BY: Farukh Kohistani and Iva Hoxha
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 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
 A virus that damages or destroys the body’s immune system T cells (CD4 lymphocyte).
 Acquired Immunedeficiency Syndrome
(AIDS)
 The most advanced stage of HIV infection.
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 A health condition or disease that is greater for one group than the general population.
 Groups such as:
 Racial/ethnic groups
 Gender
 Age
 Social economics
 Residents of rural areas
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 HIV/ AIDS began around the early 1980s.
 There are two strains: HIV 1 and HIV 2.
 HIV 1/AIDS: May have originated from chimpanzees.
 HIV 2: Believed to have jumped into us from an
African monkey. (Sooty Mangabey)
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33% of diagnosis of HIV in Massachusetts (2000-
2002) were African-Americans.(1)
African-Americans in Massachusetts impacted by
HIV/AIDS at 10 times the level of White
Americans.(2)
African American women are 38X’s more likely than white women to contract the disease.(3)
1 in 4 of all Massachusetts cases are women >1/2 are
African American women.(4)
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 Mortality Rate is higher
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Unprotected sex.
Sharing of needles or syringes.
Already have a sexually transmitted disease.
Not spread through:
 Sharing
 Saliva
 Airborne
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 Poverty: Lower-quality health care.
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 Lack of trust in medical system: Cultural differences.
 Lack of awareness: Significance of screening.
 STIs: African American women.
 Imprisonment of African American men:
Confinement leads to sexual intercourse with multiple partners.
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 Worst flu-like illness
 Fever, chills
 Headaches
 Tiredness
 Swollen lymph node
 Sores in the mouth
 Lesions, rashes
Unexplained fatigue, rapid weight loss.
Profuse night sweats.
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 Drugs used to halt illness for many years:
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 Antiretrovirals
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 Anti-HIV or Anti-AIDS drugs.
NNRTI
NRTI
PIs
Entry of fusion inhibitors.
Integrase inhibitors
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This disparity is developed because of the lack of awareness, poverty, the lack of trust in the medical field, STIs, and the imprisonment of African American men.
It attacks the body’s immune system.
It has severe symptoms.
There is no cure but, there are drugs to stop any weakening of the immune system.
Organizations/ local areas.
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(1,2)Stone, V. (2004, June 14). Testimony on African Americans and HIV AIDS .
Retrieved July 14, 2011, from http://www.aac.org/site/PageServer?pagename=action_testimonyaahd
(3/4)Wright, D. (2011, May 31). In Massachusetts, HIV/AIDS Kills Black Women
the Most [HIV African American women]. Retrieved July 14, 2011, from BET website: http://www.bet.com/news/health/2011/ 05/31/in-massachusetts-hivaids-kills-black-women-the-most.html
(5) Massachusetts HIV/AIDS Data Fact Sheet; Women at Risk of HIV Infection
[HIV AIDS]. (2008, June). Retrieved from Massachusetts Department of
Public Health HIV/AIDS website: http://www.mass.gov/eohhs2/docs/dph/aids/2008_profiles/women_at_risk.p
df
(6/7) Massachusetts STD, HIV/AIDS and Viral Hepatitis Surveillance
Report:200 [HIV AIDS]. (2009). Retrieved July 13, 2011, from Bureau of
Infectious Disease Prevention, Response and Services website: http://www.mass.gov/Eeohhs2/docs/dph/cdc/aids/std_surveillance_2009.pdf
(7)Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Infection [HIV AIDS].
(2007, September 17). Retrieved July 17, 2011, from editorial commentary website: https://www.hivma.org/assets/0/18/ 312/924/2EBBC695-9D51-
42E8-BA6E-1004B84C85B2.pdf
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(8)Avert. (2010). HIV AIDS among African Americans. Retrieved July 14, 2011, from
Avert website: http://www.avert.org/hiv-african-americans.htm
(9)FLNM. (n.d.). HIV / AIDS: Symptoms diagnosis, prevention and treatment [HIV AIDS]. Retrieved July 14, 2011, from FLMN website: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/magazine/issues/summer09/ articles/summer09pg13-15.html
(10)Mayo Clinic. (n.d.). Treatments and Drugs [HIV AIDS ]. Retrieved
August 11, 2011, from Mayo Clinic website: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hivaids/DS00005/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugs
Strodghill, A. G. (2010, June 1). Sad Truth: AIDS Leading Cause Of Death
For Mass. Black Women [HIV AIDS]. Retrieved from http://newsone.com/nation/astodghill/sad-truth-aids-leading-cause-ofdeath-for-mass-black-women/
Danielle, B. (2011, May 31). HIV/AIDS Now Leading Cause of Death For
Black Women In Mass [HIV AIDS ]. Retrieved from http://clutchmagonline.com/2011/05/hivaids-now-leading-cause-ofdeath-for-black-women-in-mass/
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