GROUP
MEMBERS
TITLE
LECTURER'S
NAME
NAME
MATRIX NO
NOR FAIRUZ FARHANA BINTI
MOHD ROSLI
NOR HIDAYANA BINTI MOHD
SABIRIN
ZULKARNAIN BIN ZONKEKFLI
04DEE12F2025
YUSZWAN BIN YUSOF
04DEE12F2027
MUHAMMAD SUHAIMI BIN
KAMARUDDIN
ENERGY IN THERMAL SYSTEM
04DEE12F2023
04DEE12F2021
04DEE12F2029
PUAN HASANAH BINTI SAFEIN@SHAFIE
(TO BE FILLED UP BY LECTURER)
DATE OF SUBMISSION
LECTURER'S
COMMENTS
RUBRIC
ITEM
4
1.
Procedures
2.
3.
Participation
Diagrams
4.
Data
5.
Calculation
6.
Analysis
7.
Error Analysis
8.
Question
9.
Conclusion
10. Subsmission Date
TOTAL
MARKS
3
2
1
ENERGY
IN
THERMAL
SYSTEM
OBJECTIVE

To gain thermal
equilibrium.

To determine final
temperature
INFERENCE
Thermal equilibrium is achieved when
two substances reach the same
temperature and exchange to heat
energy.
HYPOTHESIS
The final temperature obtained from experiment will be
the state in which the temperature of two substances
reached the equal temperature at a certain time.
1.
Mercury thermometer
-1
2.
Beaker
-2
3.
Bunsen burner or electric kettle
-1
4.
Electronic Balance/ Beam Balance
-1
5.
Hot hand protector
-1
6.
Tripod stand and wire gauze
-1
7.
Lighter gun
-1
PROCEDURES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Weigh the mass of an empty beaker and record as m1.
Fill 200ml tap water into the beaker. Measure mass of the
beaker with tap water and record as m2.
Read the initial temperature of tap water and record as T1.
Fill another empty beaker with 250ml water. Weigh the mass
of the beaker and record as m3.
Heat the beaker for 10 minutes.
Read the temperature of the hot water Figure 1.
Pour tap water into the beaker containing hot water gently.
Stir the mixture slowly about 10 seconds. Record the final
temperature as Tfinal.
RESULT
Table 1
Table 2
Mass, m
Empty beaker,
m1
Gram
, g
204.8
Beaker with 200 ml
cold water (tap
water),
Beaker with 250 ml
hot water,
m2
395.6
m3
443.5
Temperature, T
°c
Cold water (tap
water),
Hot water,
T1
32
T2
96
The mixture,
Tfinal
66
Use the values from the Tables 1 and 2 above to answer the following
question:
Mass of the cold
water (tap water)
mcold = m2 - m1
Mass of hot water
mhot = m3 - m1
Mass of the mixture
= mcold + mhot
190.8
g
238.7
g
429.5
g
CALCULATION
Calculate Tfinal by using the following equation:Tfinal = (mhot x Thot) + (mcold x Tcold)
(mhot + mcold)
Tfinal (from experiment)
66
Tfinal (from calculation)
67.57
% Error
2.324
TEMPERATURE
LIGHTER GUN
ELECTRONIC
BALANCED
HAND
PROTECTOR
ANALYSIS
• Energy in thermal system or thermal
equilibrium is achieved when two substances
reach the same temperature and exchange to
heat energy.
• We calculate the gram(g) of the mass and
celcius(°c) of the temperature, T.
• The apparatus we using is mercury
thermometer, beaker, Bunsen burner or
electric kettle, electronic balance/beam
balance, hot hand protector, tripod stand and
wire gauze and lighter gun.
ERROR
ANALYSIS
• Due to error in reading on the percentage
error, we can find this error by using the
Tfinal (from experiment) and Tfinal (from
calculation). The formula of the Tfinal is
Tfinal= (mhot x Thot) + (mcold x Tcold)
(mhot + mcold)
• We carry out the experiment twicely and
we found that the reading is not same.
QUESTION
• Does the final temperature in this experiment
is equal with the final temperature in
calculation?
No
• If both of the temperatures are not the same,
explain why and relate to thermal equilibrium
principle?
Because two objects at the thermal
equilibrium have the same temperature and
there is no net transfer of heat energy between
the objects.
CONCLUSION
1. After experiment, we should be able to gain thermal
equilibrium.
2. We also can know how to determine final temperature.
3. As a student, we also can know how to find the result
of the empty beaker, beaker with 200ml cold water (tap
water), and beaker with 250ml hot water.
4. We also can found the temperature of the cold water
(tap water), temperature of hot water and the
temperature of the mixture of water.
VIDEO EXPERIMENT