Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs
Gestión Integrada del Ambiente Maritimo
Integrated Marine Management Plans
Uruguay Noruego Seminario
Sobre Pesca, Medio Ambiente e Hidrocarburos.
Montevideo 23 de Mayo 2012
Specialist Director Johán H Williams

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Johannesburg Plan of
Implementation (Rio + 10, 2002).
• § 30. Oceans, seas, islands and coastal areas form an integrated and essential component of the Earth’s ecosystem and are critical for global food security and for sustaining economic prosperity and the well-being of many national economies. Ensuring the sustainable development of the oceans requires effective coordination and cooperation, including at the global and regional levels, between relevant bodies, and actions at all levels.
• d) Encourage the application by 2010 of the ecosystem approach.
• e) Promote integrated, multidisciplinary and multisectoral coastal and ocean management at the national level and encourage and assist coastal states in developing ocean policies and mechanisms on integrated coastal management.
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

Marine Ecosystems of Norway
Coverage

Norwegian Seas: Jurisdiction over 6 times the land area.
 Baseline: 2,500 km
 Coastline (mainland): 25,000 km
 Norwegian shoreline (mainland including islands): 83,000 km
Management plans:
 Barents Sea: 1,4 million km², average depth 230 m
 Norwegian Sea: 1,2 million km², average depth 1800 m and maximum
4000 m
 North Sea: about 145,000 km², average depth 90 m
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs
The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Economical values of marine ecosystems to Norway
• About 30 percent of national value creation (GDP)
• More than 10 percent of employment
• Well above 50 percent of the total Norwegian export
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Norwegian Ministries involved in Marine Issues
Ministry of
Trade and
Industry
Ministry of the environmen t
Ministry of
Foreign
Affairs
Ministry of
Petroleum and Energy
Ministry of
Labour
Ministry of
Finance
The
Government
Ministry of
Defense
Ministry of
Fisheries and
Coastal
Affairs
Ministry of
Local
Government and
Regional
Developmen t
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

White Papers 2002 - 2011
The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Integrated Management Plan for the Marine Environment of the
Barents Sea and the Lofoten area
• The purpose of the management plans is to provide a framework for value creation through the sustainable use of natural resources and ecosystem services in the sea areas and at the same time maintain the structure, functioning, productivity and diversity of the ecosystems of the areas.
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Barents Sea - Fish stocks
- Almost all Norwegian catch of cod (93%) and haddock (85%) in Barents Sea – Lofoten
- Significant part even for herring (64%), prawns
(57%) and saithe (50%)
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Barbents Sea -Seabirds
• Barents Sea – Lofoten: 80% of seabirds on
Norwegian mainland
- Røst and Gjesvær among biggest seabird colonies in Europe
- Population decline for several seabird species
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Barents Sea - Seabed
- Røst coral reef, greatest known deepwater reef
- Coral reefs may have important function for fish and the ecosystem
- New species and habitats discovered
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Norwegian marine management plans - Organization
The Government
Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Petroleum and Energy
Ministry of the
Environment
Ministry of Local
Government and
Regional Development
Ministry of Foreign
Affairs
Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs
Ministry of Defence
Ministry of Trade and Industry
Ministry of Labour
Advisory groups: 24 agencies + research institutions
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Norwegian marine management plans - Organization
Advisory groups:
Management forum
Monitoring group
Risk management forum
Participating agencies & research institutions:
Climate and Pollution Agency
Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management
Norwegian Polar Institute
Norwegian Coastal Administration
Directorate of Fisheries
Institute of Marine Research
Norwegian Food Safety Authority
National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research
Norwegian Petroleum Directorate
Petroleum Safety Authority Norway
Norwegian Maritime Directorate
Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority
Norwegian Meteorological Institute
Norwegian Institute for Air Research
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
Norwegian Institute for Water Research
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

Cross-sectoral process
The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Marine ecosystem services
(Millennium Ecosystem Assessmen t)
Group Marine ecosystem services
Production services
Production /supply of food suitable for consumption
Production / supply of non-edible products
Supply of genetic resources
Supply of marine resources for pharmaceutical, chemical and biotechnological industry
Supply of decorative resources
Supply of energy
Supply of space and waterways
Cultural services
Regulating services
Supporting services
Recreational services
Aestethic services
Contribution to science and education
Maintenance of cultural heritage
Inspiration for art and commercials
Legacy of the seas (value of existence/heritage)
Climatic and atmospheric regulation
Sediment retention
Reduction of eutrophication
Biologic regulation
Regulation of hazardous chemicals
Maintenance of biogeochemical cycles
Primary production
Maintenance of food web dynamics
Maintenance of biodiversity
Maintenance of habitats
Maintenance of ecologic resistance to change (resilience)

Socio-economic aspects
• Value creation related to marine environment
The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
• Employment (regional level)
• Social economics (national level)
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

Improving knowledge
Seabed mapping
Geological mapping
The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Seabird dis tribution
Environmental monitoring & research
Photo: Hallvard Strøm, Norwegian polar institute
Screening of hazardous chemicals
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Monitoring system for environmental quality
Indicator (34 different indicators)
Reference value
Example Seabirds
Population trend for kittiwake
(Rissa tridactyla)
Average for last 10 years + historical data
Action threshold
Population decrease of 20 % or more in 5 years, or deviation of more than 10 % from expected adult survival rate, or failed breeding 5 years in a row
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Particularly valuable and vulnerable Areas &
Framework for Petroleum
Activities, Barents Sea
• No petroleum activity in Lofoten area
•
No petroleum activity within 35 km from coast, 65 km zone round Bear Island and along the
Arctic ice edge and the Polar front
• No exploratory drilling within 65 km from coast and on
Tromsøflaket bank area between1 March
– 31 August
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Risk of accidental oil discharges, debated issue
S c e n a
Surface discharge, 2 days
Surface discharge, 50 days
Sea bottom discharge, 2 days
Sea bottom discharge, 50 days l e o d s i r o s
M
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

Managing risk of acute oil pollution from sea transport – routeing system (IMO)
The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Climate change and ocean acidification
Damage to marine ecosystems expected in the following decades
Photo: Institute of Marine Research
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

Safeguarding the Seabirds
The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Photo: Norwegian Polar Institute
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

Protection of coral reefs
The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs
Photo: MAREANO

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Sustainable Fisheries Management
Sustainable Fishery Management
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs
Photo: Erling Svensen

Summary
The integrated management plans:
• Consider both environment and economic activity through an ecosystem approach
• Incorporate spatial planning as a tool for integrated, ecosystem-based management
• Provide a predictable framework for economic activities.
• Safeguard the especially valuable and vulnerable areas, e.g. against acute oil pollution.
• Introduce more coordinated and systematic environmental monitoring and mapping, strengthening basis for future decisions and measures.
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs
The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future

The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future
Thank you for your attention
Credits to Per Schieve and Geir Klaveness at Ministry of the
Environment for kind assistance with this presentation
Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs
The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future

Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs
The Riches of the Sea
– Norway`s Future