Global Assessment Report for
Disaster Risk Reduction 2011
About ISDR and DRR
ISDR: International Strategy for Disaster
Reduction
• Successor programme of the IDNDR
(International Decade for Natural Disaster
Reduction, 1989-1999)
• GA Res 54/219 and 56/195 establish the
secretariat, under the authority of the USG for
Humanitarian Affairs, and the IATF-DRR
• GA Res A/RES/61/198 transforms the IATFDR into the Global Platform for DRR, thus
including Governments
What is Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)?
• A conceptual framework consisting of
ways and means:
– To minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks.
– To avoid (prevention) or to limit (mitigation and
preparedness) the adverse impacts of hazards
within the broad context of sustainable
development.
World Conference on Disaster Reduction
Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (HFA)
- Building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters
• 168 Governments, 78 regional and int’l orgs, and 161
NGOs attended
• Integrate disaster risk reduction into policies, plans and
programmes of sustainable development and poverty
reduction
• Recognize risk reduction as both a humanitarian and
development issue – in the context of sustainable
development
• Focus on national and local implementation, with bilateral,
multilateral, regional and international cooperation
World Conference on Disaster Reduction
Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (HFA)
• Three strategic goals:
•The integration of disaster risk reduction into
sustainable development policies and planning
•The development and strengthening of institutions,
mechanisms and capacities to build resilience to
hazards
•The systematic incorporation of risk reduction
approaches into the implementation of emergency
preparedness, response and recovery programmes
World Conference on Disaster Reduction
Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (HFA)
• Five priorities for action:
•Governance: ensure that disaster risk reduction is a
national and local priority with strong institutional basis
for implementation
•Risk identification: identify, assess and monitor disaster
risks and enhance early warning
•Knowledge: use knowledge, innovation and education
to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels
•Reducing the underlying risk factors in various sectors
(environment, health, construction, etc.)
•Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective
response
Build a disaster risk reduction
movement – ISDR system
 Our
objective:
To reduce disaster risk,
worldwide, focussing on
nations and communities
 The instrument:
Hyogo Framework for
Action 2005-2015
 The vehicle:
ISDR system - ‘movement ’
About the GAR
Global Assessment Reports (GAR)
• Both a product and process – for evidence
generation and policy engagement
• Engaging partners from governments, UN
agencies, international organisations, civil
society organisation, academic institutions and
many more since 2007
• Two iterations, in 2009 and 2011
• Both launched by UN Secretary General and
received highest level of attention
• Informed the 2nd and 3rd session of the Global
Platform
Global Assessment Report (GAR)
• More than 500,000 chapter down loads
• More than 10,000 copies distributed
• More than 130 governments participated
in reviewing their progress in DRR
• More than 25 countries developed national
disaster loss databases
• More than 30 organizations participated in
research and analysis
GAR 2009: Risk and poverty in a
changing climate
• Focused on the identification of drivers of
risk and what needs doing
• Increase our understanding of the causal
factors of risk and of it’s consequences for
human and economic development
• Propose policy initiatives to address gaps
and challenges
GAR 2011: Revealing Risk, Redefining
Development
• Focused on drivers of risk reduction and on
how to address the challenges in doing so
• Provided policy recommendations for
governments to adapt and use public
investment planning, social protection and
other development instruments to upscale
risk reduction
• Revealed some new and key aspects of
disaster risk and trends in risk reduction
GAR 2009 Main Findings
Disaster risk is intensively
concentrated
it’s unevenly distributed…..
22.5 million exposed
per year
GDPcap. US$31,267
HDI =0.953
Mortality ratio = 1
16 million exposed
per year
GDP cap. US$5,137
HDI = 0.771
Mortality ratio = 17
…… is increasing globally
and….. hits small countries hardest.
Global risk is driven by poverty and weak governance
Risk is also extensively spread …..
………….and increasing rapidly
….. feeds back into poverty
driven by…….. deficient urban and local
governance
...vulnerable rural livelihoods
and ... declining ecosystem services
……magnified by climate change
Mixed progress in reducing risk
the key message
In order to:
Reduce disaster risk and achieving the Hyogo Framework of Action
Adapt to climate change
Achieve the Millennium Development Goals Goals
Address the underlying risk drivers:
poor urban governance;
ecosystem decline;
vulnerable rural livelihoods
GAR 2011 Main Findings
Growing losses – insignificant investment
in disaster risk management
Disaster losses by Presidential period Mexico 1982 – 2009
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Increased exposure of people and economic
activities to weather-related hazards
Population exposed to tropical cyclones,
China coast section
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Falling mortality – rising economic loss risk
Cyclone mortality risk
Flood economic loss risk
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
A real-time window on investment in risk
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Risk – the future.
Synchronic failures and sequential crisis ?
Populations and economies exposed to tsunamis
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Mixed progress towards achieving the HFA
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Low investment in vulnerability reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Systematically account for disaster losses
Number of education facilities damaged (1970-2009)
Kilometers of road damaged (1970-2009)
per province (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, Venezuela)
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
What is destroyed and by what
type of disaster?
Intense and strong but
rare disasters
Weak and extensive but
common disasters
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Typhoon severity, and causes of disasters
The stronger the
typhoon, the less
effective vulnerability
reduction is
Vulnerability
Exposure
Stronger typhoons
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Use public investment planning
“Prevention is better than cure”
Planning is better than
relocation or retrofitting
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
… be selective in
corrective investments
Targeted investment in
a few infrastructure
projects yields more
benefits
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Protect the most vulnerable
Employment Guarantee Programmes
Conditional Cash Transfers
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Reform risk governance
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Revealing Risk, Redefining Development