WNY Points of Emphasis
2013 Season
Grade 7/8 Test
TEST PROBLEM AREAS
2012 Change – Tape Color
Players have occasionally used tape to keep their sock
and shinguards up. In such cases, which of the following
statements is correct?
 A) The tape must be the same color as the main color
of the sock
 B) The tape must be the same color as the sock color
where the tape is being applied
 C) The tape can be any color, but all the tape must be
the same color.
 D) The tape can be any color or a mixture of colors
 E) Players are no longer permitted to tape their socks
Who cares about the tape color?
• Highest levels of competition
• Affects AR ability to identify players’ teams
• Use common sense at our levels
Law Change – Dropped Ball
You do a dropped ball restart just outside of the Red team's
penalty area. The ball hits the ground and Red #10 kicks the ball
toward her goalkeeper. The goalkeeper misses the ball and it
goes directly into the Red team's goal. Select the correct
statement
A) A goal has been scored by the Red team against themselves.
The restart is a kickoff.
B) A goal cannot be counted if scored this way. The dropped ball
must be retaken.
C) A goal cannot be counted if scored this way. The correct
restart is a goal kick for the Red team.
D) A goal cannot be counted if scored this way. The correct
restart is a corner kick for the Blue team.
E) Red #10 has committed a violation of the Law. Cancel the
goal and restart with an indirect free kick for Blue
If the ball is dropped and enters
the goal …
• … before any player touches it:
– Re-drop
• … after being touched ONE time by ONE
player:
– Goal kick or corner kick
• … after a second touch by any player
(including the same player)
– Kickoff (goal awarded)
Offside violation or not?
An attacking player, in an offside position,
intercepts a pass from a defender intended
for that defender's goalkeeper.
NOT
Offside violation or not?
Two blue players (A and B) are standing
near the top of the goal area while a free
kick is taken by their teammate. The two
blue players do not move, the ball does not
touch Player A, and the free kick results in a
goal.
Player A
“interfered
with an
opponent”
Interfered with an opponent
• Prevented opponent from moving to the
ball, or
• Blocked goalkeeper’s view of the ball
True or False?
In determining if an offside violation
occurred, "interfering with play" means that
an attacking player in an offside position
touches the ball passed or touched by a
teammate.
TRUE
That’s the Definition
The “definition” of Interfering
With Play =
TOUCHES THE BALL
True or False?
While play is going on, a Blue player
deliberately leaves the field of play, leaving the
Blue team with fewer than 7 players. You must
stop the match and the advantage clause may
not be applied.
FALSE
Leaving field w/o permission = Misconduct
and
In case of misconduct advantage may be
applied
True or False?
For the purpose of determining if an attacker
is in an offside position, the position of the
attacker's head or feet matter, but not the
position of the attacker's arm.
TRUE
Any part of the body that can legally be
used to play the ball
What’s the Restart?
You stop play because a goalkeeper,
standing in the her own penalty area,
deliberately throws the ball at and strikes an
opponent standing just outside the penalty
area. The correct restart is:
• A) Direct Free Kick
• B) Penalty Kick
• C) Indirect Free Kick
• D) Dropped Ball
The Ball as a weapon
• Thrown object = extension of hand. So
throwing object is what kind of foul?
– DFK foul for “Striking an opponent”
• Where does the foul occur?
– Where the ball strikes (or would have struck)
the opponent
• What if the opponent was standing INSIDE
of the penalty area?
– PK
What’s the Restart?
While the ball is in play in the center circle, a
player touches the ball with a shin-guard held in
the player's hand. You should:
• A) allow play to continue.
• B) stop play and restart with an indirect free
kick.
• C) stop play and restart the game with a
dropped ball.
• D) stop play and restart the game with a
direct free kick.
• E) none of the answers are correct
Same concept as Thrown
Object
• Shinguard is an extension of the hand
• Can’t use shinguard, jersey or anything
else to circumvent “handling”
• What if a player deliberately throws a
shinguard and hits the ball with it?
– Deliberate handling
What’s the restart?
You have stopped play because a player, at
midfield, attempted to strike an opponent,
but missed. The correct restart is:
• A) Direct Free Kick
• B) Penalty Kick
• C) Indirect Free Kick
• D) Dropped Ball
What three actions are fouls if
there is only an “attempt” …?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kicks
Trips
Jumps at
Charges
Strikes
6. Pushes
7. Tackles
8. Holds
9. Spits
10.Handles
What’s the Restart?
You have stopped play because a player
spit at a teammate. The correct restart is:
• A) Direct Free Kick
• B) Penalty Kick
• C) Indirect Free Kick
• D) Dropped Ball
This always gives us trouble …
• Can you commit a foul against teammate?
– NO
• If you spit at a teammate, it constitutes …
– MISCONDUCT
• What’s the restart if we stop play for
misconduct?
– INDIRECT FREE KICK TO OPPONENT
– AT THE LOCATION OF THE MISCONDUCT
What’s the Restart?
You have stopped play because a defender
who is standing in his/her penalty area, struck
an opponent while the ball was in play at midfield. As the referee you should restart with a:
• A) Corner Kick
Restart where
• B) Goal Kick
the FOUL
• C) Penalty Kick
happens, not
• D) Direct Free Kick
• E) Indirect Free Kick where the ball is
What’s the Restart?
You have stopped play for a corner kick. While
waiting for the ball to be retrieved for the kick, a
defender pushes an attacking player in the
penalty area. You should restart play with a:
• A) Corner Kick
• B) Goal Kick
• C) Penalty Kick
• D) Direct Free Kick
• E) Indirect Free Kick
What’s the Restart?
You have stopped play because a
goalkeeper, within his/her penalty area,
showed dissent towards your decisions. The
correct restart is:
• A) Direct Free Kick
• B) Penalty Kick
• C) Indirect Free Kick
• D) Dropped Ball
Remember …
• Play stopped because of Dissent.
• Dissent is “misconduct”
• If play is stopped only to deal with
misconduct, the restart is?
– IFK to opposing team. Where?
– At the location of the misconduct (unless in
goal area)
What’s the Restart?
A goalkeeper catches and maintains
possession of the ball inside her own goal area
but is injured in the process. You stop the game
to allow a trainer to attend to the goalkeeper.
When ready, restart play with a:
A) Corner Kick
33% chose this answer
B) Goal Kick
C) Throw-in
D) Dropped ball
Let’s figure out why one is wrong
and one is right
• When do we give a goal kick?
– Ball crosses goal line
– Last touched by attacker
– No goal is scored
We don’t have these elements so no Goal Kick!
• So why IS it a dropped ball?
– Stoppage for injury = dropped ball restart
• How do we make it “fair?”
What’s the restart?
A blue player correctly throws the ball into play. You
stop play near midfield because the player who took
the throw-in then runs onto the field and handles the
ball to prevent an opponent from intercepting the
ball. No other player had touched the ball before this
action.
The correct restart is: • Two infractions – what are
• A) Direct Free Kick they?
• Double touch
• B) Penalty Kick
• C) Indirect Free Kick • Deliberate handling
• What does referee do?
• D) Dropped Ball
• Punish the more serious
Too many players
You can’t be awarded a
goal if you have too many
people on the field.
After a goal is scored and before play restarts,
you notice that there was an extra player on the
field of play when the goal was scored.
• A) if the extra player is on the team that
scored the goal, the referee must disallow the
goal
• B) if the player is on the team that was
scored on, the referee must allow the goal
• C) a and b are both correct.
• D) Neither a nor b is correct. BUT … you don’t get
punished because the other
team had too many people
on the field.
Advantage and restarts
Blue player #7 commits a cautionable offense
but you apply advantage and allows play to
continue. A minute later, the ball leaves the
field for a throw-in by the red team. Red player
#25 quickly gathers the ball and, seeing a
possible goal scoring opportunity, appears
eager to perform the throw-in. You should:
A) Allow play to continue and issue the caution
when play is next stopped.
B) Delay the restart in order to caution #7.
Advantage
• If we give “advantage,” when must we
punish misconduct?
– At the next stoppage of play
• What if we allow a restart?
– Can’t issue caution after that
• Should the referee let the throw-in proceed
and “skip” giving the caution? (Pros and
cons)
Infraction on PK
At a penalty kick, the kicker violates Law 14
after you signal for the kick to be taken, but
before the ball is kicked. You allow the kick
to proceed and the ball goes 5 yards wide of
the goal.
• A) Retake the penalty kick.
• B) Order a goal kick.
• C) Give an indirect free kick for the
defending team.
Penalty Kick Violations
• IF kicker or teammate “cheat”
• AND ball does not go into goal
• IFK for opponents (at location of cheat)
What if the ball DOES go into the goal?
• Retake the PK
SAME thing if the GK makes a
save
At the taking of a penalty kick, a teammate of the
kicker enters the penalty area after you gave the
signal for the kick, but before the kick was taken.
The kick is taken and the ball is saved by the
goalkeeper. You should restart play with a:
• A) Corner Kick
• B) Goal Kick
• C) Penalty Kick
• D) Direct Free Kick
• E) Indirect Free Kick
And once we know it’s an IFK,
where is the IFK taken?
An attacker illegally encroaches into the penalty
area at the taking of a penalty kick and the ball
is saved by the goalkeeper inside the goal
area. You decide to restart play with an indirect
free kick. The correct location for the restart is:
• A) on the penalty mark.
• B) where the ball was when the attacker
encroached.
• C) where the attacker entered the penalty
area.
• D) none of the other answers.
True or False?
When an indirect free kick is taken outside
the penalty area, the ball is in play when it is
kicked and moves.
TRUE
It’s “in play” – but not “goal eligible” until
there is a second touch.
True or False?
If a penalty kick has to be retaken for any
reason, the same player must retake the
kick.
FALSE
Any player can take any kick
True or False?
Red #6 is three yards away from the correct
location when taking a throw-in but the ball
fails to enter the field before striking the
ground. You decide to penalize the incorrect
position by giving the throw-in to the
opposing team.
This is the correct action.
TRUE
Recent Change in Interpretation
(ATR 15.4)
• If throw-in does not enter the field but was
Remember:
The
question
properly performed in all other respects
said, “Red #6 is three yards
…?
–
Team retakes
throw-in
away
fromthe
the
correct
•
location ….”
If the throw-in does not enter the field and
• Throw-in
was
not …?
proper
was
not performed
properly
• Throw
Throw
goes to
other team
–
in for opposing
team
True or False?
"Dangerous play" becomes an offense only
when an opponent is adversely affected.
TRUE
What 4 factors must be present for
an action to constitute a foul?
(For example, “holding” is a foul, but only if
the hold is …?)
1. Committed by a player
2. On the field of play
3. While the ball is in play
4. Against an opponent
Rules apply to both DFK and IFK fouls
What’s the restart?
Assume that the referee stopped play
because the goalkeeper collects a ball from
an opponent's throw-in, dribbles it into the
penalty area, and then picks the ball up to
throw it downfield. The correct restart is:
• A) Direct Free Kick
• B) Penalty Kick
• C) Indirect Free Kick
• D) Dropped Ball
Accept the question’s “facts”
• Throw in by opponent
• Goalie takes control of the ball (assume with
his feet) – legal?
• Goalie dribbles into penalty area – legal?
• Goalie picks up ball – legal?
• Referee blows whistle – correct stoppage?
• What’s the restart for “inadvertent whistle”
(AKA referee error”)?
• Dropped ball
Deflated ball
You award a penalty kick to the Blue team.
When Blue #55 kicks the ball, it deflates on its
way into the goal. You should:
A) stop further play, replace the ball, and restart
with a dropped ball where the ball was when
you stopped play.
B) suspend play until a replacement ball can be
found and then retake the penalty kick.
C) allow the goal to stand and restart with a
kickoff.
If the ball becomes defective during
play …
• The “normal” restart is what?
– Dropped ball
• *** BUT, in the case of a PK (or KFTM)
– After ball is kicked
– Before it leaves the field or touches the GK
– RETAKE the kick
Late Arriving Player
A team is playing short due to players not
arriving on time. You have delegated the
responsibility of checking player equipment to
the assistant referee on the team bench side.
After the assistant referee checks the player's
equipment, the player can enter the game:
A) Only at a stoppage in play
B) During play as long as the referee beckons
the player to enter the field
C) Only at a substitution opportunity for the
team
Areas where we need to make some changes
OTHER AREAS REQUIRING
OUR ATTENTION
Referees aren’t calling fouls
• League feedback (Buffalo and Rochester
at least)
– Referees are letting too many fouls go
– Older age divisions (U14+)
WE NEED TO ADDRESS
THE CONCERNS OF OUR
CUSTOMERS!
A foul is a foul – regardless of
level of play
• Law 12 defines fouls
– Holding is a foul in a U10 game
– Holding is a foul in an MLS game
• But do we call every game the same?
What gives us the authority to call
games differently?
Advice to Referees
5.5 TRIFLING INFRACTIONS
"The Laws of the Game are intended to
provide that games should be played with as
little interference as possible, and in this view
it is the duty of referees to penalize only
deliberate breaches of the Law. Constant
whistling for trifling and doubtful breaches
produces bad feeling and loss of temper on
the part of the players and spoils the pleasure
of spectators."
What is Trifling?
Summary of Advice to Referees
• Penalize only those violations that matter
• Applies to “all possible” violations
• Has no impact on play
• “… affected considerably by the skill level
of the players.”
Hey, it’s my game!
The referee decides what
is trifling.
But …
Does the league have any
input on that standard?
NEWS FLASH
Things WE need to change
• Raise our standard of “trifling”
• Our opinion on “how the game should be
played” – Irrelevant!
• (Youth) Players’ opinion has very little
bearing
• LEAGUES = Competition AUTHORITY
• Their direction: OUR DEFINITION OF
TRIFLING NEEDS TO CHANGE
How do we change?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Do we ever call fouls that “aren’t” fouls?
Concentrate on “physical” fouls
Advantage – be careful!
Don’t look for reasons to “not call it”
Ignore “Let them play” commentary
You’re sure it’s a foul, but not sure if it’s
trifling – MAKE THE CALL.
Position on Ceremonial FK
You’ve set the wall – now what?
• Don’t blow the whistle yet
• Get to where you want to be
– Where do you want to be?
Let’s look at some situations … “X” marks
the location of the kick.
Which position do you like?
Players
gathered
here
A
B
C
E
D
Which position do you like?
Players
gathered
here
A
B
C
E
D
Which position do you like?
Players
gathered
here
A
B
C
E
D
Which position do you like?
Players
gathered
here
A
B
C
E
D
Key Points on Free Kick
•
•
•
•
•
Get in position before you blow the whistle
Where is the action going to be?
Different view from AR
Close – not too close
Don’t be predictable