Computer Vision –
Introduction
Hanyang University
Jong-Il Park
This Class
 Goal
 Understanding basic concepts and methodologies for
image processing(IP)
 Developing a foundation for further study and research
in IP and computer vision(CV)
 Learning how to develop IP/CV software
 How?
 Lectures: 3 hours/week
 Ordinary lecture(3/4)
 Programming lesson(1/4)
 Assignments: 2~3/month
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University
Textbook
 Rafael
C. Gonzalez and
Richard E. Woods, Digital
Image Processing, 3rd Edition,
Prentice Hall, 2002.
 References
 Inoue et al., C언어로 배우는
실천 영상처리, 성안당, 2003.
 황선규, 영상처리프로그래밍 by
Visual C++, 한빛미디어, 2007.
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Background
1. Probability Theory and Random Process
2. Linear Algebra
3. Signals and Systems
4. Digital Signal Processing
5. C/C++ programming skill
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Images
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What is Image?




picture size  picture resolution ; 256256, 512512
0  f(x,y)  L(=255) ; gray level, 8bit/pixel
(x,y) ;spatial coordinate
t
;temporal coordinate
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Image formation
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Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University
[http://learn.hamamatsu.com/articles/microscopyimaging.html]
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Image Coordinate
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 f 0,0
 f 1,0
f  x, y   



 f M  1,0
f 0,1 
f 1,1 


f 0, N  1 
f 1, N  1  ; M×N matrix


f M  1, N  1
 a00 a01  a0, N 1 
 


A
 



aM 1,0   aM 1, N 1 
; aij= f (x=i, y=j)
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Spatial Resolution
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Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University
Gray-Level Resolution
256
128
64
32
16
8
4Computer Science and Engineering,
2
Department of
Hanyang University
[http://learn.hamamatsu.com/articles/microscopyimaging.html]
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University
Functional form
 Functional forms
f(x,y) : 2-D still image
 f(x,y,t), f(x,y,z) : video sequence, 3D object
 f(x,y,z,t) : moving 3-D object
 Meaning
 brightness(luminance) or color of an object



absorption characteristics of objects(especially bodies)


X-ray imaging, Ultrasonic imaging, CT
distance between objects and measuring instrument


TV camera, scanner
sonar imaging, radar imaging, range camera
temperature of an object

IR(infrared) camera
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Famous Images
Lena (512*512)
Barboon (512*512)
Boat (512*512)
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First photograph




First photograph due to Niepce,
First on record shown - 1822
Basic abstraction is the pinhole
camera
First successful commercial
photograph due to Eastman in late
19th
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First digital picture
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Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University
First digital image processing
 Early 1960s
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DIP in medical imaging
 Late 1960s and early 1970s
 Computed tomography(CT)
Recent
Application
NIKS
Hanyang Univ.
2002.
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EM spectrum
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Examples:
Gamma-ray imaging
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Examples:
X-ray imaging
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Examples:
Microscopy images
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Thematic bands
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Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University
Examples:
Multi-spectral imaging
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Examples:
Imaging in the visible band
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Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University
Examples:
Infrared imaging
Nighttime
Lights of
The World
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Examples:
Microwave imaging
Radar image
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Examples:
Radio band imaging
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Examples:
Ultrasound imaging
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Examples:
Electron microscope
Scanning Electron Microscope
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Examples:
Computer-generated images
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IP vs. Computer Vision
Vision continuum
Image
processing
Image
analysis
Low-level
Mid-level
•Filtering
•Enhancement
•Restoration
•Edge detection
•Compression
Image-in
Image-out
Computer
vision
High-level
•Segmentation
•Classification
•Recognition
•AI
Image-in
Feature-out
Image-in
Decision-out
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