technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Engine For the Next Generation Network
Faqir Zarrar Yousaf, Christian Müller and Christian Wietfeld
3rd ACM/ICST International OMNeT++ Workshop 2010,
March 19, 2010, Malaga, Spain
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Agenda

Introduction
 Mobility Management in Next Generation Networks (NGN)
 History of Project xMIPv6 – Motivation & Design Concepts

Standard Mobility Management Protocols – Short Tutorial
 Mobile IPv6 and its shortcomings
 Fast Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6) Protocol
 Hierarchical MIPv6 (HMIPv6) Protocol

Project xMIPv6 Extension
 Mobility Management Simulation Engine for IPv6 Networks (MMSEv6)
 Design concept
 Implementation concept

Performance Results
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 2
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Next Generation Wireless Network (NGWN):
Requirements & Challenges

Heterogeneous wireless access technologies (WATs)
 UMTS, HSPA, Wi-Fi, GSM/GPRS, EDGE, WiMAX etc.
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Seamless integration with the IP based Internet
Ubiquitous communication (anytime, anywhere and with any technology)
services
IPv6 - internetworking technology of choice
Global roaming of MNs supporting

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Multihomed devices
Minimum handover delay
Minimum packet loss
QoS: end-to-end
Low transmission costs
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 3
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Mobility Management in NGN: A Snapshot
Home Agent
(HA)
Foreign
Home Network
IPv6 Router
IPv6 Router
Correspondent Node (CN)
IPv6 Core Network
Access Router (AR 1.a)
802.11x
Access Router (AR 1.b)
802.11x
Access Router (AR 2.a)
802.11x
802.16x
UMTS
Sattelite
Network
Mobile Node (MN)
Inter-domain / Inter-technology
L3 Vertical Handover
Intra-domain / Intra-technology
L2 Horizontal Handover
Same Administrative Domain
Inter-domain / Intra-technology
L3 Vertical Handover
Intra-domain / Inter-technology
L2 Vertical Handover (multihoming)
Different Administrative Domain
Slide 4
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Mobility Management


Maintains ongoing connections to the Internet while the MN is moving
between networks.
Location Management Services
 Provides the current location of the MN‘s point of attachement in the Internet

Handover Management Services


Ensures the transfer of a MN‘s active connection from one access network (or
subnet) to a new one.
Seamless Handover
 Minimum delay
 Minimum packet loss
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 5
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Handover
Packets Delivered
Case 2
Internet
Case 1
Zone B
∆PL
Zone A
AP1
AP2
∆Td
Φ
∆Td
Time
Mobile Node (MN)
∆Td : Handover Delay (Black Out Period)
∆ PL : Packet Loss
Φ : Connection Establishment time
• Case 1: handover delay + zero packet loss
• appreciable buffering; ∆Td < (connection session time out)
•Case 2: handover delay, finite packet loss
• (reduced buffering capability), ∆Td > (connection session time out)
•Challenge: [∆ Td ; ∆ PL ] ≈ 0 → Seamless Handover
Slide 6
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
What is Mobile IP (MIP)
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Mobility management protocol for handling global mobility at the IP layer
(L3)
Global roaming while maintaining upper layer connectivity
Mobile Node (MN) always addressable by its HoA (Home Address)
MN obtain Care-of Address (CoA) in visited networks
MIPv4 for IPv4 networks (RFC 3344)
MIPv6 for IPv6 networks (RFC 3775) – A popular choice for NGN
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 7
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Mobile Node
MIPv6 Protocol
Summary
Access Router
Home Agent
Correspondent Node
RS
Router Discovery
& Address
Autoconfiguration
RA
RA
RA
NS
DAD
BU
Home
Registeration
BA
IPv6-in-IPv6 Tunnel
HoTI
HoTI
CoTI
Return Routability
RS: Router Solicitation
RA: Router Advertisement
NS: Neighbor Solicitation
BU: Binding Update
BA: Binding Acknowledge
HoTI: Home Test Init
HoT: Home Test
CoTI: Care-of Test Init
CoT: Care-of Test
DAD: Duplicate Address
Detection
HoT
HoT
CoT
BU
Correspondent
Registeration
BA
Slide 8
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
MIPv6: Data Structures
Mobile Node
Binding
Update List
IPv6Address New_Care_Of_Address
IPv6Address Destination_Address
IPv6Address Home_Address
double
Binding_Lifetime
double
Binding_Expiry_Time
double
Binding_Sent_Time
uint
Sequence_Number
bool
Binding_Acknowledgement
double
Sent_Time_HoTI
double
Sent_Time_CoTI
uint
Cookie_HoTI
uint
Cookie_CoTI
uint
KeyGen_Token
uint
Nonce_Indices
double
Token_Receive_Time
double
Indices_Receive_Time
Home Agent
Binding
Cache
IPv6Address
IPv6Address
IPv6Address
IPv6Address
New_Care_Of_Address
Destination_Address
Home_Address
Home_Agent_Address
Correspondent Node
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 9
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Performance Issues with MIPv6 and Respective Standard Solutions
MIPv6
(RFC 3775)
No Support for
Multihoming
MONAMI6
(in process)
No Support for nonMIPv6 Legacy Nodes
Proxy-MIPv6
(RFC 5213)
No Support for Mobile
Networks
NEMO
(RFC 3963)
High Binding Signaling
Load
HMIPv6
(RFC 5380)
High Handover Latency
Packet Loss
FMIPv6
(RFC 5268)
Candidate Access
Router Discovery
CARD
(RFC 4066)
Slide 10
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Fast MIPv6 (FMIPv6) Protocol
Summary
Slide 11
technische universität
dortmund
MN
PAR
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
NAR
CARD
Server
CARD Server Cache
MN-AR Req [*]
AR-AR Rep [L2 + L3 ID]
AP1 (L2-ID)  PAR (IP)
CARD
Server
AP2 (L2-ID)  NAR (IP)
MN-AR Rep [*]
CARD Delay
Resolve L2-ID ?
Resolve L2-ID ?
Internet
L2-ID + IP Addr
L2-ID
+
IP Addr
+
Capabilities
Handover Req
Capabilities ?
Home Network /
Visit Network
Visit Network
Capabilities
PAR
NAR
Handover Initiate
AP1
Handover Ack
AP2
Tunnel
Mobile Node (MN)
Handover Ack
Connect to NAR
Packet Forwarding
PAR: Present Access Router
NAR: Next Access Router
Candidate
AR
Discovered
as
NAR
Request
Bootup
L2
Reverse
Fast
Trigger:
HOTime:
Process
Address
MN
ARs
Receive
Initiates
Translation
register
AP2’s
with
(RAT)
MAC
the Address
CARD Server
in a beacon message
Capabilities
Discovery
Slide 12
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Hierarchical MIPv6 (HMIPv6)
Protocol Summary
Slide 13
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Hierarchical MIPv6
Protocol Summary
6. CN
Registration
Home Agent
IPv6 Router
5. HA
Registration
Correspondent Node (CN)
IPv6 Core Network
5. Data
Packets
7. Data
Packets
MAP Domain A
MAP Domain B
4. MAP
Registration
MAPA
4. MAP
Registration
MAPB
2. Router
Advertisement
Access Router (AR a.1)
Access Router (AR a.2)
Access Router (AR b.1)
Access Router (AR b.2)
2. Router
Advertisement
1. MN Enters
ARa.1
802.11x
802.11x
802.11x
802.16x
802.11x
3.Build LCoA
802.11x
802.11x
802.11x
3.Build RCoA & LCoA
1. MN Enters
AR a.2
Mobile Node (MN)
Slide 14
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Project xMIPv6

Research Focus
 Fast Handovers in IP Based
Heterogeneous Wireless Access
Networks – Communication Networks
Institute
 IP Mobility for Aviation – DLR

A Simulation model for IETF’s MIPv6
protocol
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 15
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Histroy & Motivation of Project xMIPv6

To develop a comprehensive IPv6 based Mobility Management simulation
framework for OMNeT++.


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

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Reliable
Simple
Extensible
Scalable
Accurate
Code Compliant with the rest of INET framework.
Extend the present INET framework and build on top of the existing IPv6,
ICMPv6 and IPv6 Neighbor Discovery protocol implementation of INET.
INETWithMIPv6 released in 2008 – obsoletes IPv6SuiteWithINET
Reliable and accurate simulation model of MIPv6 only
 Performance validated against a real MIPv6 test bed.

Widely used and popular with students and researchers
 Citations = 08

Presented in 1st International OMNeT++ workshop in 2008
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 16
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
MMSEv6 Simulation Environment
Slide 17
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Main Modules - 1
IPv6
Protocol
ICMPv6
Protocol
Architecture of the MIPv6
Enabled Network Layer
MIPv6,
FMIPv6,
HMIPv6
CARD
Protocol
IPv6 Neighbor
Discovery Protocol
Generic IPv6
Tunneling
Architecture of a Mobile
Node (MN) with Binding
Update List
Slide 18
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Main Modules - 2
Architecture of a Correspondent
Node (CN) with Binding Cache
Architecture of a Home Agent
(HA) with Binding Cache
Architecture of the MN’s
IEEE802.11b NIC Model
Slide 19
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
MMSEv6 Message Modeling
Class Hierarchy of FMIPv6 Neighbor
Discovery Messages
Class Hierarchy of MIPv6, FMIPv6 & HMIPv6
Mobility Messages
Class Hierarchy of CARD Protocol
Messages
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 20
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Retransmission Timers
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 21
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Performance Results –
HMIPv6 vs. MIPv6 (Signaling Load) - I
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 22
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Performance Results –
HMIPv6 vs. MIPv6 (Signaling Load) - II
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 23
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Performance Results – FMIPv6 vs. MIPv6
MIPV6 Handover Performance
FMIPV6 Handover Performance
Slide 24
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Conclusions





A reliable and accurate mobility management simulation framework for
researchers
Enable rapid prototyping of MIPv6 based protocols (HIP, PMIPv6, NEMO
etc.)
INET compliant coding standards
Strict conformance to the Internet Engineering Task Force’s (IETF) RFC
standards
Realistic modeling of
 Protocol messages
 Message & event timers



Accuracy of the base performance validated against real MIPv6 test bed
Interoperable with any wireless access technology.
Widely adopted by researchers (08 Citations – Google Scholar)
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 25
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Thank You For Your Attention
?
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 26
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
BACKUP SLIDES
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 27
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Validation Experiments
CNI-MIPv6 Test Bed
Validation
mobile-ipv6.org
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 28
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
xMIPv6 – Simulation Demonstration
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 29
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Existing Implementation
IPv6SuiteWithINET – An IPv6/MIPv6 Implementation by Monash University, Australia
xMIPv6 – An MIPv6 Implementation by TU Dortmund, Germany and DLR, Germany
IPv6 & MIPv6 Protocol Kernel in IPv6SuiteWithINET
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
IPv6 & MIPv6 Protocol Kernel in xMIPv6
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 30
March 19, 2010
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Validation Results
Comparison between Various Delay
Incurring Components
Minimum and Maximum Values of the RA Interval
(in seconds) for the Three Reference Test Runs
5,00
Correspondent Registration Delay
Return Routability Delay
Home Registration Delay
Movement Detection Delay
Handover Delay (sec)
4,00
3,00
2,00
1,00
0,00
CNI-MIPv6
xMIPv6 Sim
Test 1
Table 2. Handover Latency Comparison between the
Real Test Bed and Simulation Model for the Three
Reference Test Runs
CNI-MIPv6
xMIPv6 Sim
Test 2
CNI-MIPv6
xMIPv6 Sim
Test 3
Test Run
Handover Delay Comparison
Handover Delay (sec)
CNI-MIPv6 Test Bed
xMIPv6 Simulation Test Bed
4,50
3,50
2,50
1,50
1
2
3
Test Run
Slide 31
technische universität
dortmund
Communication Networks Institute
Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Wietfeld
Implemented RFCs

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RFC 2460 – “Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification”
RFC 3513 – “Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Addressing Architecture ”
RFC 4862 – ”IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration”
RFC 3587 - “IPv6 Global Unicast Address Format”
RFC 2463 – “Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol
Version 6 (IPv6) Specification”
RFC 4861 – ”Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6)”
RFC 3775 – “ Mobility Support in IPv6 ”
RFC 2473 – “Generic Packet Tunneling in IPv6 Specification”
RFC 4068 – “Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6”
RFC 4066 – “Candidate Access Router Discovery (CARD)”
RFC 4140 – ”Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Mobility Management (HMIPv6)”
RFC 3963 – “Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support Protocol NEMO”
MONAMI – In Progress
Proxy MIPv6 – In Progress
3rd International OMNeT++ Workshop
Malaga, Spain
A Comprehensive MIPv6 Based Mobility Management
Simulation Framework for the Next Generation Network
Slide 32
March 19, 2010