Unit 3
Art & Architecture
Warming up & Listening
Well-known architectures around the world
Buckingham Palace
金门大桥
the Golden Gate Bridge
Eiffel Tower
Leaning Tower of Pisa
泰姬陵
Taj Mahal
法国卢浮宫
Louvre
Well-known architectures around the world
The Opera House
伦敦塔桥
Tower Bridge
法国凯旋门
Triumphal arch
西藏布达拉宫
The Great Wall
The Heaven Temple
Sports Ground / Stadium
Roman Forum
Well-known architectures around us
Shanghai
Shenzhen
Hongkong
Modern architecture
Wuzhen
Traditional architecture
Differences between traditional
architecture and modern architecture
Traditional
modern
Materials
Shape/Colour
Size/Style
environment
Function
Modern traditional
round, square, curving
, high , flat ; dark, light
, warm , cold Stone,
wood , glass , brick
plastic, paint
Speaking:
Preferences about houses
What
A
B
Why
a
traditional
siheyuan
Wouldn’t feel happy
Would miss the garden
more beautiful
More personal style
A modern
flat
Large and comfortable
Convenient to live close
to work
Warming up
If you were free to design your own dream
house,what would that house look like?What
materials would you use?
Explain why you make certain choices about
your dream house?
My Dream House!!
Words & phrases you may use when you
want to talk about art & architecture:
Architecture: 建筑学 建筑业
design: 设计 计划
设计师 designer
室内设计师
interior designer
construct vt.
construction n
中国建设银行
外表古色古香而内部装饰现代
China
化的房子
Construction
a house with a classical
exterior and a modern interior Bank
The style of the building
古典的 classical
现代的 modern
传统的 traditional
Building material
混泥土 concrete
水泥 cement
钢铁 steel
钉子 nail
玻璃 glass
砖块 brick
木头 wood
竹子 bamboo
芦苇 reed
油漆 paint
Plastic, earth, stone…
Part of the building
地板 floor
走廊 aisle
阳台 balcony
烟囱 chimney
屋顶 roof
过道 passage
壁炉 fireplace
Some names of architects, famous
buildings and works of art in the
world:
1. Sydney Opera House
2. a Spanish architect （Antonio Gaudi)
3. an American architect Frank Lloyd
Wright古根海姆美术馆 (an art museum in
New York) “流水别墅”(Bear Run House)
4.the 2008 Olympic Stadium
5. Imperial Palace of the Ming and Qing
Dynasties (the Forbidden City)
6. the Temple of Heaven
7. The Summer Palace
8.the Yuanmingyuan/the Winter Palace
9. the Great Wall
Tian’anmen Square
10. The Statue of Liberty (美国)
Listening
p18
Characters:
A young couple-Amy & Dann/A shop assitant
What do they want
for the new flat?
A kitchen table
Something on the wall
What kind of furniture do
they like?
Amy
Danny
made of wood
feel
comfortable
modern,made of
glass, beautiful
and easy to clean
Modern
Two comfortable chairs Classic and fine but also cool
Listening
p18
Write drown the missing words.
1.We can use a few more ______and
things
perhaps
pieces
replace some very old _____.
_______
wood ______
would look
2.I think a table made of ______
much nicer .
comfortable
warm and makes you feel __________.
3.Wood is _____,
wall over the
4.There’s a big piece of white ____
sofa .
_____
something _______.
modern
5.Oh no ,you can show us __________
Characters:
S: Shop assitant
A: Amy
D:Dann
S: Can I help you? What is it you are looking
bedroom the kitchen
for? Furniture for the _______,
_____
living ______.
room
or the _____
D:W’re looking for a few things, but we aren’t
very sure
___ yet. We bought a new flat
___, and we
already have some furniture, but the new
big We can use a few more
house is so ___.
things
replace some very old
_____, and perhaps ______
pieces
_____.
A: I think we need a ______
kitchen _____,
table one that
have _____
dinner _____
with five
is large enough to _____
or six people.
modern
S: Very well. If you would like something
_______ ______,
I suggest you _____
__ something like this.
think of
silver _______
coloured
The legs of the table are ______
thick _____.
glass
while the table top is made of _____
easy to _____.
clean
Very beautiful
_______ and very ______
D: …
cold and _____
hard thing.
A: No, I don’t like such ____
wood would look
I think a table made of ______
much nice.Wood is warm
____, and makes you
comfortable
feel __________.
D: …
S: That’s no problem. I can show you some
nice ______
modern tables that ____
look ___
as __
if
really ___
they were made of wood.
A: Great! We are also looking for something on
wall
the wall. There’s a big piece of white ____
over the sofa
____.
painting or perhaps
S: Were you thinking of a _______
poster or something…
a ______
D: Yes. Could you show us something?
S: Something classical?
something modern
A: Oh, no. You can show us ________
______.
I like classical things in the kitchen and the
bedroom, but our living room is quite
Listening
p18
modern. Isn’t it, Danny?
By the
D: __
___ way
___, we are also looking for two
comfortable chairs, something modern and
at ___
the same
time Would you
classic __
____ _____.
have anything like that?
S: Oh dear! Oh dear! What would you mean
____ by
__
that?
fine ___
but ____
also
A: Well, something classic
_____ and ____
cool, you know.
Listening:
1 Listen to the tape. Tick the things
which Amy talks about.
(
) kitchen table
(
) something on the wall
(
) heater
(
) double bed
(
) fridge
(
) sofa
Comfortable chairs
(
) wooden tables
(
) classical music
(
) honey
2. Listen to the tape again and tick the
sentences that are true.
(
) 1. Amy only like classical furniture.
(
) 2. Danny prefers modern things.
( ) 3. They choose a kitchen table
made of wood.
( ) 4. The shop assistant doesn’t
understand what Amy and Danny want.
( ) 5. Amy and Danny know very well
what they want.
3. Listen to the following sentences from
the dialogue. Write down the missing
words.
1. we can use a few more things , and
perhaps replace some very old pieces .
2. I think a table made of wood
would
look much nicer.
3. Wood is warm , and makes you feel
comfortable .
4. There’s a big piece of white
over the sofa
wall
.
5. Oh no. You can show us something
modern .
Speaking-preferences about furniture
Suppose you have a flat in a modern
building, what kind of furniture do
you want to choose your furniture.
Speaking:
Preferences about furniture
Style
Characteristics
Traditional
Good functionality/Quality
High value/heavy/personal
style/unchanged color
Modern
Colourful
Fashionable
Comfortable
Language points in warming up
listening and speaking:
Ⅰ. Words:
1. Preference
n.
偏爱，喜好，优先
have a preference for 更喜欢…
show preference to
in preference to
• I have a preference for fairy story.
• A teacher shouldn’t show preference to
any one of the students.
• I’d choose the small car in preference to
the larger one.
prefer vt.
prefer sth./to do sth./doing sth.
prefer sth. to sth.
prefer doing sth. to doing sth.
prefer sb. (not) to do sth.
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
prefer that … should do…
• So you prefer milk / to live abroad / living abroad?
• At the moment, he preferred not to think about the
future.
• I prefer the quiet countryside to the noisy cities.
• I prefer doing to talking.
• I prefer her not to come.
• He preferred to stay at home rather than go with us.
• She preferred that we should have a discussion right
after the lecture.
2. design vt.
He is designing a house for his
friend.
be designed to do /for … 目的是，
打算给…用
The toy is designed for children
above three.
n. She attended a school of
dress design.
The building is poor in design.
have designs on / against…
对…别有用心，对…有不良企图
He has designs on that girl.
They have designs on your
money.
3. furniture UN
a piece of furniture
4. taste n. 爱好，鉴赏力；味道，味觉
She has a taste for modern jazz.
He shows good taste in music.
vt. taste +n.
+adj.
5. modern -----ancient / traditional
6. convenient ------convenience
When is it most convenient for
us to meet?
His house is in a convenient
place, near the station.
It is a convenience to live in the
downtown.
At your convenience
For convenience(‘s) sake
If it suits one’s convenience
Come to me at your earliest
convenience.
For convenience(‘s) sake, we use an
apple as a globe.
Let’s make it tomorrow, if it suits
your convenience.
7. block
a block of
8. stand----- tolerate/ bear/
put up with
stand sth./ sb.
I can’t stand this pain/ hot weather.
stand to do/ doing
I can’t stand to live with her.
This blouse didn’t stand washing.
Ⅱ.
Phrases
1. 如果某人方便的话
2. 自由的，不受约束的
3. 艺术品
4. 很多件家具
if it is convenient
for sb. to do sth.
to sb.
be/feel free to do sth.
works of art
many pieces of furniture
prefer sth. to sth.
5. 宁愿做…，而不愿做… prefer doing sth. to doing sth.
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
would rather do sth. than do sth.
6. 由…制成
be made of
be made from
由…组成
be made up of
7. 对…感到兴奋,激动
be/get exited about + n/ v-ing
Ⅲ. Sentence patterns
1. If you were free to design your own dream house,
what would that house look like?
1) 句中谓语用了be 动词的过去式were,表示的不是时态，
而是虚拟语气，是对现在情况的一种假设，其结构是：
If 从句的谓语用were / did, 主句谓语用would / could +do
e.g. If I were you, I would ring her up right now.
If I had any money with me, I could lend you some.
2) 对过去情况表示假设时，其结构是：
If 从句的谓语用had done, 主句谓语用would / could +
have done
e.g. If you had come earlier, you would have seen your
favorite star.
If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in
the examination.
从句谓语
主句谓语
过去情况
had done
would/could/might
have done
现在情况
did/were
would/could/might
do
将来情况
did/were
should do
were to do
would/could/might
do
If you had taken my advice, you would have finished it earlier.
If I were you, I would go there now.
3. I can’t stand /bear/tolerate… 不能忍受……，不能坚持
can’t stand +doing / n.
e.g. I can’t stand waiting any longer.
我再也等待不下去了。
This work will hardly stand close examination.
这工作几乎经不起仔细的检查。
They can’t stand other people having the same
faults as themselves.
别人有了同样毛病他们就受不了啦。
Modern Architecture
Pre-reading & Reading & Post-reading
The changeable shapes
of modern architecture
clouds/smoke cloud
snail
egg
Seashell/ship sails
Name some well-known architects,
and their works in the world.
Antonio
Gaudi
China
Qianjiang Bridge
Liang
Sicheng
Spain
The monument to the
People’s Heroes
Frank Lioyd
Wright
China
Mao Yisheng
America
Zhan Tianyou
China
Guggenheim Museum in
New York
Sagrada Familia
神圣家族教堂
Peking-zhangjiakou
Railway in China
Antonio Gaudi:(1852-1926)
One of Spain’s most internationally
recognized architects. Antonio Gaudi has left
his mark throughout Barcelona and Catalonia.
He combined traditional elements with
fanciful ideas which paved the way for future
architects to step outside the box.
He is most recognized
for his work on
“La Sagrada Familia
Antonio Gaudi
Frank Lioyd Wright
He is called the greatest American architect
because he started an American style in
architecture. His building were not only
beautiful, but they were also functional. The
most important idea in Frank Lioyd Wright’s
style of architecture is that a building must fit
it’s purpose and the land around it. His houses
are often called “grass-land houses” because
their lines are similar to the lines on the grass
land.
Look through the
text fast and
decide whether
the following
statements are
true or false.
True or False Statements
T 1. Ancient and modern architecture were designed,
planned and built in different styles.
F 2. The passage tells us the development of
modernism.
T 3. Different styles of architecture used different
materials.
F 4. The impression that modern architecture gives
us is friendly.
F 5. Ancient architecture is far from nature.
T 6. Gaudi designed his works from nature.
F 7. Some famous architecture such as Opera House
and the new Olympic Stadium was a combination
of ancient and modern styles.
Guess: Which of the following topics will
the reading passage deal with?
1.The text is about classical Chinese
architecture.
2.Some modern architecture takes
examples from nature. √
3.The text is about parks and gardens.
Read the text quickly,try to divide the
texts into four parts, and find the main
idea of each part.
A. The differences between
Part 1(para.___)
1
2
Part 2(para.___)
traditional.. and modern..,and
why ancient architecture had
many beautiful buildings
3-5 )
Part 3(para. ___
B. Every great culture in the past
had its own ideas of beauty
expressed in art and architecture
6-8 )
Part 4(para.___
C. Examples of famous
architects and great buildings
that take examples from nature.
D. How and when modernism
came into being.
Part 1
Every great culture has its
own ideas of beauty expressed
in art and architecture.
每一种伟大的文化都是通过艺
术和建筑表现自己的美学思想
Language points
1. Every great culture in the past had its
own ideas of beauty expressed in art and
architecture.
每种优秀文化都用艺术和建筑来表达
他们对美的认识。
When you look around at buildings,
streets, squares and parks, you will find
them designed, planned and built in
different styles.
当你环顾周围的建筑，街道，广场和
公园时，你就会发现他们是以不同风格
设计、规划和建筑的。
had its own ideas of beauty expressed
in art and architecture和find them
designed, planned and built in different
styles是动词 +宾语+宾语补足语结构，
过去分词作宾语补足语表示该动作和
宾语是被动关系。
e.g.
The villagers had many trees planted
just then.
We can hear the windows beaten by
the heavy rain drops.
find +n +adj. /n /doing /done /adverb
/prepositional phrase/ to be
e.g.
I find Russian grammar very difficult.
Will you find me a file? /Will you find
a file for me?
Modern buildings impress us because
they are huge, but many people do not
find them beautiful.
If you are found playing games at work,
you will be dismissed.
Part 2:How and when modernism came into being.
Question:
Who invented modernism? Why?
A group of architects who wanted to
change society with buildings that
went against people’s feeling of
beauty
They wanted their buildings constructed
in a way to look unnatural.
2. Modernism was invented in the 1920s
by a group of young architects who
wanted to change society with buildings
that went against people’s feeling of
beauty.
现代主义是由一群想用背离人们审美标
准的建筑来改变社会的年轻建筑师在二十
世纪二十年代创立的。
go against
1）违反，违背
She went against her father’s will.
It goes against my wishes to leave the
country.
2）对……不利
The case may go against us.
The game is going against the visiting
team.
Part 3 The differences between traditional.. and
modern.., and why ancient architecture had many
beautiful buildings.
What are the materials of modern architecture?
What about traditional architecture?
Compare ancient architecture with modern architecture
shape
ancien
t
Nature does
archite not have any
c-ture
straight
lines.
Huge, like
moder
boxes with flat
n..
roofs, sharp
corners and
glass walls
material feeling
earth,
stone,
brick,
wood
example
Taihe Dian
beautiful, the Temple
natural
of heaven
Cathedral
Most of
steel,
hard and modern
unfriendly buildings
glass,
look the
concrete,
same
3. Modern buildings impress us because
they are huge, but many people do not
find them beautiful.
现代建筑因为庞大引人注目，但是许
多人发现他们并不漂亮。
impress v 引人注目, 给人深刻印象
The sights of the city never fail to
impress foreign tourists.
常与on连用 使印象深刻; 使铭记
His words strongly impressed on my
memory.
My father impressed on me the value
of hard work.
impression n.印象, 感想
What were your first impressions of
London?
What I said made practically no
impression on him.
First impressions are most lasting.
[谚]最初的印象最深刻; 先入为主。
4. Both in the choice of materials and
shape of buildings, ancient architecture
stands much closer to nature.
在建筑的材料和形状选择方面，古
建筑更接近大自然。
close adv.接近地；紧密地
Travelling is a good way to get close to
nature.
Don’t stand so close to each other.
close
wide
high
deep
接近地
广阔地
高地
深地
closely
widely
highly
deeply
密切地
广泛地
高度地
深深地
不带-ly表具体，带ly表抽象。
请认真区分下列句子：
1) The two events are closely connected.
Don’t get close to the dog. He may
bite you.
2) He stared at the sky with wide open
eyes.
English is widely used in the world.
3) The kite is flying high in the sky.
The teacher spoke highly of Zhao
Ming.
4) They dug deep for the treasure.
They were deeply thankful to the
professor.
Part4 Who are the two architects mentioned in the text
whose work was inspired by nature?
Gaudi
Wright
Sydney opera house
eyes, bones, fish, dragon
seashells
What idea do you think
the architect wants to
express?
warm
Friendly
“Joining modern and
nature together”
What does the 2008
Olympic Stadium in
Beijing look like?
Seen from the top ,it looks as if the
stadium is covered by a grey net of
steel ,and it looks just like a bird’s
nest made of tree branches.
5. Despite the fact that he used
traditional materials, Gaudi was a
Modern architect.
尽管使用传统材料，但高迪却是
一名现代建筑师。
despite prep.不管, 尽管, 不论
Despite the bad weather, we enjoyed
our holiday.
6. Seen from the top, it looks as if the
stadium is covered by a gray net of steel,
and it looks just like a bird’s nest made of
tree branches.
从顶上观看，它就像一个由灰色钢网
覆盖的体育馆，并且看起来正像是用树
枝搭成的鸟巢。
Seen from the top 过去分词短语作状语，
和主语it是被动关系，表示it被观看。
连词词组as if /though“好似”，“就好
像”，通常接方式状语从句 。
e.g.: This American girl speaks Chinese
as if／though she were a Chinese．
made of tree branches过去分词短语作
nest的定语，表被动。
Reading comprehension
1. Why did architects in the 1920’s want their
buildings unnatural?
A. They didn’t like traditional architecture style.
B. They wanted to change people’s feelings of
beauty.
C. They didn’t like building materials such as
earth, stone, brick and wood.
D. They like building materials such as steel, glass
and concrete.
B
2. In what ways is ancient architecture different
from modern architecture?
A.√ materials, shapes B. roofs, corners C. size,
height
D balconies, windows
3. Which of the following belongs to modern
architecture?
A. Taihe Dian
B. The Temple of Heaven
C. The Opera House in Sydney
D. The great European Cathedrals
C
4. From the passage we can infer that ________.
D
A. the writer prefers the ancient buildings to
modern ones
B. the writer prefers traditional materials to
modern ones
C. the writer doesn’t like modern architect at
all
D. the writer prefers buildings which look
natural to ones that look unnatural
Modern architecture compared
with traditional architecture
Items
Beginning
Modern architecture
When
Who
Why
In the 1920s
a group of architects who wanted
to change society
go against people’s felling of
beauty, look unnatural
Materials
Modern
Features
Traditional
steel, glass, concrete
feelin
huge, look likes boxes,
Shapes g
flat roofs,sharp corners,glass wall
earth, stone, brick, wood
Materials
Shapes
beautiful, stand much closer
to nature
Try to find two architectures whose works was
inspired by nature . What inspired them?
Antonio Gaudi
Who designed balconies that look like eyes ;parts
of building that look like bones ;walls that look as
if they are covered with the skin of a fish; roofs
that look like that back of a dragon.
Frank Lloyd Wright
Who designed a building that looks like a
Japanese seashell.
Describe your feelings about the design of 2008
Olympic Stadium in Beijing what idea do you
think the architect wants to express?
Reading
1.What do the words in bold refer to ?
them: refers to the buildings that look like boxes
with flat roofs,sharp corner and glass walls
that act as mirrors
that : refers to the idea that nature doesn’t have
any straight lines
his:
refers to Antonio Gaudi
it:
refers to the new Olympic Stadium in Beijing
Reading
4. Why do some people think modern
buildings look unnatural and why do
they experience them as cold and
unfriendly
Reading
4.Traditional and modern architecture make use of
different groups?
1. Into which two groups can we divide those materials
mentioned in the text?
2. Fill in the chart and put the materials into the different
group
3. What other material belong to these groups ?Add them
Group1
Natural materials
Earth stone brick wood
Other:reed bamboo clay marble
Group2
Man-made materials
Steel glass
Other : iron
Antonio Gaudi
Frank Lloyd Wright
Beijing Olympic stadium
Temper of Heaven
Altar of Heaven
Language study
Study the example and fill in the blanks with the words
in the box .You may change the form if necessary.
A is to B what C is to D
Example : A nest is to a bird what a house is to a man.
1._____
Honeyis to a bee what milk is to a cow .
2.Smell is to the nose what ____is
taste to the tongue .
3._______is
Furniture to the living room what playground
equipment is to the playground .
4.A ____is
sail to a boat what an engine is to a car.
net to a fisherman what a gun is to a hunter.
5. A ___is
6. Arms are to the body what branch
_____are to a tree.
Grammar
said
1. I don’t want any bad words _____(say)
about him behind
his back.
2. Please get the work _____(do)
as soon as possible .
done
3. I’ll have the materials sent
____(send)so you next Monday
morning .
cut
4. She won’t have her long and beautiful hair ____(cut)short.
5. You should make your voice _____(hear)
.
heard
informed
6. I want you to keep me ________(inform)of
how things
are going with you .
paid
7. The price is fine with me .How would do like it ____(pay).
8. At last I succeeded in making myself understood
(understand).
Listening
Listen again and fill in the chart ,What are the
differences between old buildings in China and in
Europe?
China
Europe
Buildings made of wood
Buildings made of stone
Built about 250300years ago
Built about 3001000years ago
Often destroyed
All parts replaced every
100years
Not often destroyed
Parts are not often replaced
Complete the following sentences.
1. Unlike the Great Wall and city
_________of
walls
, for example
Xi’an ,which were made of bricks
_______,most of important
buildings in Chinese ancient architecture were
constructed of ______.
wood.
bricks to construct
2. Western architect chose stone
_____and_____
their buildings .
fires
3. Earthquakes
________ and_____destroyed
many buildings in China .
4. Not many ancient buildings in China are left .Much of
what see today was built during the time of Qianlong.
________.
5. As a result of the sue of different materials
_______Western
people and Chinese people have different idea about
architecture .
Vocabulary
Add a word part to the following words so that they
match the definition in bracket.
Modernism (a style of
Example : modern+ -ism
architecture ,started in the1920s)
1. un + natural
(not natural)
unnatural
2. develop + ment
development (the process of develop)
3. apart + ment
apartment (a set of rooms on one
floor of a large building )
4. un
+friendly
unfriendly
(not friendly
construction
5. construct + ion
constructing a building )
(the process of
Vocabulary
1 蜜月 honeymoon
2 发型 hairstyle
3 生活方式 lifestyle
4 海贝 seashell
5 帆板 sailboard
6 茶馆 teahouse
7 工作日 workday
8 售货员 shop assistant
9 网络 network
10 作坊 workshop
Translation
1. The building is designed so that it looks like a bird’s
nest .Most people who have seen it would agree that it
is an interesting design.
2.This cup of tea tastes special .Yes ,I know , there’s a
taste of honey in it .
3.The ship from Dalian to Shanghai is sailing in ten
minutes .The sailors are pulling up the sail.
4.The Spring Festival was coming .Mum wanted the
doors
painted ,so Dad bought the best paint
.
Grammar
Rewrite the following sentences using the Past Participle
1.He got someone to fix his bike.
He got his bike fixed.
2. How do you want them to decorate the room.
How do you want the room decorated?
3.His only wish for his money is to have a school built
for children from poor families.
His only wish for his money is to have a school
built for children from poor families.
Grammar
4.Don’t you want them to take his temperature.
Don’t you want his temperature taken?
5.I want them to mend these clothes as soon as
possible.
I want these clothes mended as soon as
possible.
Grammar Decorating tip
Get the room ________in
decorated summer before the start
of the rainy season .
It is better to have the decoration checked
_______by an
experienced designer .
Make sure your plan isunderstood
__________by the
workers before they begin .
When the work is done ,have your new living
environment________
planed to make sure it is safe to
live in.
Integrating Skills
Why can’t we use old art to decorate
public building?
Because ideas about society are always
changing and every period of time has its
own taste , there is always a need for new
art .So we can’t use old art to decorate
public buildings
Integrating Skills
1.Who owns collections of ancient statues
and paintings?
Museum
Companies
Rich people
Integrating Skills
What are the function of art in society?
Decoration
Enriching life
Instruction
Integrating Skills
Look at the three art works below and
write down the main function of each
Decoration
Instruction
Enriching life
Talking
Where does art belong?