More than a Decade of Corn GM Crops
Biotechnologies in the Philippines
“10+ Years of Raising Productivity and Incomes of Smallholder Corn
Farmers, Achieving Feedstock Self-Sufficiency, Providing Secure and
Quality Meats to Consumers and Caring for the Environment”
Butch Umengan – Executive Director
The National Corn Competitiveness Board
• Mandates: AFMA and the establishment of private sector
led commodity boards to be consulted and partnered
with government
• Composition: Multi-stakeholders, all main players in the
sector’s supply chain
• Established in November 13, 2002 (SEC REGISTRATION)
Producers
Assemblers
SemiProcessors
End Users
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Name:
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Ms. Doris Magsaysay-Ho
Chairperson
Engr. Roger Navarro
Ms. Rosalie Ellasus
Atty. Ibarra Malonzo
Jonas George Soriano
Ayi Hernandez
Richard Rejas
Oliver Aldeviso
Jojo Elvira Jr.
Charina Garido-Ocampo
Mr. Jet Parma
Allan Uy
BM Domingo
Kristian Haraldseth
John Calleja
Mr. Ronnie Balolong
Ms. Aileen Uy
Mr. Rod Bioco
Mr. Emmanuel Salvador
Mr. Edgardo Abesamis
Mr. Benjamin Akol
Mr. Ramon Atayde
Mr. Jose Go Jr.
Mr. Bob Gothong
Capt. Romeo Malig
Mr. Jay Olivarez
Mr. James Go
Mr. Emil Tiu
Dr. Norman Ramos
Mr. Ed Aller
Mr. Edwin Chen
Mr. Joji San Diego
Atty. Bong Inciong
Jojie Angeles
Reuel Virtucio
Mr. Niki Briones
Mr. Rico Geron
Peter Unabia
Sharon Tan
Nelson Pual
Mr. Noel Taguba
Mr. Willy Maldia
Mr. Bong Baniqued
Dr. Art Salazar
Hon. Sec. Proceso Alcala (Honorary Chair)
Dir. ASEC Ed de Luna (Honorary Vice Chair)
Sub-sector Represented:
Shipping
Farmers PO
Farmers PO
Farmers NGO
Farmers NGO
Farmers NGO
Farmers NGO
Farmers PO
Farmers PO
Seeds/Inputs
Seeds/Inputs
Seeds/Inputs
Seeds/Inputs
Fertilizer/Inputs
Fertilizer/Inputs
Assembler
Assembler
Farmer PO/Assemb
Assembler
Ports
Ports
Ports
Shipping
Shipping
Shipping
Shipping
Shipping
Shipping
End User
End User
End User
End User
End User
End User
End User
End User
End User
End User
End User
End User
GOCC
GOCC
GOCC
GOCC
Government
Government
Company/Office
Magsaysay Shipping and Philippine Interisland Shipping Association (PISA)
Philippine Maize Federation (Phil Maize)
Kasakalikasan Farmers Cooperative – Phil Maize
Kasanyangan-Mindanao Foundation Inc. (KFI)
Ploughshares Inc. – Phil Maize
Balay Mindanao
KPMFI
Impasugong Samahang Nayon MPC – Phil Maize
Bicol Corn Farmers Board – Phil Maize
Monsanto Philippines
Pioneer Hi-Bred Philippines
Asian Hybrids
Corn World
Yara Fertilizers Phils.
Planters Products
Cauayan Grains
La Filipina Uygongco Corp.
Mindanao Grains
N.G. Salvador Grains
International Container Terminal Services, Inc (ICTSI)
Philippine Chamber of Arrastre & Stevedoring Operators (PCASO)
Asian Terminals Inc. (ATI)
Oceanic Container Lines Inc.
Aboitiz Transport Group Inc.
Lorenzo Shipping Lines
NMC Container Lines
Sulpicio Lines, Inc.
Solid Shipping Lines
Philippine Association of FeedMillers Inc. (PAFMI)
San Miguel Corporation (SMC)
National Federation of Hog Farmers Inc. (NFHFI)
United Broilers Association (UBRA), National Egg Board
United Broilers Association
Vitarich Corp.
Manok Mabuhay – Bounty Fresh
LIMCOMA
SIDC Cooperative and Batangas Corn Forum
Anakciano/Manok ni Sr. Pedro
Foremost Farms Inc.
Batangas Feed Millers Cooperative
Development Bank of the Philippines (DBP)
LandBank of the Philippines (LBP)
National Agribusiness Corporation (NABCOR)
Institute of Plant Breeding UP at Los Banos
Department of Agriculture (DA)
DA Agri Pinoy Corn Program
The National Corn
Competitiveness Board
Integrated Vision and Mission (2008)
• The Corn Board Vision (2008) is a united, integrated, selfsustaining, environmentally friendly, competitive and
profitable industry with significant increase in yearly
performance level in both volume and value; ensuring an
equitable share of wealth for corn poultry and livestock
farmers and producers; and providing the Filipino
consumer with quality and affordable meats to encourage
higher per capita meat consumption
• The Corn Board Mission is to advance and develop our
industry resources, research, technology and infrastructure
for growth, increased productivity, market and product
development, farmer and consumer training and
education.
The National Corn Competitiveness Board
Strategies:
• Investments Promotion in Production, Post Harvest
Facilities and Logistics in the Corn Industry; Direct
Technical Assistance
• Competitiveness Program Initiatives to Make the
Industry and Its End Users World Class
• New Technologies and New Markets Development and
Promotion
• Policy Advocacy for the Growth and Advancement of
the Corn Sub-Sector
• Resource Mobilization and Financing Facilitation to
Fuel Industry Stakeholders’ Enterprises
Total Number of Approved Single Events
for cultivation – 6 corn events
GM Single Corn Events for
Propagation
Bt Corn:
MON 810
Bt 11
TC1507
Roundup Ready
NK603
GA21
Advance Bt
MON 89034
Source: BPI, as of August 2014
Total Number of Approved Stacked
Events for cultivation – 6 stacked corn
events
GM Stacked Corn Events for
Propagation
MON810 x NK603
Bt11 x GA21
MON89034 x NK603
TC1507 x MON 810 x NK603
TC1507 x MON810
TC1507 x NK603
Source: BPI, as of August 2014
GM Crop Approvals

Traits of GM crops being planted (12 regulated articles)
- 4 insect resistant corn
(MON810, Bt11, MON89034, TC1507)
- 2 herbicide tolerant corn (NK603 and GA21)
- 6 stacked trait corn - (MON810xNK603, Bt11xGA21
MON89034xNK603,
TC1507xMON810xNK603, TC1507xMON810,
TC1507xMON810)
 Traits of GM crops approved for FFP
( 32 single events and 32 stacked trait products)
corn, cotton, potato, soybean, alfalfa, canola, sugar beet, rice
Source: BPI, August 2014
Total Number of Approved Single Events – 32 single
GM Crop
No. of Event/s
Approved
Soybean
9
Herbicide tolerant
Canola
1
Herbicide tolerant
Potato
1
Virus resistant
Rice
1
Herbicide tolerant
Alfalfa
1
Herbicide tolerant
Cotton
4
Insect resistant, Herbicide
tolerant
Corn
14
Insect resistant, Herbicide
tolerant
Sugarbeet
1
Herbicide tolerant
Source: BPI, as of August 2014
Trait of GM Crop
Total Number of Approved Stacked Events – 32 stacked
genes
Source: BPI, as of August 2014
GM Crop
No. of Event/s
Approved
Cotton
3
Soybean
1
Corn
28
10+ Years of Corn GM Crops and Biotechnology:
Summary Effects and Impact
• Increased productivities on corn lands mostly smallholders ( 2
hectares below corn farmers; Agrarian 3 hectares.)
• Increased incomes of smallholder corn farmers
• Helped Close the gap between local corn feedstock demand and
local supply
• Resulted in lesser and lesser feedstock supply insecurity and
helped in food self-sufficiency (meats/proteins)
• Dairy and Cattle pressure on sparse pasture (land and water)
resources eased through Silage Corn
• Contributed to protection of land and soil resource conservation
and lowering of greenhouse gas emissions and overall protection
of the environment
Biotech Corn Farmers Benefits in the Philippines
Lower production costs
• 60 percent reduction in pesticide use (Yorobe and Quicoy, 2006)
• Lower labor costs associated with weeding and spraying
Higher yields harvested
• Projected to have a yield advantage of up to 41 percent over non-Bt corn
(Gonzales, 2002, as cited by Yorobe and Quicoy, 2006)
• Bt corn has 34 percent more harvests than non-Bt (Yorobe and Quicoy, 2006)
Additional profit/Income advantages per hectare from Bt maize
Additional profit/Income advantage
adoption, based
Authors
on various studies
Gonzales, 2005, as cited by Dry season: Php 7,482 or $135
James, 2008
Yorobe and Quicoy, 2006
Gonzales, 2007
Wet season: Php 7,080 or $125
Php 10,132 or about $218
Income advantage during dry season: 20-48%
Income advantage during wet season: 5-14%
Gonzales, 2009
Income advantage during dry season: 1-75%
Income advantage during wet season: 3-75%
Bayambang Farms June 2014, Averaged per 1 Ha.
Farm Revenues (7 MT Grains x P 14/kg. Farm Gate Price)
98,000.00
Farm Production Costs
47,270.00
Land Prep
3,500.00
Seeds
9,100.00
Fertilizers
15,920.00
Glyphosate
800.00
Irrigation
7,250.00
Labor Planting
1,250.00
Labor Harvesting
4,500.00
Labor Maintenance
450.00
Sacks (300 sacks x P 15.00)
4,500.00
Net Farm Incomes
50,730.00
CORN PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE, 2003-2013
8.00
7.38
7.00
6.00
Million MT
5.00
5.25
4.62
4.00
3.00
2.56
2.00
2.13
2.05
1.00
2003
2004
AAGR
Source:
PSA-BAS
2005
2006
2007
Combined 5.11%
2008
2009
White 0.53%
2010
2011
2012
Yellow 8.02%
2013
CORN AREA HARVESTED, 2003-2013
3.00
2.56
2.50
2.41
Million HA
2.00
1.50
1.00
1.29
1.56
1.28
0.84
0.50
2003
2004
AAGR
Source:
PSA-BAS
2005
2006
2007
Combined 0.68%
2008
2009
2010
White (1.96%)
2011
2012
Yellow 4.55%
2013
CORN AVERAGE YIELD, 2003-2013
4.50
4.08
4.00
3.50
3.03
2.88
MT/HA
3.00
2.50
2.00
1.92
1.50
1.00
1.67
1.31
0.50
2003
2004
AAGR
Source:
PSA-BAS
2005
2006
2007
Combined 4.25%
2008
2009
2010
White 2.50%
2011
2012
Yellow 3.10%
2013
Corn Production in the Philippines, 2000-2012
8,000,000
Hectares I metric tons
Start of biotech corn
propagation
6,000,000
Yield (tons per hectare)
7,000,000
3.00
2.50
2.00
5,000,000
4,000,000
1.50
3,000,000
1.00
2,000,000
0.50 Corn Area (ha)
1,000,000
Corn Production (mt)
0
0.00
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Source: DA-Bureau of Agricultural Statistics
Yield (mt/ha)
YELLOW CORN SUPPLY & DEMAND, 2003-2013
6,000
5,287
VOLUME ('000 MT)
5,000
5,248
3,975
4,000
3,000
2,000
2,563
1,196
1,050
1,000
303
99
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
YC Import
FW Import
Local Demand
ource: PSA-BAS, LDC, PAFMI
Theoretically 99.6% sufficient in yellow corn.
Local Production
GM Corn Plantings from 2003-2012
800,000
700,000
600,000
500,000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source: BPI, 2013
Estimated no. of biotech or GM corn farmers in
the Philippines, 2006-2012 (James, 2013)
400,000
350,000
300,000
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
GM Adoption by Trait (BPI, 2003-2011)
700000
Total Hectarage
Bt
600000
RR
500000
Stacked
400000
Pyramided
300000
200000
Pyramided
100000
Stacked
0
RR
2003
Traits/Events
Bt
RR
2004
2005
2006
2007
Bt
2008
2009
2010
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Grand Total
10,769
59,756
50,009
96,800
26,493
122,613
120,023
81,751.5
51,485
48,037.5
46,809
40,235
8,689.5
21,205
15,038
531,176
268,537.5
4,580
71,279
214,503
232,475
493,598
643,665
1,660,099
5,463.5
5,463.5
685,372
2,465,276
Stacked
Pyramided
Grand Total
2011
10,769
59,756
50,009
127,873
313,915
347,740
327,321
542,522
Total GM Adoption (BPI, 2003-2011)
700,000
685,372
600,000
Total Hectarage
500,000
542,522
400,000
300,000
313,915
347,740
327,321
200,000
100,000
10,769
59,756
127,873
50,009
2003
Total
2003
10,769
2004
59,756
2004
2005
50,009
2005
2006
2006
127,873
2007
2007
313,915
2008
2009
2008
347,740
2010
2009
327,321
2011
2010
542,522
2011
685,372
CORN PRODUCTION BY REGION, 2013
1,800.0
1,660
1,600.0
VOLUME ('000 MT)
1,400.0
1,200.0
1,036
1,000.0
830
800.0
519
600.0
395
400.0
222
200.0
0.0
Source:
355
270
266
170
175
173
CORN AREA BY VARIETY, 2011
TOTAL AREA: 2,544,613 HA
Source: BAS, BPI
Safer Local Environment
• No negative effect on insect population in Bt corn
fields (Reyes, 2004)
• Increase in the population of beneficial insects (i.e.
beetles, spiders, ladybugs) (Javier et al., 2004, as cited
by James, 2009)
• Zero Tillage Technologies has helped conserve soil and
water resources
• BPI Biosafety Certificates (GM Corn overall and specific
Events) – safe for human and animal consumption
At Monsanto’s North Carolina lab, corn plants emerge from an automated photo booth
that documents their growth. The company is trying to develop strains of corn and
soybeans that need less water and fertilizer—a goal that’s eluded biotech thus far.
Reducing the use of such resources is key to feeding the world in the coming decades.
George Steinmetz, National Geographic
Other GM Crops in the Philippine Biotech
Pipeline:
- Bt Eggplant (Insect Resistant)
- Golden Rice (Beta Carotene  Vitamin A)
Hurdles and Challenges Ahead
•Old Local Government Ordinances Banning GM Crop
Trials and Activities Exist in Bohol, Negros and Mindoro
•House Bill on Mandatory GM Labeling of Products is
Pending
•Some 65% of our corn farmers still need to educated and
trained on GM and Biotechnology
•Information and Education is needed to spread the news
of GM Crops and Biotechnologies to the general populace
Thank You and Good Day