ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2010
Lighting Highlights
Eric Richman, LC, LEED AP
90.1 Lighting Subcommittee Chair
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Summary List - ASHRAE 90.1-2010 changes
Revised/corrected Interior LPDs (efficacy, geometry)
Exterior LPD requirements expansion (exterior zones)
►Detailed
Detailed daylighting
daylighting control
control and
and skylight
skylight requirements
requirements
►Occupancy
Occupancy sensor
sensor control
control (more
(more spaces.
spaces. Vacancy)
Vacancy)
►Exterior
Exterior lighting
lighting control
control (after-hours
(after-hours requirements)
requirements)
►Parking
Parking garage
garage lighting
lighting control
control (daylighting/after
(daylighting/after hours)
hours)
►Emergency
Emergency (night
(night light)
light) shut-off
shut-off and
and Stairwell
Stairwell control
control
►Control
Control incentives
incentives for
for advanced
advanced controls
controls
►Guest
Guest room
room bathroom
bathroom lighting
lighting control
control (aw)
(aw)
►Receptacle
Receptacle shut-off
shut-off control
control (50%
(50% auto-off)
auto-off)
►Functional
Functional Testing
Testing(commissioning)
(commissioning)
30 total addenda
Building LPD Changes (sample)
TABLE 9.5.1 Lighting Power Densities
Using the Building Area Method
Most whole
building values
reduced or
unchanged
[Addendum “by” - completed]
LPD
Building Area
Typea
Automotive facility
Convention center
Courthouse
Dining: bar lounge/leisure
Dining: cafeteria/fast food
Dining: family
Dormitory
Exercise center
Gymnasium
Health-care clinic
Hospital
Hotel
Library
Manufacturing facility
Motel
Motion picture theater
Multifamily
Museum
Office
Parking garage
(W/ft2)
0.9
0.82
1.2
1.08
1.2
1.05
1.3
0.99
1.4
0.90
1.6
0.89
1.0
0.61
1.0
0.88
1.1
1.00
1.0
0.87
1.2
1.21
1.0
1.00
1.3
1.18
1.3
1.11
1.0
0.88
1.2
0.83
0.7
0.60
1.1
1.06
1.0
0.90
0.3
0.25
Space Type LPD Changes (sample)
Mixed reduction and increase in LPDs based on
technology improvements and model corrections.
TABLE 9.6.1 Lighting Power Densities Using the Space-by-Space Method
LPD, W/ft2
Atrium— First Three
Floors First 40 feet in
Height
Atrium— Each
Additional Floor Height
Above 40 Feet
Classroom/ Lecture/
Training
0.6
For Penitentiary
1.3
1.3
1.23
6
0.5
0.66
Width < 8
ft
1.28
1.81
6
6
Conference/ Meeting/
Multipurpose
Corridor/ Transition
Laboratory
For Classrooms
For Medical/
Industrial/ Research
0.2
1.4
0.03 per ft
(height)
Common Space Typesa
RCR
Threshold
NA
Lobby
For Hotel
0.02 per ft
(height)
NA
1.24
4
1.4
For Performing Arts
Theater
For Motion Picture
Theater
Dressing/ Locker/ Fitting
Room
Lounge/ Recreation
For Hospital
Office—Enclosed
Office—Open Plan
Restrooms
Sales Area [for accent
lighting, see Section
9.6.2(b)]
Stairs – Active Stairway
Active Storage
LPD, W/ft2
RCR
Threshold
4
1.3
1.1
3.3
0.65
2.00
6
1.1
0.52
4
0.6
0.75
6
1.2
0.8
1.1
1.1
0.9
1.7
0.73
4
1.11
0.98
0.98
1.68
8
4
8
6
0.6
0.8
0.69
0.63
10
6
Added LPD Adjustment
Room Cavity Ratio Adjustment for relief in unusual
spaces
Use only when applying the space by space method
Calculate the Room Cavity Ratio (RCR) for the empty
room:
RCR = 2.5 x Room Cavity Height x room perimeter length
room area
(Room Cavity Height = Luminaire mounting height – Workplane)
If RCR is greater than the RCR threshold for that space
type, a 20% increase is allowed
For corridor/transition spaces, this adjustment is allowed
when less than 8 feet wide, regardless of the RCR.
Retail Display Allowance Reductions
Reduced additional allowance for lighting specifically
designed and directed to highlight merchandise
Additional Interior Lighting Power Allowance = 1000 watts
+ (Retail Area 1 × 1.0 0.6 W/ft2)
+ (Retail Area 2 × 1.7 0.6 W/ft2)
+ (Retail Area 3 × 2.6 1.4 W/ft2)
+ (Retail Area 4 × 4.2 2.5 W/ft2),
Change based primarily on effective use of CMH
technology
[Addendum “bq” to 90.1-2007 – Completed
Daylighting Control Additions…..
Three separate addenda (“d”, “ab”, “al”) that:
Require the control of electric lighting when top and side
daylight is present
…AND…
Require the installation of skylights when appropriate
Additional addenda “ct” and “dd” (in process) modify the
area thresholds for top and side daylighting
Lighting Control for Toplighting
Requires control of electric lighting when toplighting
daylight is available
Applied based on “daylight area under skylights” +
“daylight area under rooftop monitors” that exceed 900 ft2
Control is required for the general lighting over these
areas
Control must be multi-level photocontrol
At least two output levels at 0% - 35% and 50% - 70%
OR
Continuous dimming
[Addenda “d” and “ab” to 90.1-2007 – Completed]
“Daylight Area Under Skylights”
“Daylight Area Under Skylights”
Lighting Control for Sidelighting
Requires control of electric lighting when
sidelighting daylight is available in appropriate
areas
Applied based on “primary sidelighted area”
exceeding 250 ft2.
Control is required for the general lighting over these
areas
Control must be multi-level photocontrol
At least two output levels at 0% - 35% and 50% - 70%
OR
Continuous dimming
[Addenda “ab” (Completed review) and “ct” (In review) to 90.1-2007]
“Primary Sidelighted Area”
“Primary Sidelighted Area”
Zonal Exterior Power Allowance Revision
The existing single set of exterior power limits is expanded to be
lighting zone based.
The expansion follows the current IESNA development work on
Model Lighting Ordinances (MLO)
Exterior Lighting Zones
Lighting
Zone
Description
1
Developed areas of National Parks, State Parks, Forest Land, and Rural areas
2
Areas predominantly consisting of residential zoning, neighborhood business
districts, light industrial with limited nighttime use and residential mixed use
areas
3
All other areas
4
High activity commercial districts in major metropolitan areas as designated
by the local jurisdiction
[Addendum “i” to 90.1-2007 - completed]
Zonal Exterior Power Allowance Revision
(partial list)
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Zone 4
500 W
600 W
750 W
1300 W
0.06 W/ft2
0.10 W/ft2
(0.15) 0.13
W/ft2
0.7 W/linear
foot
0.7 W/linear
foot
0.8 W/linear
foot
1.0 W/linear
foot
Special Feature
Areas
0.14 W/ft2
0.14 W/ft2
0.16 W/ft2
0.2 W/ft2
Stairways
0.75 W/ft2
1.0 W/ft2
1.0 W/ft2
1.0 W/ft2
Pedestrian
Tunnels
0.15 W/ft2
0.15 W/ft2
0.2 W/ft2
0.3 W/ft2
Landscaping
0.04 W/ft2
0.05 W/ft2
0.05 W/ft2
0.05 W/ft2
Base Site
Allowance
Tradable Surfaces
Uncovered Parking Areas
Parking areas and
drives
0.04 W/ft
2
Building Grounds
Walkways less
than 10 feet wide
Walkways 10 feet
wide or greater
Plaza areas
Occupancy Based Control Additions
Requirement for specific occupancy sensor control in additional spaces
(red).
conference,/meeting rooms, and training rooms,
classrooms and lecture halls
employee lunch and break rooms.,
storage and supply rooms between 50 ft2 and 1000 ft2,
rooms used for document copying and printing,
office spaces up to 250 ft2,
[Addendum “x” to 90.1restrooms
2007 – Completed]
dressing, locker, and fitting rooms.
Exceptions updated (moved):
Spaces with multi-scene lighting control systems
Shop and laboratory classrooms
Spaces where an automatic shutoff would endanger the safety or
security of the room or building occupant(s)
Lighting required for 24-hour operation
Occupancy Manual-on Control Requirement
Automatic control devices shall not be set to Automatically
turn the lighting on.
This effectively requires manual-on OR 50% auto-on function for
automatic controls
Commonly known as a “vacancy sensor” type of control in the
occupancy sensor industry
Exceptions (where automatic-on is allowed):
public corridors and stairwells,
restrooms,
primary building entrance areas and lobbies ,
areas where manual-on operation would endanger the safety or
security of the room or building occupant(s).
[Addenda “aa” and “bp” to 90.1-2007 – Completed]
“Bi-Level” Space Lighting Control
Requires the controlled lighting have at least one
control step between 30% and 70% (inclusive) of full
lighting power in addition to all off.
Exceptions:
Lights in corridors, electrical/mechanical rooms, public lobbies,
restrooms, stairways, and storage rooms
Spaces with only one luminaire with rated input power less
than 100W.
Spaces types with a lighting power allowance of less than 0.6
W/ft2
[Addendum “ce” to 90.1-2007 – In process]
Changes to Alterations Requirements
Requires that BOTH Interior and Exterior alterations
comply with LPD and automatic shutoff requirements
Includes retrofits where luminaires are added,
replaced, or removed.
Also includes lamp plus ballast retrofits
Alterations of less than 10% of connected lighting load
are exempted.
[Addendum “av” to 90.1-2007 – Completed]
Parking Garage Control
Requires Parking garage lighting to be automatically
controlled including daylighting
Must reduce lighting power by minimum of 30% when
no activity detected within a lighting zone (< 3,600 sf)
Daylight transition zone lighting (66 ft wide by 50 ft)
must be separately controlled to turn lighting on during
daylight hours and off at sunset.
Daylight control required for luminaires within 20 feet of
perimeter wall with net opening to wall ratio of 40%.
Exceptions:
Daylight transitions zones and ramps without parking are
exempt from 30% reduction and daylight control.
Applications using HID of 150 watts or less or Induction lamps
are exempt from 30% reduction.
[Addendum “cz” to 90.1-2007 – completed]
Advanced Exterior Lighting Control
Requires specific daylight and building
operation lighting controls for exterior
Lighting must turn off when there is sufficient daylight
Building façade and landscape lighting must be shut off
between midnight or business closing, whichever is
later, and 6am or business opening, whichever comes
first, or between times established by the authority
having jurisdiction.
The power for other lighting including advertising
signage, shall be automatically reduced by at least 30%:
from 12 midnight or within one (1) hour of the end of business
operations, whichever is later, until 6am or business opening
,whichever is earlier; OR
during any period when no activity has been detected for a time
of no longer than 15 minutes.
[Addendum “cd” to 90.1-2007 – in process]
Receptacle (wall plug) Control
Requires that 50% of receptacles (wall plugs) in a space
have automatic shutoff control
Applies to 125 volt 15- and 20-Ampere receptacles in
Private offices, Open offices, and Computer Classrooms
Requires automatic control using:
Time-of-day schedule,
Occupancy sensor, or
Other automatic control based on occupancy
Exceptions:
Spaces where automatic shutoff would be safety/security issue
Spaces where all loads require 24 hour operation.
[Addendum “bs” to 90.1-2007 – in process]
Hotel Room Bathroom Lighting
Exception/Control Revision
Guestrooms in hotels, motels, boarding houses or similar
buildings shall have one or more control device(s) at the
entry door that collectively control all permanently
installed luminaires and switched receptacles, except
those in the bathroom(s).
Bathrooms shall have a control device installed to
automatically turn off the bathroom lighting, except
for night lighting not exceeding 5 watts, within 60
minutes of the occupant leaving the space.
[Addendum “aw” to 90.1-2007 – Completed]
Advanced Control Incentives
When all mandatory control requirements are met for a
space AND advanced controls are installed in that space,
THEN additional limited lighting power is allowed:
The allowance is based on conservative estimates of
tradeoff (low percentage of expected savings)
Additional power can be used anywhere in the
building
Additional Interior Lighting Power Allowance is
calculated as:
Lighting Power Under Control x Control Factor
[Addendum “ac” to 90.1-2007 - completed]
Control Factors for Advanced Controls
(partial list)
Control Factors Varying by space type
Space Type
Open
AND
Private
offices
Conference
meeting
Classroom
(lect./train.)
Retail
Sales
area
Lobby, Atrium, Dining,
Corridor/stairs, Gym/pool
Mall concourse, Parking
garage
Manual, continuous dimming
control OR Programmable
multi-level dimming control
0.05
0.10*
0.1
0
Programmable multi-level
dimming control using
programmable time scheduling
0.05
0.10*
0.1
0.1
Multi-level occupancy sensors
0.05
0.05
0
0
Automatic bi-level or multi level
switching in primary
sidelighted
areas when EA > 0.15
0
0
0.1
0
Additional Control Method
*These control factors may only be used if the requirements of section 9.4.1.2 are met using an occupancy sensor.
Stairwell and “Emergency” Lighting Control
Stairwell lighting must have automatic shutoff control
Applies to lighting in enclosed stairwells
Must have control to automatically reduce lighting
power in any control zone by at least 50% within 30
minutes of all occupants leaving the zone.
Lighting with dual function as normal and
“emergency” lighting must comply with automatic
shutoff requirements
This was always the intent but now clarified
[Addenda “cu” and “cf” to 90.1-2007 – in process]
Functional Testing (commissioning) of Controls
Requires functional testing
(calibrated/adjusted/programmed) for lighting control
devices and systems within 90 days of occupancy
Must be performed by individuals NOT involved in design,
manufacture, or installation
For occupant sensors, time switches, programmable
controls, or photosensors:
Verify all performance criteria is met
Confirm occupant sensor time-out and sensitivity settings
Confirm timers and programs set to turn lights off
Confirm photosensor controls effectively control electric lighting in
response to daylight
[Addendum “az” to 90.1-2007 – Completed
QUESTIONS
?