1 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. MINIMALIST WRITING Indumathi Sandirane November 30, 2012 2 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. LEARNING OBJECTIVES • What is minimalist writing? • Why minimalism? • How to apply minimalism in technical documentation? • Examples 3 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. MINIMALISM Minimalism is the art of presenting precise information to accomplish user goals without eliminating essential content. Minimalism is the conjunction of brevity and clarity. 4 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. WHAT IS MINIMALIST WRITING? • Write what is required • Remove non-essential information • Concentrate and accomplish user goals, not the product features • Help user do a task or solve an issue • Provide the right information at the right place 5 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. MINIMALISM DOES NOT MEAN • Writing simplified technical language • Writing few words • Using bulleted or numbered lists • Removing deadwood phrases • Deleting random content or pages 6 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PRINCIPLES OF MINIMALIST WRITING • Emphasize doing rather than knowing • Provide a context for the information that relates to the users’ working environment • Focus on troubleshooting and problem solving • Ensure that information is easily and quickly accessible 7 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. WHY MINIMALISM? • Technical document is neither a book nor a novel • Information overload • Quick access to right information • Easy to understand • Users want to get their job done than knowing the system • How to do something • Solve a problem • Increase in translation cost • Maintenance of huge documentation sets 8 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. BENEFITS OF MINIMALIST WRITING AUTHORS and REVIEWERS • • • • Content management and sustenance Maintain consistency Faster migration to structured writing Consumes less time to review READERS • • • • Usability Readability Accuracy Quick information 9 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. BENEFITS OF MINIMALIST WRITING COMPANY • Low cost – > Better resource utilization Development and maintenance Localization (cost per word/page) • Quick resolution –> Fewer helpline calls • Customer delight –> Repeat business 10 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. HOW TO APPLY MINIMALISM? 1. Analyze user goals 2. Design information to support user 3. Write simple and transparent 4. Edit and review 5. Test 6. Repeat 11 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 1. ANALYZE THE USER GOALS • Understand user knowledge • Understand why the user uses the product • Understand user perspective • Get assistance • Marketing team • Customer support team 12 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 2. DESIGN INFORMATION TO SUPPORT USER • Structure the information Explain tasks not features: • × The File menu, About the File menu • √ Create a new file, Save a file • Organize the content • Easy to navigate • Quick search • Write overviews that users really need • Procedures in task order • Use flow charts, images, videos • Define content standards and template 13 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. STRUCTURE: TASKS-BASED INFORMATION WORKFLOW 14 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ORGANIZE CONTENT 15 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. WORKFLOWS 16 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DOCUMENT TEMPLATE DESIGN: BEFORE 17 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DOCUMENT TEMPLATE DESIGN: AFTER 18 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 3. WRITE SIMPLE AND TRANSPARENT • Write simple that can be read once and understood • Avoid ambiguity • General rules: • Avoid adjectives • Avoid paraphrases and deadwood phrases • Use active voice • Avoid adverbs • Maintain brevity • Explain one way to do a task 19 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. EXAMPLE: BEFORE AND AFTER The AnyDial plug-in recognizes phone numbers or SIP URIs on the Internet Explorer web pages and allows you to call that phone number or SIP URI. You can call the number by pointing your mouse cursor at the number or URI and clicking to dial the number. You can also select the number and right-click to select an action from the AnyDial plug-in menu. The AnyDial plug-in recognizes phone numbers or SIP URIs on Internet Explorer and allows you to call that number or URI. 20 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. EXAMPLE: ONE WAY TO DO A TASK Uninstall AnyDial Plugin The AnyDial plug-in can be uninstalled using Microsoft Add/Remove Programs. It can also be uninstalled using the uninstall menu from the Windows start menu. Uninstall AnyDial Plugin Uninstall the AnyDial Plugin from Add/Remove Programs on a Windows computer. 21 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. EXAMPLE: USING TABLES 22 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. USERS GENERALLY SKIP • Notes • Stem sentences • Before you begin • Prerequisites • Overview, About sections 23 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. STEM SENTENCE: BEFORE AND AFTER 24 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 4. EDIT AND REVIEW Self and peer review • Do you know the user’s objective? • Can you understand in the first reading? • Can you write simpler? • Can you navigate easily? 25 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 5. TEST USABILITY • Test like a user • Test the content accuracy • Perform the procedure • Study errors and correct the procedure 26 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 6. REPEAT Because: • It takes a longer effort to write less • Each time you read, you can improvise • The focus is quality, not quantity “Perfection is achieved, not when there is nothing more to add, but when there is nothing left to take away.” - Antoine de Saint-Exupery 27 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. QUIZ! Who is the first technical writer ever known? 28 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. QUIZ! 1. Select the most appropriate instruction for technical documentation. By typing run, you can run the process. Type run. Enter the run command. Invoke the command run. To run the process, type run. Type run. 29 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. QUIZ! 2. Select the phrase that is a best practice in technical writing. The integer values should match exactly in order to complete the operation. The integer values must match. The integer values must have an accurate match. Making the integer values match exactly is a mandatory operation. The integer values must match. 30 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. QUIZ! 3. Which of these will make a meaningful and succinct topic title? Introduction to the Change Logs feature in Communications Manager. Using the Change Logs feature Change Logs About the Change Logs feature in Communications Manager Change Logs 31 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. QUIZ! 4. Select the most appropriate instruction for technical documentation. The text can be modified by you. Modify the text. The text can be modified in String field. In the required manner, modify the text. Modify the text in the String field. Modify the text in the String field. 32 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Thank you! 33 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 34 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.