Use of the 2.4 GHz band is SA
Johan Smit
Executive: International and Spectrum Regulations
WAPA Future Wireless Technology Forum
17 September 2014
Overview
•
•
•
•
High level layout of 2.3/2.4 GHz band
Recap of a few definitions/terms
Band allocations and use
Future use of the band
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High level layout of 2.3/2.4 GHz band
100 MHz
40 channels x 2 MHz (80 MHz)
40 channels x 2 MHz (80 MHz)
2387 MHz
2307 MHz
2400 MHz
2360 MHz
2300 MHz
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Wi-Fi
Mobile/IMT
band
100 MHz (IMT)
Telkom TDD-LTE
2481 MHz
2401 MHz
2 x 80 MHz FDD
“2.3” GHz
band
PTMP-TDMA
systems
100 MHz
2483.5 MHz
“2.4” GHz
band
2500 MHz
2300 MHz
2400 MHz
ISM BAND
Some definitions/terms – recap (1/2)
• Primary vs secondary allocations in NRFP
– Primary services printed in capitals (e.g. FIXED)
– Secondary services printed “normal” (e.g. Mobile)
•
Secondary on NINP basis with regard to primary; cannot cause harmful interference
to stations of primary services and cannot claim protection from harmful interference
from stations of a primary service (existing or future)
• ISM - Industrial, Scientific and Medical
– “Operation of equipment or appliances designed to generate and use locally
radio frequency energy for industrial, scientific, medical or similar purposes,
excluding applications in the field of telecommunications”
– E.g. microwave ovens, RF welding, etc.
• ITU RR 5.150
– “The following bands:…2 400-2 500 MHz (centre frequency 2 450 MHz)…are
also designated for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) applications.
Radiocommunication services operating within these bands must accept
harmful interference which may be caused by these applications. ISM
equipment operating in these bands is subject to the provisions of No. 15.13”.
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Some definitions/terms – recap (2/2)
• EIRP:
– ITU RR 1.161 equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.): The product of the power
supplied to the antenna and the antenna gain in a given direction relative to an isotropic
antenna (absolute or isotropic gain).
• SRDs:
– In ITU-R Report SM.2153, defines the term short-range radio device as radio
transmitters which provide either unidirectional or bidirectional communication and which
have low capability of causing interference to other radio equipment. Such devices are
permitted to operate on a non-interference and non-protected basis.
– E.g. include Telecommand/Telemetry; RLANs; Automatic Vehicle Identification; RTTT;
wireless microphones; alarms; model control; RFID; etc.
– Introduction of SRDs are done carefully considering all current and possible future uses
of the band; different rules apply in different geographical areas.
• ETSI EN 300 328 (Wide Band Data Transmission equipment)
– Examples of Wide Band Data Transmission equipment include IEEE 802.11™ RLANs,
Bluetooth® wireless technologies, Zigbee™, etc.
– RF Output power: The maximum RF output power for adaptive Frequency Hopping
equipment shall be equal to or less than 20 dBm; This limit shall apply for any
combination of power level and intended antenna assembly.
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Band allocations and use
•
Telkom’s 2.4 GHz TDMA network
.
Telkom must coordinate with other primary users
FDD
Paired
Telkom’s 2.3 GHz LTE network
ISM applications (e.g. Microwave ovens)
Unlicensed but regulated Wi-Fi
and other devices
Secondary use also allowed, NINP basis
Historical and current use of the band
• Telkom’s bulk deployment of PTMP TDMA networks in the 2.4 GHz band
between 1991 – 2004;
• The use of the 2.4 GHz band included in Telkom’s “Bulk” spectrum licence
issued 7 May 1997;
• 2.4 GHz band/technology ideal for rural deployments; voice and data
services to farms, schools, police stations, etc.
• Telkom decided to migrate PTMP systems from this band because of
interference issues but also to deploy IMT (LTE);
• Currently approximately 5500 TDMA PTMP terminals remains nationally;
• Telkom, like many others, also uses the band 2400-2483.5 MHz
extensively for Wi-Fi services on a licence exempt basis (Radio
Frequency Spectrum Regulations, Annexure B (GG 34172 dated 31
March 2011)
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Current 2.4 GHz PTMP TDMA network
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License exempt use of band
• Radio Frequency Spectrum Regulations, Annexure B (GG 34172 dated 31 March
2011) specifies the radio apparatus (and associated conditions) that could be
deployed in the band 2400-2483.5 MHz without a spectrum licence;
• SA use of this band in line with CEPT Rec 70-03 (SRDs);
• Specified standards adopted by SABS and prescribed in ICASA’s Official List of
Regulated Standards; used for Type Approval of equipment;
• Several applications specified; most prominent is WLAN/RLAN:
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Future use of the band 2400-2483.5 MHz
• Telkom is in the process of migrating its PTMP TDMA
networks;
• The continued use of the band 2400-2483.5 MHz for Wi-Fi
must be ensured and protected;
• Although licenced and coordinated use of the band is allowed
according to ITU Article 5 and SA table of frequency
allocations, this use in future should be considered with care
to ensure that licence exempt Wi-Fi use is protected.
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