Common Eye Disease
DR ARUNDHATI KALE SIDHAYE
MBBS, DO MS, DNB, FICO (Germany)
University Eye Hospital, Essen. GERMANY
General and Pediatric Eye Surgeon
Consultant - Sahyadri Hospital, Deccan.
Oyster and Pearl Hospital, Shivaji Nagar .
VISION EYE CLINIC
Ground fl, Nilayam society, Opp. Kinara hotel, Paud rd, Kothrud, PUNE.
www. eyeclinicpune.com
Common Eye Disease
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Refractive errors like nearsightedness and
farsightedness, astigmatism, presbyopia
Allergies to dust, pollution gases, pollen etc.
Infection of eye lids like stye, chalazion
Squint
Cataract
Glaucoma
Tumors
Age related macular degeneration
Diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy
Optic nerve related disease
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A visit to a ophthalmologist is recommended
once a year and if symptoms enlisted
below are present then immediate visit is
required.
symptoms
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Headache
Blurring of near or distance vision
Watering from eyes, swelling
Itching, redness, irritation.
Twitching, fatigue
Eye pain or pain deep in the socket
Floaters (dots or web)
Double vision, problem in night vision.
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Refractive errors
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Myopia- Rays from the distant object comes to a focus
in front of retina.
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Hypermetropia -Rays from the object comes to a focus
behind the retina.
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Astigmatism -It is the refractive error in which the
focusing of rays from far object is not the same in the
different meridians of the refracting system of the eye.
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Presbyopia- Physiological condition when the
accommodative power of the normal lens become less.
Treatment
Refractive error can be corrected by
 Spectacles
 Contact
 LASIK
lenses
Allergies
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These are caused due to dust, increasing
pollution , toxic gases.
These allergies might be seasonal e.g summer
(dust) or spring season (pollen grains).
Symptoms- redness, itching, watering, swelling
of eyelids or lid margins.
Treatment is antiallergic eye drops and steroid
eye drops.
Prevention of allergens .
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Infections
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Stye is infection of hair follicle on eyelids. This causes
swelling and pain on lid margins
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Chalazion is pea like swelling on the lids, this is due to
chronic inflammation of mebomian glands of the
eyelids.
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Blephritis is chronic inflammation of eyelid margins
leading to dryness and flaking. This gives rise to itching
of eyes, lid margins and corner of eyes. Redness and
dryness of eyes causes discomfort.
Infection
Conjunctivitis - Bacterial, viral and allergic.
Keratitis - Infection of cornea. Sometimes leads to
ulcer formation.
Uveitis- inflammation and infection of inner layers
of eye, which is associated with other systemic
disease like arthritis and tuberculosis etc. this if
not diagnose in time can lead to permanent
decrease of vision.
Symptoms are redness of eyes and reduction in
vision. Discomfort in bright light and eye pain.
Treatment of infection and
inflammation
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Depends on the cause allergic or infection
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Inflammation is treated by supportive treatment
and tear substitute. Causative systemic disease
has to be diagnosed and treated.
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Infection is treated by oral and local antibiotics
and antiviral. Painkillers and antacids are
supportive modalities
Other disease in young adults.
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Squint:
Misalignment of visual axis or when both eyes are not
looking in the same direction.
Paralytic or concomitant:
Muscle paralysis or neurological reason.
Treatment is evaluation, spectacles and surgery.
Cataract
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Opacity in the natural crystalline lens is called cataract.
Old age disease but can occur in newborn babies and
adults due to infection in intrauterine period or
malnutrition. Certain metabolic disease also cause
cataract in young.
Treatment is surgery phacoemulsification with artificial
lens implantation.
Glaucoma
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This is defined as raised intraocular pressure
Changes in the perimetery or visual field
Change in optic nerve.
Vision lost due to this is irreversible so quick
diagnosis and treatment is an answer
 Usually occurs in above 40 age group, family
history , hypermetropia
 Hypertension is a risk factor.
 Check your eye pressure on every visit to an eye
doctor ( if you are above 40 yrs )
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Treatment: eye drops ,laser iridotomy,surgery.
Symptoms of glaucoma
colored halos, redness, pain in
eyes
Diabetic and hypertensive
retinopathy
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Retinopathy and cataract are commonest eye
problem in diabetics.
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Early diagnosis is required because there could
be irreversible damage to eye site.
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Retinopathy may lead to retinal detachment and
glaucoma which can permanently damage
eyesight.
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If detected early patients can be managed
medically by OCT, FFA and laser treatment
Complication of diabetes in eyes
Optic nerve related disease
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Optic neuritis
 Optic nerve edema or papilloedema.
 Optic nerve atrophy.
OTHER EYE DISEASE LIKE
Age related macular degeneration.
Various benign and malignant tumors
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Children eye checkup
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SCHEDULE FOR EYE CHECK
UP
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Within first 8 days of life in babies born with
eye problem.
6 months of age
1 year of age
Every 2 yrs in preschool.
Every year in school going children.
For adults every 2 years.
For people suffering from diabetes and
hypertension every year.
Tips for good vision and
how to take care of your eyes.
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Awareness.
Frequent blinking, proper distance.
Don’t strain your eyes.
Take a visual break, Look away.
Eye exercise. Short walk.
Cold water splash. Home remedies.
Liquid tear substitute.
Drink enough water
Eat healthy.
Know your lenses
Antiglare glasses
Visit eye doctor before your optometrist
Take a walk
Cold water splash and home
remedies
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Awareness.
Frequent blinking, proper distance.
Don’t strain your eyes.
Take a visual break, Look away.
Eye exercise. Short walk.
Cold water splash. Home remedies.
Liquid tear substitute.
Drink enough water
Eat healthy.
Know your lenses
Antiglare glasses
Visit eye doctor before your optometrist
Tear substitute
Eat healthy,green veg and fruits
Drink enough water
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Awareness.
Frequent blinking, proper distance.
Don’t strain your eyes.
Take a visual break, Look away.
Eye exercise. Short walk.
Cold water splash. Home remedies.
Liquid tear substitute.
Drink enough water
Eat healthy.
Know your lenses
Antiglare glasses
Visit eye doctor before your optometrist
Thank you
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