Chapter 3 Study Guide
Today’s assignment:
•For 35 minutes, work independently and silently
(without any notes) on the study guide.
•For the remaining 15 minutes, use your notes, quiz, and
lab experience to check your work.
Tomorrow:
•You will work as teams for the first 15 minutes to check
your work, then I will review any questions you still have.
Vocabulary
1.
A velocity-time graph shows how velocity is related to time.
2.
The change in velocity of an object at an instant of time is its
instantaneous acceleration.
3.
The rate at which an object's velocity changes is its acceleration.
4.
The motion of falling objects when air resistance is negligible is
called free fall.
5.
The average acceleration of an object is the change in velocity
during some measurable time interval divided by that time
interval.
6.
The acceleration of an object in free fall that results from the
influence of Earth's gravity is acceleration due to gravity.
Velocity-time graphs
7.
Which has the greater acceleration,
Object A or B? How do you know?
Object B has the greater acceleration b/c it
has a positive slope and Object A has a
slope of zero.
8.
Which of these objects has negative
acceleration? How do you know?
Object C is the only object with a negative
slope.
9.
Which of these objects started its
motion from rest? Which object
comes to a complete stop? Explain
your answers.
Only object B has an initial velocity of zero.
Original question has been changed due to bad wording.
Velocity-time graphs
10. Object D crosses the axis while
maintaining a constant positive
acceleration. What does this
indicate?
Object D was initially moving
backwards, slowed to a stop,
then began moving forward.
11. Object A and Object E both
have a constant velocity and
acceleration of zero. What is
different between these two?
They are moving in opposite
directions and Object A is
moving faster than Object B.
v-t graphs vs d-t graphs
12. Which graph(s) show a car that is not moving?
graph
0
1
2
t
graph
4
t
3
t
5
graph
6
0
0
0
graph
0
0
t
graph
graph
t
t
v-t graphs vs d-t graphs
13. Which graph(s) show a car that is moving
“backwards” or toward the origin?
graph
0
1
2
t
graph
4
t
3
t
5
graph
6
0
0
0
graph
0
0
t
graph
graph
t
t
v-t graphs vs d-t graphs
14. Which graph(s) show a car that is moving
“forward” or away from the origin?
graph
0
1
2
t
graph
4
t
3
t
5
graph
6
0
0
0
graph
0
0
t
graph
graph
t
t
v-t graphs vs d-t graphs
15. Which graph(s) show a car that is speeding up?
graph
0
1
2
t
graph
4
t
3
t
5
graph
6
0
0
0
graph
0
0
t
graph
graph
t
t
v-t graphs vs d-t graphs
16. Which graph(s) show a car that is slowing down?
graph
0
1
2
t
graph
4
t
3
t
5
graph
6
0
0
0
graph
0
0
t
graph
graph
t
t
v-t graphs vs d-t graphs
17. Which graph(s) show a car that is moving at a
constant speed?
graph
0
1
2
t
graph
4
t
3
t
5
graph
6
0
0
0
graph
0
0
t
graph
graph
t
t
v-t graphs vs d-t graphs
18. Which graph(s) show a car with positive velocity?
graph
0
1
2
t
graph
4
t
3
t
5
graph
6
0
0
0
graph
0
0
t
graph
graph
t
t
v-t graphs vs d-t graphs
19. Which graph(s) show a car with negative velocity?
graph
0
1
2
t
graph
4
t
3
t
5
graph
6
0
0
0
graph
0
0
t
graph
graph
t
t
v-t graphs vs d-t graphs
20. Which graph(s) show a car with positive
acceleration?
graph
0
1
2
t
graph
4
t
3
t
5
graph
6
0
0
0
graph
0
0
t
graph
graph
t
t
v-t graphs vs d-t graphs
21. Which graph(s) show a car with negative
acceleration?
graph
0
1
2
t
graph
4
t
3
t
5
graph
6
0
0
0
graph
0
0
t
graph
graph
t
t
v-t graphs vs d-t graphs
22. Which graph(s) show a car with no acceleration?
graph
0
1
2
t
graph
4
t
3
t
5
graph
6
0
0
0
graph
0
0
t
graph
graph
t
t
CPO Acceleration Lab
Velocity
Position
• Draw the graph(s) for a car rolling down a hill (like
in the lab). Neither graph should start at (0,0).
Time
Time
True/False
1.
TRUE Freefall is the motion of a falling object when the air resistance is negligible.
2.
TRUE Acceleration due to gravity is the same for objects of different sizes.
3.
TRUE Acceleration due to gravity is always downward.
4.
29.4m/s If you drop a rock (freefall), its velocity after 3.00 s will be 19.6 m/s.
5.
TRUE The decision to treat acceleration due to gravity as positive or negative
depends on the coordinate system you use.
6.
AT THE SAME TIME (Ignoring friction) A heavier object will fall to the ground
faster than a lighter one.
7.
4X If it takes twice as long for a rock to hit the ground off of two different
buildings, the taller building was about twice as tall as the shorter one.
8.
TRUE On the moon, objects accelerate at about 1/6 of the value of gravity on
Earth.