Hazardous Location Standards and
the CEC
Monday, April 13, 2015
Hazardous Location Standards and
the CEC
• Two Types
– Division Based
• Original C22.2
– IEC Based
• E79
• CAN/CSA
• C22.2
Division Based
Hazardous Location Standards
C22.2 No. 22
Electrical Equipment for Flammable and Combustible Fuel Dispensers
C22.2 No. 25
Enclosures for Use in Class II Groups E, F, and G Hazardous Locations
C22.2 No. 30
Explosion-Proof Enclosures for Use in Class I Hazardous Locations
C22.2 No. 137
Electric Luminaires for Use in Hazardous Locations
C22.2 No. 145
Motors and Generators for Use in Hazardous Locations
C22.2 No. 152
Combustible Gas Detection Instruments
C22.2 No. 157
Intrinsically Safe and Non-Incendive Equipment for Use in Hazardous
Locations
C22.2 No. 159
Attachment Plugs, Receptacles, and Similar Wiring Devices for Use in
Hazardous Locations: Class I, Groups A, B, C, and D; Class II, Group
G, in Coal or Coke Dust, and in Gaseous Mines
C22.2 No. 174
Cables and Cable Glands for Use in Hazardous Locations
C22.2 No. 213
Non-incendive Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I, Division 2
Hazardous Locations
CSA Adopted IEC Standards
CSA Version
IEC Version
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60079-0-07
IEC 60079-0 ed6.0 (2011-06)
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60079-1-07
IEC 60079-1 ed6.0 (2007-04)
CAN/CSA-E60079-2-02 (R2011)
IEC 60079-2 ed5.0 (2007-02)
CAN/CSA-E60079-5-02 (R2011)
IEC 60079-5 ed3.0 (2007-03)
CAN/CSA-E60079-6-02 (R2011)
IEC 60079-6 ed3.0 (2007-03)
CAN/CSA-E60079-7-03 (R2008)
IEC 60079-7 ed4.0 (2006-07)
CAN/CSA-E60079-11-02 (R2011)
IEC 60079-11 ed6.0 (2011-07)
CAN/CSA-E60079-15-02 (R2011)
IEC 60079-15 ed4.0 (2010-01)
CAN/CSA-E79-18-95 (R2009)
IEC 60079-18 ed3.0 (2009-05)
CAN/CSA-E61241-1-1-02 (R2010)
IEC 60079-31 ed1.0 (2008-11)
IEC Standards in the CEC
• Why did CEC Adopt the IEC Zone System?
– To Access the Types of Protection
• Why did we Adopt IEC Standards in 1995?
– IEC had no Certification programme
• Products were Typically ATEX Approved
– We Had no way to add Input to ATEX EN
Standards
• We did with IEC That’s Why we Adopted those
• But We don’t Actually Comment Much
Acceptable Equipment For Class 1, Locations
Division System
Class 1, Division 1
Class 1, Division 2
Class 1, Division 1
Intrinsically Safe (i, ia)
Other Acceptable Equipment
Class 1, Division 1
Class 1, Division 2
Flame Proof (d)
Increased Safety (e)
Encapsulation (m)
Oil Immersed (o)
Pressurized (p)
Intrinsically Safe (i, ia, ib)
Sand Filled (q)
Non-Sparking (nX)
Non-Incendive
Other Acceptable Equipment
Acceptable Equipment For Class 1, Locations
Zone System
Class 1, Zone 0
Intrinsically Safe (i, ia)
Class 1, Zone 1
Class 1, Zone 0
Class 1, Division 1
Flame Proof (d)
Increased Safety (e)
Encapsulation (m)
Oil Immersed (o)
Pressurized (p)
Intrinsically Safe (i, ia, ib)
Sand Filled (q)
Other Acceptable Equipment
Class 1, Zone 2
Class 1, Zone 0 & 1
Class 1, Division 1 & 2
Non-Sparking (nX)
Non-Incendive
Other Acceptable Equipment
Hazardous Location
Equipment Design
• Methods of Protection
– Two Types
• Containment - Explosion Proof
• Prevention - Explosion Protected
Elements Required For An
Explosion
FUEL
HEAT
The Fire
Triangle
OXYGEN
Combustible Dust
Dispersion
Confinement
Deflagration
Explosion
FIRE
Combustible Dust
HEAT
Ignition Source
Oxygen in
Air/Oxidizers
Methods Of Protection Ex “d”
• Flameproof or Explosion Proof
– Contains Explosion
– Vents Explosive Gases
– Flame Paths Cool Escaping Gases
Below Ignition Temperature of
Surrounding Atmosphere
– Minimal Damage Should Be Caused to
the Internal Components
Methods Of Protection That
“Contain an Explosion”
H
F
O
Metal To Metal
Joints
Extra Care
must be
Taken
Housing “Contains”
Explosion
All Bolts
Must Be
Installed
All Ten
Thousand
of the
Buggers
Methods Of Protection That
“Contain an Explosion”
Miniature Explosion
Proof Housing
Metal Explosion
Proof Enclosure
Key Difference In Zone/IEC
Vs. Division Approach
• Problem – Field Poured Sealing Fittings
Key Difference In Zone/IEC
Vs. Division Approach
• Sealing Is Integral To The Device
– No Sealing Fittings
– Enclosure Not Compromised
• Terminals Are Increased Safety
– Seal Molded Into Housing
• This Is Not a Hermetically Sealed Device
– Hermetically Sealed Units Use A Glass Tube
With a Contact Inside Operated by Magnets
– Lower Ratings and Less Reliable
Methods Of Protection Ex “e”
• Increased Safety
– Additional Protection Is Given to
Components to Prevent Excessive
Temperatures or Arcs and Sparks
– Used in Terminals, Motor & Lighting
Fixtures
• Terminals Cannot Vibrate Loose
or Deform the Conductor
• Have Increased Creepage and
Clearances

Methods Of Protection
Ex “i, ia, or ib”
• Intrinsically Safe or Intrinsic Safety
–
–
–
–
–
–
“Systems Approach”
Limits Energy in the Circuit.
Protected By Zener Diode Barrier
Ex ‘i’ Is CSA Standard & Is The Same As Ex ia
Ex ia, & Ex i Tolerate Two Faults
Ex ib Tolerate One Fault
Methods Of Protection Ex “q”
• Powder or Sand Filled
– The Enclosure Is Filled With
Sand or Ground Glass
– Displaces Hazardous Gases
– Isolates Hot or Arcing
Components
Methods Of Protection Ex “m”
• Encapsulation
– Arcing Components Are Sealed
in a Resin
– No Gas Can Come Into
Contact With Arcing Device
Methods Of Protection Ex “o”
• Oil Immersion
– Arcing Components Are
Submersed in Oil
Methods Of Protection Ex “p”
• Purged or Pressurized
– Clean Air or Inert Gas Is Passed
Through the Enclosure
– Electrical Equipment Is Interlocked
With Purging
Methods Of Protection Ex “nX”
• Non Sparking
–
–
–
–
–
X
Non Sparking,
Low Energy, (Non-incendive)
Restricted Breathing
Simple Pressurization
Contained Spark Equipment (Hermetically Sealed)
Multiple Methods Of
Protection
• Products May Use Multiple Protection Methods
• Contact Block - Ex de IIC T6
– Flameproof Contact Chamber
– Increase Safety Terminals
• Light Fixture - Ex deq IIC T4
• Contact Block - Ex de IIC T6
– Flameproof Contact Chamber
– Increase Safety Terminals
– Sand Filled Ballast
Major Differences When
Working on Live Units
Advantages to Zone
Equipment
Advantages to Zone
Equipment
Advantages to Zone
Equipment
Advantages to Zone
Equipment
Advantages to Zone
Equipment
Major Differences When
Working on Live Units
The Rest of the IEC Standards
• Canada has adopted only a portion
• The CEC References Many more
– e.g. IEC 60079-10-1
• As OBIEC Begins to be used more, more IEC
Standards will be used or referenced.
• Those working on international projects or
equipment need to understand the rest of the
series.
60079-0
Explosive atmospheres - Part 0: Equipment - General requirements
60079-1
Explosive atmospheres - Part 1: Equipment protection by flameproof
enclosures "d"
60079-2
Explosive atmospheres - Part 2: Equipment protection by pressurized
enclosures "p"
60079-5
Explosive atmospheres - Part 5: Equipment protection by powder filling "q"
60079-6
Explosive atmospheres - Part 6: Equipment protection by oil immersion "o"
60079-7
Explosive atmospheres - Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e"
60079-10-1
Explosive atmospheres - Part 10-1: Classification of areas - Explosive gas
atmospheres
60079-10-2
Explosive atmospheres - Part 10-2: Classification of areas - Combustible dust
atmospheres
60079-11
Explosive atmospheres - Part 11: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety "i"
60079-13
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres – Part 13: Equipment
protection by pressurized room "p"
60079-14
Explosive atmospheres - Part 14: Electrical installations design, selection and
erection
60079-15
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 15: Equipment
protection by type of protection "n"
TR 60079-16
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres – Part 16: Artificial for
protection of analyzer(s) houses
60079-17
Explosive atmospheres - Part 17: Electrical installations inspection and
maintenance
60079-18
Explosive atmospheres - Part 18: Equipment protection by encapsulation "m"
60079-19
Explosive atmospheres - Part 19: Equipment repair, overhaul and reclamation
60079-26
Explosive atmospheres - Part 26: Equipment with equipment protection level
(EPL) Ga
60079-28
Explosive atmospheres - Part 28: Protection of equipment and transmission
systems using optical radiation
60079-29-1
Explosive atmospheres - Part 29-1: Gas detectors - Performance requirements
of detectors for flammable gases
60079-29-2
Explosive atmospheres - Part 29-2: Gas detectors - Selection, installation, use
and maintenance of detectors for flammable gases and oxygen
60079-29-3
Explosive atmospheres - Part 29-3: Gas detectors - Requirements for
functional safety of fixed gas detection systems
60079-29-4
Part 29-4: Gas detectors - Performance requirements of open path detectors
for flammable gases
60079-30-1
Explosive atmospheres - Part 30-1: Electrical resistance trace heating General and testing requirements
60079-30-2
Explosive atmospheres - Part 30-2: Electrical resistance trace heating Application guide for design, installation and maintenance
60079-31
Explosive atmisoheres - Part 31: Equipment dust ignition protection by
enclosure "t"
60079-32-1
Explosive atmospheres - Part 32-1: Electrostatic hazards, Guidance
60079-32-2
Explosive atmospheres - Part 32-2: Electrostatics hazards - Tests
60079-33
Explosive atmospheres - Part 33: Equipment protection by special protection ‘s’
60079-35-1
Explosive atmospheres – Part 35-1: Caplights for use in mines susceptible to
firedamp – General requirements – Construction and testing in relation to the
risk of explosion
60079-35-2
Explosive atmospheres - Part 35-2: Caplights for use in mines susceptible to
firedamp - Performance and other safety-related matters
60079-xx
Explosive atmospheres - Requirements for Process Sealing Between
Flammable or Combustible Process Fluids and Electrical Systems.
61241-0
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 0:
General requirements
61241-11
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 11:
Protection by intrinsic safety 'iD'
61241-1-1
Electrical Apparatus for Use in the Presence of Combustible Dust -Part 1-1:
Electrical Apparatus Protected by Enclosures and Surface Temperature
Limitation - Specification for Apparatus
61241-2-1
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 2: Test
methods - Section 1: Methods for determining the minimum ignition
temperatures of dust
61241-2-3
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 2: Test
methods - Section 3: Method for determining minimum ignition energy of
dust/air mixtures
61241-4
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 4:
Type of protection "pD"
TS 61241-2-2
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 2:
Test methods - Section 2: Method for determining the electrical resistivity of
dust in layers
IEC Standards Development
• Issues:
– For Manufacturers and Users
• Certification for IECEx allows the use of one Standard Back
from Current Edition
• While recertification may not be necessary, There are many
Issues with Out of Date Certifications
• This Adds Costs Which are Typically Passed on to End User
– Canadian Interests
•
•
•
•
IEC Standards Development Dominated by EU Countries
Largely Testing Agencies
Some Manufacturers
IEC Does Not Understand out system
IEC Standards Development
• The US has a Large National Committee
– Comment on most IEC Standards
• Chair or Secretary of Several
– Watching out for US Interests
• Canada Has two or three
– Canada is at risk of losing it’s P-status
– We need more members
Integrated Committee on Hazardous
Location Products (ICHLP)
• Call For Members
– Review IEC Documents
– Add Comments
– Participate in ICHL Meetings
• No to be Held in Calgary
• Contact mcole@hubbell-canada.com
• Questions