High efficiency system design with Infineon power discretes -Infineon CoolMOSTM,OptiMOSTM, IGBT and SiC diode Vincent Zeng(曾伟权) System application engineer Infineon Technologies China Weiquan.zeng@infineon.com Infineon Products help reduce losses along the Entire Energy Distribution Chain Energy Generation Energy Distribution Energy Consumption Losses AC/AC AC/DC/AC Losses Losses Losses Motor Drives, Traction AC/DC/AC ~10% 10.02.2010 Losses Power Supply AC/DC Point of Load DC/DC The evolution on power semiconductor is never end Mature Super Junction Technology G S Trench+ Field Stop IGBT G S Emitter - n p+ pp n + Gate n - n p+ n+ p+ p n epi epi - - - sub D Conducting state Bi-Polar Boost like Structure SiC Diode n- (substrate) n + sub n (fieldstop) D Collector p+ Blocking state New die attachment method Diffusion soldering technology New Packaging Concept <1mm HV ThinPAK, TO-247 High Creepage 1200V SiC JFET 10.02.2010 Content CoolMOS technology OptiMOS technology TrenchStop IGBT technology SiC diode technology 10.02.2010 Copyright © Infineon Technologies 2010. All rights reserved. What is CoolMOS™ technology On state: Reduction of resistance of epitaxial layer by high doped n-columns Standard MOSFET Source Gate n+ p+ Higher doping level in n-type drift region results in lower Rds(on) nepi Blocking state: Compensation of additional charge by adjacent p-columns Half of active chip area is covered by pcolumns CoolMOS™ Source Gate During blocking state the p-column compensates the charge of the adjacent ncolumn resulting in high breakdown voltage at an area specific on-resistance below the silicon limit! n+ p+ nepi Drain 08.04.2015 n+ Drain p n+ A short description of CoolMOS™ High voltage MOSFET in 500V, 600V, 650V, 800V and 900V 30 Standard MOSFET 25 Ron x A ~ V(BR)DSS2,4...2,6 Offers a significant reduction of conduction and switching losses 20 Enables high power density and efficiency for superior power conversion systems 10 New horizons for high voltage applications 15 5 CoolMOSTM 0 Best-in-class price/performance ratio 400 500 600 700 800 900 Fig.: A near-linear relationship between Rds(on) and V(BR)DSS indicates the significant difference between CoolMOS and conventional MOSFET CoolMOSTM – Technology leader in high voltage MOSFETs 08.04.2015 1000 CoolMOSTM generation and milestone Performance CoolMOSTM C6/E6 CoolMOSTM CP(C5) • Self-limited dv/dt, di/dt, easy-to-use. • Enhanced Diode Commutation • 37 mOhm/650V in TO247 • 50% parastic Cap. and Qg. reduction • Best-in-class : 99 mOhm in TO220, 45 mOhm in TO247 IPW60R045CP CoolMOSTM C3 • Revolution in switching losses • Fast Diode “CFD” Series • High current capability. • Best-in-class: 160 mOhm in TO220 CoolMOSTM S5 • SJ Revolution in conduction loss • Lowest Rds(on) on the market: 70mOhm • Best-in-class: 190 mOhm in TO220 98 10.02.2010 99 01 04 08 09 Time Page 7 CoolMOS™ C6 high efficiency @ affordable costs CoolMOS™ C6 is the new generation of Infineon´s market leading high voltage power MOSFET´s designed according to the revolutionary superjunction (SJ) principle The new 600V&650V C6 portfolio provides all benefits of a fast switching SJ MOSFET while not sacrificing ease of use 10.02.2010 CoolMOS™ C6 high efficiency @ affordable costs Features: Benefits: lower area specific on-state resistance (RDS(on))*A) lower costs compared to previous CoolMOS™ generations reduced energy stored in output capacitance (Eoss) low switching losses (due to low Eoss) high body diode ruggedness proven CoolMOS™ quality combined with high body diode ruggedness guarantee outstanding reliability reduced reverse recovery charge (Qrr) easy control of switching behavior 10.02.2010 CoolMOS C6 reduced energy stored in output capacitance CoolMOS™C6 shows the best Figure-of-merit Ron ∗ Eoss 12 IPP60R190C6 Eoss [µJ] 10 SPP20N60C3 8 IPP60R199CP 6 4 2 0 0 100 200 300 Vds [V] 400 500 Low energy stored in output capacitance make make CoolMOS™C6 the right choice for hard switching applications. CoolMOS™ C6 600V efficiency measurement 86% 84% 82% 80% 78% 76% 74% 72% 70% 0.7% 0.6% 0.5% 0.4% 0.3% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% -0.1% 2x IPP60R190C6 Rg,ext=3.3 Ohm 2 x SPP20N60C3 Rg,ext=3.3 Ohm 0 100 200 300 Pout [W] 400 500 Efficiency difference C6 vs C3 [%] Efficiency [%] Efficiency comparison CoolMOS C6 versus C3 0 100 200 300 400 500 Pout [W] Ease of use & good efficiency especially in light load conditions! 10.02.2010 CoolMOS™ C6 650V efficiency measurement DCM PFC stage, 150W, AC in 90V Ecellent price performance ration, ease of use and good efficiency especially in light load conditions make 650V CoolMOS™C6 the right choice for hard switching applications. CoolMOS C6 gate switching behavior Under high conduction current Vgs 40A pulse current 20A Nominal current C6 shows no gate spikes up to pulse currents beyond 2 times rated current C6 Id Dynamical allowed value of gate voltage (30V) Vgs 40A pulse current 20A Nominal current Id Comp SJ Competitor part shows turn off gate spikes even below nominal current. drain current IDS [A] Hard commutation of body diode 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 SPP20N60C3 IPP60R190C6 SPP20N60CFD 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 time [µs] 0.8 1 CoolMOS™ C6 shows less reverse recovery charge than C3 and better softness than CFD 10.02.2010 But, a MOSFET with integrated fast body diode is required in some design… Buck Isolation + Rectification S3 S8..9 S5 230V AC D2..5 S1 350..500V DC DC/AC stage D1 S2 S4 S6..7 ZVS topology S2..S5 require the MOSFET has low reverse recovery charge Qrr and robustness body diode for hard-commutation Reactive power operation S6,S7 switches to hard commutation of body diodes …Infineon has officially launched CoolMOS CFD2 4/8/2015 Page 15 Main differences between CFD and CFD2 CFD2 is a 650V class MOSFET (CFD is 600V) Better light load efficiency due to reduced gate charge Softer commutation behavior and therefore better EMI behavior CFD2 offers customers a new cost down roadmap 20 Id [A] 15 CFD: fast switching of voltage or current i.e. di/dt or dv/dt (main causes of EMI) Ids_SPW47N60CFD Ids_IPW65R080CFD 10 CFD2: softer commutation reduces this problem saving customer time and money in designing in the part 5 0 -5 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 time [µs] Set date Page 16 Voltage overshoot CFD2 vs. CFD vs. Competition T=25°C; If=20A; Rg,d=5.6 Ohm; Ugs=13V 224V less overshoot with CFD2 for reliable systems 800 676V U [V] 600 SPW47N60CFD IPW65R080CFD Comp2 43A 569V 452V 400 200 0 0 100 200 300 t [µs] 400 500 CoolMOS™ C6/E6 Portfolio 600V TO-252 D-Pak [D] 3.3 Ω 1.8 A IPD60R3k3C6 2Ω 2.5 A IPD60R2k0C6 1.4 Ω 3.2 A IPD60R1k4C6 0.95 Ω 4.5 A IPD60R950C6 0.75 Ω 6.2 A IPD60R750E6 0.6 Ω 7.3 A IPD60R600E6 0.52 Ω 8A TO-263 D²PAK [B] TO-220 [P] TO-220 Fullpak [A] TO-262 I²-PAK [I] TO-247 [W] IPP60R1k4C6 IPB60R950C6 IPP60R950C6 IPA60R950C6 IPP60R750E6 IPA60R750E6 IPP60R600E6 IPA60R600E6 IPD60R520C6 IPP60R520E6 IPA60R520E6 0.45 Ω 9.5 A IPD60R450E6 IPP60R450E6 IPA60R450E6 0.38 Ω 11 A IPD60R380C6 IPB60R380C6 IPP60R380E6 IPA60R380E6 IPI60R380C6 0.28 Ω 15 A IPB60R280C6 IPP60R280E6 IPA60R280E6 IPI60R280C6 IPW60R280E6 0.19 Ω 20 A IPB60R190C6 IPP60R190E6 IPA60R190E6 IPI60R190C6 IPW60R190E6 0.16 Ω 24 A IPB60R160C6 IPP60R160C6 IPA60R160C6 IPW60R160C6 IPP60R125C6 IPA60R125C6 IPW60R125C6 IPP60R099C6 IPA60R099C6 IPW60R099C6 IPB60R600C6 0.125 Ω 30 A 0.099 Ω 35 A IPB60R099C6 0.07 Ω 47 A IPW60R070C6 0.041 Ω 77 A IPW60R041C6 CoolMOS™ C6 Portfolio 650V IPW65R037C6: 650V 37mΩ TO247 CoolMOS™ E6 650V Portfolio 650V CoolMOS™ CFD2 Portfolio 600 mΩ, 80 mΩ, and 41 mΩ are already launched. 420 mΩ to 110 mΩ will be launched around February to March 2011. 1400 mΩ and 950 mΩ will be launched around May 2011. Set date Copyright © Infineon Technologies 2010. All rights reserved. Page 21 Content CoolMOS technology OptiMOS technology TrenchStop IGBT technology SiC diode technology 10.02.2010 Copyright © Infineon Technologies 2010. All rights reserved. Low Voltage MOSFETs Target Applications Computing Server VRD/VRM Notebook Telecom DC/DC Bricks, IBC, POL SMPS AC/DC Telecom SMPS 48V SR Server SMPS 12V SR NB Adapter 16-20V SR Industrial HP Vantage Platinum 2,5kW; 94% Eff. Low Voltage Drives Solar µ-inverter Small Signal LED Automotive NB Adapter Beyond the silicon limit normalized on-resistance OptiMOS™ CoolMOS™ Si-limit in TO-220 IFXproducts Si-limit in SuperSO8 Si-limit (die) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 600 breakdown voltage [V] 2015/4/8 800 1000 Infineon OptiMOSTM (25V~250V) Efficiency Lowest RDS(on) and FOM RDS(on) *Qg against competitors Infineon 160 RDS(on) Next Best Competitor FOM RDS(on) *Qg 6000 5000 120 4000 80 3000 2000 40 1000 0 0 25 30 40 60 75 80 100 120 150 200 250 V CanPAK M 80V 100V 120V 150V 200V 250V Set date SuperSO8 BSB044N08NN3 G BSC047N08NS3 G 4.4 mOhm 4.7mOhm BSB056N10NN3 G BSC060N06NS3 G 5.6mOhm 6.0mOhm BSC077N12NS3 G 7.7mOhm BSB150N15NZ3 G BSC190N15NS3 G 15mOhm 19mOhm BSC320N20NS3 G 32mOhm BSC600N25NS3 G 60mOhm 25 30 40 60 75 80 100 120 150 D²PAK-7 pin D²PAK TO-220 IPB019N08N3 G 1.9mOhm IPB025N10N3 G 2.5mOhm IPB036N12N3 G 3.6mOhm IPB065N15N3 G 6.5mOhm IPB025N08N3 G 2.5mOhm IPB027N10N3 G 2.7mOhm IPB038N12N3 G 3.8mOhm IPB072N15N3 G 7.2mOhm IPB107N20N3 G 10.7mOhm IPB200N25N3 G 20.0mOhm IPP028N08N3 G 2.8mOhm IPP030N10N3 G 3.0mOhm IPP041N12N3 G 4.1mOhm IPP075N15N3 G 7.5mOhm IPP110N20N3 G 11.0mOhm IPP200N25N3 G 20.0mOhm 200 250 V Package resolution DPAK SO8 SuperSO8 S3O8 Performance Package Size D²PAK/TO220 SMD leadless package has higher efficiency 94 93 efficiency [%] 92 Higher efficiency through lower power losses with SuperSO8 packaging 91 90 BSC047N08NS3 89 IPP057N08N3 88 10 20 30 40 50 output current [A] Tested in a 12V server power supply in the Sync Rec stage SMD leadless has lower voltage overshoot Overshoot comparison same chip 75 V 70 V overshoot 65 V 60 V 55 V SSO8 TO220 low Ls 50 V TP220 high Ls 45 V 10 A 15 A 20 A 25 A 30 A 35 A 40 A output current Longer electrical MOSFET connections mean ¬ Higher inductance 08.04.2015 ¬ Higher voltage stress for the MOSFET 45 A 50 A Adapterboard TO220 to SuperSO8 08.04.2015 Source Drain Gate What do I need this board for? - quick replacement of TO220 in existing designs - electrical verification of SuperSO8 Source Drain Gate Sync Rec MOSFETs: Q1, Q2 MOSFET – Gate Resistor: R1 RCD Snubber – Diode: D3 RCD Snubber – Capacitor: C3 RCD Snubber – Discharge Resistor: R3 Connectors for RCD Snubber: A Screw holes Content CoolMOS technology OptiMOS technology TrenchStop IGBT technology SiC diode technology 10.02.2010 Copyright © Infineon Technologies 2010. All rights reserved. How to improve the standard IGBT-technology? Concept of thin wafer with Fieldstoptechnology reduces VCE(sat) dramatically Emitter Emitter Gate Gate Reduction of Conduction Losses for higher Efficiency and improved thermal properties n+ p+ Reduction of Swtiching Losses for higher Efficiency Introduction of trench gate technology reduces VCE(sat) further n- (substrate) Reduction of Conduction Losses for higher Efficiency n (fieldstop (fieldstop)) Collector Collector 2015/4/8 p+ IGBT Technology selection TrenchStopTM in thin wfr technology with carrier profile optimized for fast switching High Speed 3 08.04.2015 New Highspeed 3 IGBT technology Trade-off diagram 150°C 32 0.16 30 0.14 IKW25T120 IKP15N60T 28 26 SKB15N60HS 24 22 0.12 Eoff / mJ/A Eoff / m J/A Trade-off diagram Ic = In/2, Tj= 150°C Competitor A 20 0.10 Competitor A Competitor A 0.08 IKW25N120T2 0.06 Competitor A SKW25N120 IKW25N120H3 0.04 18 16 0.02 IGW40N60H3 HighSpeed3 14 Competitor B High Speed 3 Competitor B 0.00 2 12 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4 VCEsat / V 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 VCEsat / V Trench gate+ Field Stop offers superior trade-off Reduced switching losses for switching Frequencies above 30 kHz Soft switching behaviour Optimized diode for target applications 08.04.2015 Applikationsbewertung 4.4 New highspeed 3 IGBT switching behavior Elimination of tail current at high temperature… Std IGBT3 High Speed 3 CoolmosC3 High Speed 3 …for MOSFET-like switching behavior 08.04.2015 Powerloss comparison Simulation with IPOSIMTM 3-phase inverter Vbus=600V Fsw=20kHz Iload=40A In comparison with the previous generation TrenchStop2, the HighSpeed 3 shows 30% reduction in switching losses and only 16% increase in conduction losses. The HighSpeed 3 shows approx 10% lower losses than the best competitor, setting benchmark performance. 2015/4/8 Turn-off Waveform comparison IGBT Best competitor IKW30N60H3 Ic=5A Vce=400V Vge=+15/0V Smooth switching waveforms Low dV/dt and dI/dt for reduced EMI 2015/4/8 Infineon’s High Speed 3 IGBT Portfolio 600V and 1200V Product Family 600V TO-263 1200V TO-220 TO-247 TO-247 Continuous collector current at T C=100°C 15A Single IGBT 20A IGB20N60H3* IGP20N60H3 25A 30A IGB30N60H3* IGP30N60H3 40A IGW40N60H3 IGW50N60H3 50A DuoPack ™ 15A 20A IKB20N60H3* IKP20N60H3* IKW20N60H3 25A 30A IKB30N60H3* IKP20N60H3* 40A 50A 75A √ Devices are fully released! 08.04.2015 IKW40N60H3 IKW50N60H3 IGP15N120H3 IGP25N120H3 IGP40N120H3 IKW15N120H3 IKW25N120H3 IKW40N120H3 IKW30N60H3 IKW75N60H3* * Engineering samples October 2010 TrenchStop IGBT for low switching frequency TO-247 Continuous collector current at T C =100°C Continuous collector current at T C =100°C 20A IKW20N60T 30A IKW30N60T 50A IKW50N60T 75A IKW75N60T Polarity selection switch @50Hz switching frequency conduction loss dominated Vce(sat) @25°C=1.75V DuoPack™ Vce(sat) @25°C=1.5V DuoPack ™ TO-247 15A IKW15N120T2 25A IKW25N120T2 40A IKW40N120T2 Content CoolMOS technology OptiMOS technology TrenchStop IGBT technology SiC diode technology 10.02.2010 Copyright © Infineon Technologies 2010. All rights reserved. This is a huge application potential for Schottky diode in high voltage application, but … … today’s voltage range of Schottky ends at 250V Reasons: very high leakage currents (reverse loss~forward loss) on resistance increases with Ubr2.5 and increasing the area again increases the reverse loss With SiC Schottky diodes the range can be extended exceeding 1000V 2015/4/8 SiC feature fast forward conduction Reduce the Maximum VDS Stress of Power MOSFET! Very low Vds spike with SiC Schottky diode VDS spike up to 600 V with extremely fast switching boost MOSFET and competitors tandem diode Vds High losses and EMI problems Vds Vgs Due to unipolar nature of shottky, No need for forward recorver time to get conductive Vgs Improved gate waveform Using competitor tandem diode Using SiC Schottky diode Replacement of diode allows spike reduction of more than 100 V Full switching speed range of boost MOSFET useable for highest efficiency 2015/4/8 Zero reverse recovery charge only with unipolar devices… SiC Schottky diode 6 T=125°C, UAK=400V IF=6A, di/dt=200A/ms 4 I [A] 2 0 -2 SiC Schottky diode: 6A, 600V Si-pn Tandem diode 8A, 600V Standard Ultrafast 5A, 600V pn-diode -4 -6 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 Time [µs] Not possible with Si technology at 600 V rating… …therefore SiC Schottky diode concept required! 2015/4/8 0.3 Switching loss of SiC keep constant vs Io,Rg and Tc Advantages of your design: switching loss does not change with load condition, Rg of Boost MOSFET and temperature. 2015/4/8 Ruggedness and improved surge current capability @ elevated Tc (Infineon Patented) 40 Ideal characteristic: merged pnSchottky diode bipolar pn diode forward characteristic 35 IF (A) 30 25 20 unipolar diode forward characteristic 15 10 5 0 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 VF (V) 2015/4/8 10.00 12.00 14.00 SiC diode 3rd generation Package updated Creepage distance improved by a factor of 2 2G 3G Average creepage distance 1.78mm Average creepage distance 3.64mm TO-220 real 2pin package Besides, SiC diode in SMD package is available 2015/4/8 SiC 3rd generation RthJC updated Reduction of thermal resistance junction to case New die attachment method Diffusion soldering technology Thin soldering technique reduces dramatically solder contribution to RthJC Thermal margin (Tcase) in your design may be improved. 2015/4/8 SiC 3rd generation stored Qc updated Reduction of device capacitances 3G offers ever lowest Qc(Qrr) per given current rating in the market Enable higher switching frequency and smaller form-factor design 2015/4/8 SiC Diode Portfolio overview Voltage 600V 600V 1200V 2015/4/8 P/N IF QC Package IDD03SG60C IDD04SG60C IDD05SG60C IDD06SG60C IDD08SG60C IDD09SG60C IDD10SG60C IDD12SG60C 3.0 A 4.0 A 5.0 A 6.0 A 8.0 A 9.0 A 10.0 A 12.0 A 3.2 nC 4.5 nC 6.0 nC 8.0 nC 12.0 nC 15.0 nC 16.0 nC 19.0 nC In mass In mass In mass In mass In mass In mass In mass In mass production production production production production production production production IDH03SG60C IDH04SG60C IDH05SG60C IDH06SG60C IDH08SG60C IDH09SG60C IDH10SG60C IDH12SG60C IDH05S120 IDH08S120 IDH10S120 IDH15S120 3.0 A 4.0 A 5.0 A 6.0 A 8.0 A 9.0 A 10.0 A 12.0 A 5.0 A 7.5 A 10.0 A 15.0 A 3.2 nC 4.5 nC 6.0 nC 8.0 nC 12.0 nC 15.0 nC 16.0 nC 19.0 nC 18.0 nC 27.0 nC 36.0 nC 54.0 nC In mass In mass In mass In mass In mass In mass In mass In mass In mass In mass In mass In mass production production production production production production production production production production production production Package DPAK(TO-252) TO-220 real 2pin 1200V SiC Diode in TO-247HC IDY10S120 IDY15S120 package pin dimensions compatible to TO3P / TO247 full green package (RoHS compliant & halogen free) high creepage / air distance of 6.35 / 3.6mm at pins no pin shoulders distance “screw hole center” to “pin out plain” is compatible to TO247 / TO3P => no change of heatsink design required 2015/4/8 SiC Diode in TO220FullPAK package IDV02S60C IDV03S60C IDV04S60C IDV05S60C IDV06S60C 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A System cost / size savings due to reduced cooling requirements Good thermal performance without the need for additional isolation layer and washer Higher system reliability due to lower operating temperatures and less fans 2015/4/8 Summary Explore our website, put us to the test and see why Infineon's power semiconductors lead to your Superior Solutions. CoolMOS (500V~900V) ¬ www.infineon.com/CoolMOS OptiMOS (25V~250V) ¬ www.infineon.com/OptiMOS IGBT ¬ www.infineon.com/IGBT SiC diode (600V/1200V) ¬ www.infineon.com/SiC 08.04.2015