviors include:
Sexually transmitted diseases
 Unplanned pregnancy

Behaviors that cause injuries

Can be eliminated, if you decrease the
controllable risk factors
Examples:
 Wear helmets on all ATV vehicles
 Wear seatbelts while in cars
 Do not drink and drive

Tobacco use

Smoking is the single leading preventable
cause of death in the U.S.A.

It is a controllable risk factor for heart
disease, cancer, and respiratory disease.

These are 3 of the leading causes of death for
all age groups.
Poor eating habits

Can increase you chances of developing
many diseases.

Eating foods high in fat increase your risk
of heart disease, cancer, and stroke

You should refer to a food guide pyramid
for a recommended daily dosage of food.
Section 2
 Health
and Wellness
Six components of health
 To
be truly “healthy” you must take
care of all 6 components.
Physical Health

Physical health refers to the way your
body functions

People with good physical health:
Eat a well-balanced diet
 Exercise regularly
 Avoids tobacco, alcohol, and drugs
 Is free of disease

Emotional Health

Expressing your emotions in a positive,
nondestructive way.

People with strong emotional health can:
Express emotions constructively
 Ask for help when sad

Social Health

The quality of your relationships with
friends, family, teachers, and others you
are in contact with on a daily basis.

People with strong social health:
Respects others
 Has supportive relationships
 Expresses needs to others

Mental Health

Is the ability to recognize reality and cope
with the demands of daily life

People with strong mental health are:
Free from mental illnesses
 Have high self esteem
 Enjoys trying new things

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An example of a mental illness is a phobia.

A phobia is an irrational and excessive fear of
something.

Examples
Fear of closed areas
Fear of heights
Fear of germs etc…..
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Spiritual Health
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Maintaining harmonious relationships with
other living things and having spiritual
direction and purpose.

People with good spiritual health:
Has a sense of purpose in life
 Follows morals and values
 Feels a unity with other human beings

Environmental Health

Keeping your air and water clean, your
food safe, and the land around you
enjoyable and safe.
People with strong environmental health:
has access to clean air and water
has a clean and uncrowded living space
recycles used paper, glass products, and
aluminum.
Healthy?

Being “healthy is defined as balance of all
the components of health

Wellness is the achievement of a person’s
best in all six components of health.

Well fluctuates on a daily basis.
The wellness continuum

Represents the idea that a person is
neither completely healthy nor completely
unhealthy.

The higher you reach on the wellness
continuum, the greater chance you have to
reach optimal health.
example

Optimal health

Improved Health

Average Health

Illness

Death
Influences on your wellness

Factors that can influence your wellness
are:
Hereditary Influences
 Social Influences
 Cultural Influences
 Environmental Influences

Hereditary Influences

The traits you inherit from your parents.

These influences are uncontrollable, but
not 100 % guarantee you will get them.

You can help focusing on controllable risk
factors.
Social Influences

Influenced by the relationships you have
with other people (friends)
Cultural influences

Values, beliefs, and practices shared by
people that have a common background.
Environmental Influences

Your surroundings, the area where you
live, and all the things you have contact
with are part of your environment.
Taking charge of your wellness

Three ways you can take charge of your
health are:
Knowledge
 Through your lifestyle
 Through your attitude.

knowledge

Health literacy: knowledge of health
information needed to make good choices
about your health.

How do you increase your health literacy?
Health classes in school settings
 Research health information
 Read Journals on health related topics.

Lifestyle

Now you have acquired knowledge on health
issues; therefore, it is time to put it to use, this is
known as lifestyle

Example:
You research that eating healthier can decrease
obesity and cardiovascular disease, so next time
you go to the store, you do not purchase items
that are “unhealthy”


“ Health knowledge is useless without
positive health behavior. You must put
what you know into action for it to work”!!!!
Section 3

Health in your community
Public Health

Is the practice of protecting and improving
the health of people in a community.
4 ways
 Medical advances
 Technology
 Public policy
 education

Medical advances

Is conducted through research.

Example is the insulin pump, which is commonly used
with diabetes patients

Implanted insulin pumps replace daily insulin shots,
which are mandatory for the survival of diabetes
patients.

If blood sugar level gets low, insulin pumps
automatically pumps insulin in the body to regulate
the blood sugar level.
Technology

Through computers, lasers, and other
revolutionary technologies.

Ex: glucose meter (diabetes patients)

Drop some blood on the meter and it reads
the amount of glucose in your body and
automatically supplies that number back to
you.
Public Policy

“government policies” to address health
problems

Example: tobacco regulation

The government can place taxes on
cigarettes, age limits for purchasing,
advertisement restrictions, and limitations on
public smoking facilities.
Education

“health education” has been a key factor in the
prevention of disease and illness in this country.

Example: most states require students to participate
in a health education class, while they are in high
school

These classes teach you about heath promotion,
health awareness, and health prevention.
End of Chapter 1
Congrats!!!!