SEG-D rev. 3
Ultra High capacity tapes (3592, IBM TS1120, ....) in the
seismic industry
SEG Houston 2005 Nils Aatland naatl@online.no
My background
• 17+ years in the seismic industry (Geco, G-P, WesternGeco)
– Recording system
– Onboard QC system
– Onboard Processing
– Automation (Acquisition ---> DP)
– Storage
Tape: Open Reel, 3480, D2, 3590B/E, LTO, ...
Disc:
– Tape media
• SEG-D Rev 3 co-author (together with Bob Firth, Troika)
Funding (SEG-D rev 3):
Agenda
•
•
•
•
•
•
References
SEG Denver 2004
SEG-D revisions vs Tape technologies
EAGE Madrid 2005
SEG-D Rev 3 / proposed changes
SEG-D Rev 3 / current proposals
References
• SEG-D rev 2, SEGY, SPS, ....
http://seg.org/publications/tech-stand/
• SEG-D rev 3
ftp://ftp.troika-int.com/segfield/
segfield-list@troika-int.com
SEG Technical Standards Committee Meeting
(SEG Denver Oct 2004)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
SEG-D Review Subcommittee
Alan Faichney had proposed that this be disbanded due to lack of volunteer effort.
Committees were set up two years ago to review and they reported. Then working
committees were then set up, however no progress was made.
General feeling that this should not be left to drift and it was proposed that we should
go back and solicit input from manufacturers and users and any other interested
groups.
Previous revisions to SEG-D were driven by need as a result of manufacturer
changes to equipment. (e.g. 3490 to 3590 tapes)
Oil companies would probably support changes that would have value but not just for
a few header changes.
The new IBM format tapes might be a big enough change to drive this?
If a new format was to be defined it was important that all stages of the processing
business right through to interpretation must be represented. Ted Mariner said it was
his responsibility to make sure the support was found and given!
Jill Lewis said this needed a small core group of people working on the format with a
wider review group. This was the model used for SEGY Rev 1 and had worked well.
SEG-D vs Tape Standards
SEG-D rev 0 (1975):
The nine track one-half inch tape is retained, but extension to 6250 BPI is
permitted as long as it is compatible with the ANSI standard (ANSI
1973a, b, 1976).
SEG-D rev 1 (1994):
Providing provisions for using 1/2" square tape cartridges. ( ANSI X3.180
1989).
SEG-D rev 2 (1996):
Since Rev 2 is intended to handle higher density tapes, acceptable media
is expanded to include: 3490/3490E, 3590, D2, and D3.
SEG-D rev 3 (EAGE Madrid June 2005)
It was decided that within the current timeframe and the general
desire to take advantage of ultra high capacity media a revision
of SEG-D to rev 3.0 is appropriate at the present time.
Problem description
The stipulation in the 1975 standard that “no
more than one line of seismic data is
permitted on any one reel” became
impractical long ago.
SEG-Y rev 1 (May 2002)
SEG-D rev 3 (Nov 2005?)
Example (marine)
- 10 x 6 km streamers (12.5 m group length)
- 40 km line length (=1600 shots per line)
- 10 sec shot interval
- 8 sec record length, 2 msec
-------------------------------------------------------------Format:
SEG-D
8015
Amount of data per shot:
~ 50 MB
Amount of data per line:
~ 80 GB
3590E:
USD 20? / 20 GB / :
3592 vs 2 (TS1120): USD 125? / 500 GB :
1
$/ GB
0.25 $/ GB
TCO estimates
Relative TCO Estimates
for Enterprise Disk, SATA Disk and Tape
US $s per GB (Logarithmic Scale)
100
10
Indus try Dis k
SATA Dis k
Tape
1
0.1
2003
2004
2005
2006
Sources: Disk IDC, 2003
SATA Disk – IBM estimate
Tape - IBM, based on technology roadmaps
EAGE Madrid June 2005
• Question SEGD Rev 3.0 or SEGE – vote
It was decided that within the current timeframe and the general
desire to take advantage of high capacity media a revision of SEGD
to rev 3.0 is appropriate at the present time.
• Concerns driving the requirement for a Rev 3.0
The receiver count is ever increasing and when this is multiplied by
4 (for four component recording) then the present limit on the
number of channel that can be recorded becomes an issue.
+++
EAGE Madrid June 2005
• Critical Items and volunteer companies who will present the working
group (reflector site members) with their recommendations:
4C
Channel Set Descriptors
Western Geco / Veritas / Sercel / IO
XYZ+Time
SPS Compatibility
Concept / Saudi Aramco / Sercel /
-
File Numbers and Multiple Lines - Troika/ Verify / Western Geco
Blocking + Non-blocking & Separate Layers
• The challenge to the group is to come up with a draft set of
documents to be handed to Ted Mariner by 1st October.
SEG-D rev 2 - 1996
The subcommittee consisted of the following individuals:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
George Wood
Phil Behn
Claes Borresen
William Guyton
Louis Miles
Dennis O‘Neill
Sut Oishi
Tony Scales
Western Geophysical / Chairman
Input/Output
PGS
Western Geophysical
Syntron
Geco-Prakla
Shell
Sercel
Rev 3 proposed ’changes’ (1:39)
Issue
Status
Resp. Deadline
Comment
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Update ftp server Bob
Nov 15’th
....
New input
All
Dec 15'th
….
Chapter 1 (Intro) Jill
Jan 1'st
….
Chapter 2
Jan 1’st
.....
1:
….
2:
….
.
.
39
….
SEG-D rev 3
App F: Maximum Block Sizes
The table below indicates the maximum allowable block size for accepted
types of media. It is expected that this table will need to be updated
approximately once per year.
Device Type
3480
3490, 3490E
3590
IBM 3592 (Jaguar-1)
IBM TS1120 (Jaguar-2)
DST1,
Redwood
STK 9940B
1/2” Round Tape
•
•
Maximum Block Size
128 Kilobytes
256 Kilobytes
512 Kilobytes
2,097,152 Bytes (2 Megabytes)
2,097,152 Bytes (2 Megabytes)
199,840 Bytes
256 Kilobytes
256 Kilobytes
64 Kilobytes
Kilobyte is defined as 1024 bytes
Megabyte is defined as 1024x1024 bytes (=1,048,576 bytes)
SEG-D rev 3
App C: API codes
• Rev 3 (One simple question: Address correct?)
–
–
–
–
–
–
POSC 24 Greenway Plaza
Suite 1000-B Houston, TX 77046 USA
+1 713 784-1880 telephone
+1 713 784-9219 fax
info@posc.org
http://www.posc.org/
• Rev 2 (No longer correct)
–
–
–
–
–
–
American Petroleum Institute
Exploration and Production Department
1220 L Street, N. W.
Washington, D.C. 20005
Phone: (202) 682-8000
FAX: (202) 682-8426
Appendix A: Manufacturers of Seismic Field
Recorders
40
41
42
43
Geo-X
1996
Suite 900, 425 1st St SW
Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P3L8
PGS ???
???
Hydroscience ???
Appendix G: Multiple SEG-D header
blocks
• Proposal (If SEG-D header is longer than maximum
physical block size).
• N-1 header blocks with fixed size, block number N
without padding:
• By reading and decoding the very first 64 bytes (GH #1
and GH #¤ 2), it’s possible to calculate the total SEG-D
header length. If block size and total SEG-D header
length are known, it’s possible to calculate number of
physical tape header blocks.
• Feedback wanted.
Rev 2
BOT
Tape label 128 bytes / Required
General Header # 1 / ”
General Header # 2 / ”
General Header # N / Optional (N>2)
Rev 3
BOT
Tape label 128 bytes / Required
EOF??
General Header # 1 / ”
General Header # 2 / ”
General Header # 3 / ”
Vessel/Crew
General Header # 4 / ”
Area
General Header # 5 / ”
Client
General Header # 6 / ”
Job
General Header # 7 / ”
Line
General Header # N / Optional (N>7)
SEG-D rev 3 proposals
We recommend to introduce 5 new required General Header blocks
(#3,#4,#5,#6,#7) due to multiple lines.
•
•
•
•
•
Vessel/crew identification (with abbreviation?)
Area name
(with abbreviation?)
Client name
(with abbreviation?)
Job name
(with abbreviation?)
Line name
ASCII*32 ?
ASCII*32 ?
ASCII*32 ?
ASCII*32 ?
ASCII*16 ?
Is it possible to get an agreement how to generate line name?
[Area:2][Client:2][year:2][line type:1][linenumber:4]-[sequence:4]
WGecoTape Label Serial number: [vessel:2][job:4][reel number:6]
Proposal for discussion: New
required GH blocks #3-#7
1 byte block ID, 0/2/4 bytes abbreviation (ASCII) 26-28 bytes ASCII and 1 byte
status
•
•
•
•
•
•
ID
01
02
03
04
05
Status Codes:
0x01
0x02
0x03
Abbreviation
SE
NS
ST
8104
Comment
Crew Id
Area Name
Client
Job
Line Name
Example
Sea Explorer
North Sea - Statfjord
Statoil
WesternGeco 8104
ST05-12543-001
OK
Not OK, e.g. data in this header block are not valid
Irrelevant