Darstellung der Zusammenhänge
„Minimiere die Kosten im
Rahmen deiner Möglichkeiten.“
 Verbal
Fixkosten
 Grafisch
Rohertrag

Input q1
Input q2



min K  p1q1  p2q2 O  aq1 q2  0
 Algebraisch

Funktionale Darstellungen
Prof. Dr. Hildebrandt
1
Verbale Darstellung
There are in a pound upwards of
four thousand pins of a middling
size.
Those
ten
persons,
therefore, could make among
them upwards of forty-eight
thousand pins in a day. Each
person, therefore, making a tenth
part of forty-eight thousand pins,
might be considered as making
four thousand eight hundred pins
in a day. But if they had all
wrought
separately
and
independently, and without
any of them having been
educated
to
this
peculiar
business, they certainly could not
each of them have made twenty,
perhaps not one pin in a day; that
is, certainly, not the two hundred
and fortieth, perhaps not the four
thousand eight hundredth part of
what they are at present capable
of performing, in consequence of
a proper division and combination
of their different operations.
Adam Smith
Funktionale Darstellungen
Prof. Dr. Hildebrandt
2
Verbale Darstellung
The government agencies that
collect data on manufacturing are
well aware that the distinction is
blurry. According to the Bureau of
Labor Statistics, bakeries, candy
stores, and custom tailors are all
part of manufacturing. But one
could walk into such a retailer and
see many service activities taking
place.
Sometimes subtle differences can
change how an activity is
classified. Mixing water and
concentrate to produce a soft
drink
is
classified
as
manufacturing. If that activity is
performed at a snack bar,
however, it is considered a
service.
Gregory Mankiw

A  B  0  A  B : x (x  A)  (x  B)
Funktionale Darstellungen
Prof. Dr. Hildebrandt
3
Verbale Darstellung
„Die Substitutionsfähigkeit der mathematischen Ausdrucksweise
durch die verbale oder grafische nimmt mit der Komplexität des
Hypothesensystems und dem Schwierigkeitsgrad der logischen
Ableitungen (Deduktionen) ab.“
(24 Worte)
Funktionale Darstellungen
Prof. Dr. Hildebrandt
4
Grafische Darstellung
Funktionale Darstellungen
Prof. Dr. Hildebrandt
5
Grafische Darstellung
Funktionale Darstellungen
Prof. Dr. Hildebrandt
6
Funktionale Darstellung
y  mx  b
qN  a  b  p


Funktionale Darstellungen
Prof. Dr. Hildebrandt
7
Nachfragefunktion
(Bogenelastizität)
p
q%

p%
D
p‘‘
Gegenkathete
tan 
Ankathete
α
p‘

q‘‘
Funktionale Darstellungen
q‘
q
Prof. Dr. Hildebrandt
8
Anwendung: Ökonometrie
 Daten erheben
 Hypothese bilden (Funktion)
 Parameter bestimmen
 Gleichung aufstellen
 Signifikanz prüfen
 Grenzen der Ökonometrie: Strukturbrüche - Quantensprünge
Funktionale Darstellungen
Prof. Dr. Hildebrandt
9
Makroökonomische Konsumfunktion
Funktionale Darstellungen
Prof. Dr. Hildebrandt
10
Theoriebildung
Induktion
Deduktion
Funktionale Darstellungen
Prof. Dr. Hildebrandt
11