1.
About NFHS-3
2.
Household and individual haracteristics
3.
Fertility, marriage and family planning
4.
Maternal health
5.
Immunization and child health care
6.
Nutritional status
7.
HIV knowledge, behaviour and prevalence
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

 NFHS-3 is the third in the NFHS series of surveys, preceded by NFHS-1 in 1992-93 and NFHS-2 in 1998-99
 NFHS surveys are conducted under the stewardship of MoHFW
 IIPS is the nodal agency for the National
Family Health Surveys
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Contd.…
 NFHS-3 is funded by USAID, DFID, the Bill and
Melinda Gates Foundation, UNICEF, and UNFPA
 Macro International provided technical assistance to
NFHS-3
 NACO and NARI provided assistance for the HIV component
 NFHS-3 fieldwork was carried out by 18 Research
Organizations including some Population Research
Centres
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

 All 29 states are covered
 Slum and non-slum areas of eight cities, i.e. Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad,
Indore, Kolkata, Meerut, Mumbai,
Nagpur
 Interviews were conducted with
 Women age 15-49
 Men age 15-54
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

 Height and weight
 Haemoglobin content in the blood to measure anaemia
 Collection of blood samples for
HIV testing
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

for 29 states
Number
Interviewed
Response
Rate
Households 109,041 97.7
Women (age 15-49) 124,385
Men (age 15-54) 74,369
94.5
87.1
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

1.
About NFHS-3
2.
Household and Individual Characteristics
3.
Fertility, Marriage and Family Planning
4.
Maternal Health
5.
Immunization and Child Health
6.
Nutritional Status of Children and Adults
7.
HIV Knowledge, Behaviour and Prevalence
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Selected Household Characteristics
Percent of households
93
Electricity 56
68
Piped water
Any toilet facility
51
12
25
83
26
45
Urban Rural Total
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

NFHS-3 finds some improvements in the household environment since NFHS-2
68% of households have electricity, up from 60% in NFHS-2
88% of households use an improved source of drinking water
Only 29% of households have improved toilet facilities
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Percent with exposure to TV, radio, or newspaper at least once a week
87
93
75
65
82
55
73% of urban households and 30% of rural households possess a TV
Urban Rural
Women age 15-49
Total
Men age 15-49
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Percent distribution of men and women age 15-49 by highest level of education
Men
Women
18
No education
27 20 35
< 8 years complete
8-9 years complete
41 23 14 22
NFHS-3 shows that even among those in the age group 15-19, only 89% of men and 74% of women are literate
10 years complete and above
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

NFHS-3 provides information on key population, health, and nutrition indicators for socially and economically vulnerable groups to examine health inequities
– Caste/tribe status
– Wealth status
– Slum/non-slum population in eight cities
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Uses information on 33 household assets and housing characteristics , such as ownership of consumer items, type of dwelling, source of water, and availability of electricity
Combines this information into a single wealth index , using a scientific method of assigning weights to individual components
The household population is divided into five equal groups of 20% each (quintiles) at the national level from 1 (lowest, poorest) to 5
(highest, wealthiest)
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

OTHER
32%
SC
19%
ST 8%
OBC
41%
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Distribution of Households by Wealth
Index and Residence
National 20 20 20 20 20
Urban 3 6 14 29 48
Rural 28 26 23 16 7
Lowest Second Middle Fourth Highest
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Distribution of Households by Wealth
Index and Caste
5
8
13
24
50
ST
10
17
16
36
21
21
23 24
25
17
22
28
18
SC OBC
Lowest Second Middle Fourth Highest
14
10
Other
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Proportion of Households in the
Highest Two Wealth Quintiles by State
60
50
40
30
20
100
90
80
70
89
83
78 77
72
66 65
60 59
57 57 55
49
44 43 43
41 40 40
36
33 32
30
27 26
24 24 23 23
19
10
0
DL KE GO
PJ MZ HP SK GJ HR MH UT JK
MN TN KA AP NG
MG
Ind ia RJ AR
WB
UP AS MP BH JH OR TR CH
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

1.
About NFHS-3
2.
Household and Individual Characteristics
3.
Fertility, Marriage and Family Planning
4.
Maternal Health
5.
Immunization and Child Health
6.
Nutritional Status of Children and Adults
7.
HIV Knowledge, Behaviour and Prevalence
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

4.0
3.5
3.0
3.4
2.9
2.7
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3
3.5
3.0
3.0
2.7
2.5
2.0
2.1
1.5
1.0
Urban
NFHS-3
Rural Total
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

54
Percent of women age 20-24 married by age 18
50
45
53
28
NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3 Urban Rural
NFHS-3
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Percent of currently married women age 15-49
56
49
37
An y m eth od
An y m od ern
m eth od le ste
Fe ma rili za tio n ste rili za tio n
Ma le
1
IUD
2
3
Pil l
Co nd om
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
5

Trends in Contraceptive Use by
Method
41
48
56
Percent of currently married women age 15-49
37
43
49
27
34
37
NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3
4
2
1
A ny
m et ho d
A ny
m od er n m et ho d
Fe m al e st er ili za tio n
M al e st er ili za tio n
2 2
2
IU
D
1
2
3
P ill
2
3
5
C on do m
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Desire for No More Children among Women with 2 Children
Percent
72
83
76
90 88
66
61
47
37
NFHS-1
2 sons
NFHS-2
1 son and 1 daughter
NFHS-3
2 daughters
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

1.
About NFHS-3
2.
Household and individual characteristics
3.
Fertility, Marriage and Family Planning
4.
Maternal health care
5.
Immunization and child health care
6.
Nutritional status of children and adults
7.
HIV knowledge, behaviour and Prevalence
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

84
86
Percent of women who had any ANC *
NFHS-1
91
NFHS-2 NFHS-3
77
72
65 66
59 60
Urban
* For last births in the past 3 years
Rural Total
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

75
(for most recent birth in the last 5 years)
Urban Rural Total
61
44
52
35
19
23
Percent
29
37
3+ ANC IFA for 90+ days Postnatal care within 2 days
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Institutional Delivery
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

1.
About NFHS-3
2.
Household and Individual characteristics
3.
Fertility, Marriage and Family Planning
4.
Maternal Health
5.
Immunization and Child Health
6.
Nutritional Status of Children and Adults
7.
HIV Knowledge, Behaviour and Prevalence
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3
85
73
56
62
Deaths at age 0-11 months per 1,000 live births
79
68
57
47
42
Urban Rural Total
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

79
Deaths at age 0-11 months per
1,000 live births
57 57
65
48
27
11
6
In d ia
L
D
C
MD
C
B an g la d es h
Pa ki sta n
N ep al
Sr i L an ka
C h in a
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Percent of children age 12-23 months vaccinated
BCG
Polio3
DPT3
Measles
All Vaccines
62
72
78
54
63
78
52
55
55
42
51
59
35
42
44
NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Percent of children under age 3 with diarrhoea in the past 2 weeks
NFHS-2 NFHS-3
33 33
25 24
27
26
Urban Rural Total
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Percentage of Children with Diarrhoea in the
Past 2 Weeks who Received Any ORT or
Increased Fluids by State
85
25 26 26
33
39 40
43 43 43
46 47 47 47 47
48 48 49
53 53 54
55
59
63
65
67 68
69
72
75
RJ AS UP HR JH PJ GJ
In di a
DL CH JK BH AP AR MN MP KA NG UT MH OR TN WB SK TR GO MZ MG HP KE
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

1.
About NFHS-3
2.
Household and individual characteristics
3.
Fertility and its determinants
4.
Maternal health care
5.
Immunization and child health care
6.
Nutritional status of children and adults
7.
HIV knowledge, behaviour and Prevalence
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Trends in Child Nutritional Status
Percent of children age under 3 years
NFHS-3 NFHS-2
51
45
43
40
20
23
Stunted
(Low-height-for-age)
Wasted
(Low-weight-for-height)
Underweight
(Low-weight-for- age)
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Percent of children 6-35 months with anaemia
81
79
72
74
Total Urban Rural NFHS-2
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

How Many Children Receive
Services from an AWC?
80
70
60
50
40
Percent of age-eligible children in areas with an AWC
33
30
20
10
0
An y ser vi ce
Su pp lem en ta ry
foo d
26
Pr esc hoo l
23
20
18
16
Im m un iz at ion s
G row th
m on itor in g
Hea lth
ch ec kup s
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Percent of women and men age 15-49
W omen Men
55
36
34
24
13
9
BMI below normal Overweight/Obese Anaemic
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Malnutrition of Women by
Residence and Education
Percent of women age 15-49
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
To ta l
13
36
U rb an
24
25
R ur al
7
41
N o ed uc at io n
7
42
13
35
14
35
<8
y ea rs
8-
9 ye ar s
10
+ ye ar s
21
25
Underweight Overweight
N
FH
S-
2 to ta l
11
36
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Malnutrition of Men by
20
15
10
5
Residence and Education
Percent of men age 15-49
50
45
6
5
3
5
40
35
8
14
14
30
25
40
34
27
38 38
40
25
Overweight
Underweight
0
Total
Urban
Rural
No ed uca tion
<8 y ear s
8-9
ye ars
10+
ye ars
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

1.
About NFHS-3
2.
Household and individual characteristics
3.
Fertility, Marriage and Family Planning
4.
Maternal health care
5.
Immunization and child health care
6.
Nutritional status of children and adults
7.
HIV knowledge, behaviour and prevalence
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Percent of women and men age 15-49 who have heard of AIDS
Urban Rural Total
Women
81
46
57
Men
94
73
80
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Most Adults Support Family Life
Education in Schools
63% women and 81% men think that information about
HIV/AIDS should be taught in schools to both boys and girls
More than 40% of women and 60% of men are in favour of teaching both boys and girls about sexual behaviour and condom use to avoid sexually transmitted diseases
Adults are less likely to favour teaching about contraception than about HIV/AIDS
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

• Percent of eligible women age 15-49 and men age 15-54 whose blood was tested for HIV
• Women: 85 percent
• Men: 78 percent
• Response rates are comparable to
HIV test response rates on national household surveys worldwide
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

HIV prevalence estimates are based on HIV tests of 102,946 blood samples:
52,853 from de facto women age 15-49
+
50,093 from de facto men age 15-54
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Sex
Women
(%)
Men
(%)
Total
(%)
Urban
Rural
0.29
0.41
among males than females and 40% higher in urban areas than rural areas
0.18
0.32
0.35
0.25
India 0.22
0.36
0.28
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Substantial improvements have been seen in child survival
Fertility continues to decline
– Urban women have already reached replacement level fertility, but rural women even now have an average of three children
For the first time more than half of currently married women are using a contraceptive method
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Summary and Highlights (contd.)
There is steady decline in the proportion of women age 20-24 marrying before the legal minimum age of marriage
There have been improvements in antenatal care, institutional deliveries, and assistance at delivery by a health professional, but the changes over time have been slow
Immunization coverage for children has improved for all vaccines except DPT
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Summary and Highlights (contd.)
Full immunization coverage has not changed much in the last 7 years
Undernutrition and anaemia among children remain major challenges
Adults suffer a dual burden of undernutrition and overnutrition
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Summary and Highlights (contd.)
HIV prevalence among the NFHS-3 household population of men and women age 15-49 is 0.28 percent.
Based on this estimate and other data, the Government of India has reduced its official HIV estimate for the adult population. However, strong programmes are still required to prevent the further spread of HIV.
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06