Lesson 18 Dialogue 1
Grammar
University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
又 (yòu)

又 (yòu) can indicate repetition of an
action over the course of time
University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
我昨天看了一个电影
，今天又看了一个
 Wǒ zuótiān kàn le yí
ge diànyǐng, jīntiān
yòu kàn le yí ge
 I watched a movie
yesterday, and
watched another
one today

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan

又 (yòu) can also suggest augmentation
or exacerbation of certain conditions or
circumstances
University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
你平常吃得那么多，又
不运动，当然越来越胖
了。
 Nǐ píngcháng chī de
nàme duō, yòu bú
yùndòng, dāngrán yuè
lái yuè pàng le.
 You usually eat so
much, and on top of
that you don’t exercise.
No wonder you’re
putting on more and
more weight.

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
Duration of Non-Action
Time Expression + 没 (méi) + V + (了)
 This structure indicates that an action
has not been or was not performed for a
certain period of time.

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
他三天没上网了。
 Tā sān tiān méi
shàng wǎng le.
 He hasn’t gone
online for three
days.

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
我两年没检查身体了
。
 Wǒ liǎng nián méi
jiǎnchá shēntǐ le.
 I haven’t had a
check-up in two
years.

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
我的狗病了，一天没
吃东西了。
 Wǒ de gǒu bìng le,
yì tiān méi chī
dōngxi le.
 My dog is sick; she
hasn’t eaten
anything for a day.

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
妹妹上个月特别忙，
三个星期没回家。
 Mèimei shàng ge
yuè tèbié máng, sān
ge xīngqī méi huí
jiā.
 My younger sister
was especially busy
last month, and she
didn’t come home
for three weeks.

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
去年寒假我去英国旅
行，一个月没吃中国
菜。
 Qùnián hánjià wǒ qù
Yīngguó lǚxíng, yí
ge yuè méi chī
Zhōngguó cài.
 I went on a trip to
Britain during the
winter break last
year, and didn’t eat
any Chinese food
for a month.

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
Duration of Non-Action VS. Duration of
Action in Affirmative Sentence.

A:
 我学了两年中文了。
 Wǒ xué le liǎng nián
Zhōngwén le.
 I have been
studying Chinese for
two years.

B:
是吗？我两年没学中
文了。
 Shì ma? Wǒ liǎng
nián méi xué
Zhōngwén le.
 Really? I haven’t
studied Chinese for
two years.

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
好/难 (hǎo/nán) + V
ome verbs can be preceded by 好 or 难
(hǎo or nán), and the resulting
compounds become adjectives.
 In this case, 好 (hǎo) usually means
“easy” while 难 (nán) means “difficult”

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
好受
 Hǎoshòu
 easy to bear

难受
 nánshòu
 hard to bear

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
好写
 hǎoxiě
 easy to write

难写
 Nánxiě
 hard to write

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
好走
 Hǎozǒu
 easy to walk on

难走
 Nánzǒu
 hard to walk on

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
好说
 Hǎoshuō
 easy to say

难说
 Nánshuō
 difficult to say

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
好懂
 Hǎodǒng
 easy to understand

难懂
 Nándǒng
 hard to understand

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
好唱
 Hǎochàng
 easy to sing

难唱
 Nánchàng
 hard to sing

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
In some other compounds
 好 (hǎo) suggests that the action
represented by the verb is pleasant
 while 难 (nán) means the opposite

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
好看
 Hǎokàn
 pretty

难看
 Nánkàn
 ugly

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
好听
 Hǎotīng
 pleasant to the ear

难听
 Nántīng
 unpleasant to the
ear

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
下去 (xia qu) Indicating
Continuation

下去 (xia qu) signifi es the continuation
of an action that is already in progress.
University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
说下去。
 Shuō xia qu.
 Go on speaking.

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
你别念下去了，我一
点儿也不喜欢听。
 Nǐ bié niàn xia qu le,
wǒ yì diǎnr yě bù
xǐhuan tīng.
 Please stop reading.
I don’t like listening
to it at all.

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
Chinese is very interesting. I’d
like to continue learning it.
中文很有意思，我
想学下去。
 Zhōngwén hěn yǒu
yìsi, wǒ xiǎng xué
xia qu.

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
你已经跑了一个多小
时了，再跑下去，要
累死了。
 Nǐ yǐjǐng pǎo le yí ge
duō xiǎoshí le, zài
pǎo xia qu, yào lèi sǐ
le.
 You’ve already been
running for more
than an hour; if you
keep running, you’ll
be exhausted.

University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
谢谢
再见
University of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan