Overview
UN OCHA’s in Nepal
Disaster Preparedness and Response
Ram Prasad Luetel
Humanitarin Advisor
UN OCHA/UN Resident Coordinator’s Office in Nepal
Email: luetel@un.org
Structure of Presentation
1. UN OCHA in Nepal and contribution in preparedness
2. Cluster System in Nepal
3. Humanitarian Actors ???
4. Cluster Contingency Plan 2012/13
5. Response Coordination Mechanism
 Government
 Non-Government
 Joint Coordination mechanism
6. Relevant Websites
7. Q & A
Who We Are
OCHA is the part of the United Nations
Secretariat responsible for bringing
together humanitarian actors to ensure
a coherent response to emergencies.
General Assembly Resolution 46/182, Dec 1991
Credit: OCHA/Tagaza Djibo
UN OCHA in Nepal
• Established in 2005,
• UN OCHA coordinates inter-agency
humanitarian response preparedness and
response,
• Recently, downsized to Humanitarian Advisory
Team and works within the UN RC Office,
• Etc..
Joint Framework on Disaster Preparedness and
Response
•Levels
•Government level
•International Humanitarian
Community
•Policy
level
•Cabinet
•Resident/Humanitarian
Coordinator
•Strategic
level
•Central Natural Disaster
Relief Committee
•Operation • Ministry of Home Affairs
• Regional Disaster Relief
al level
Committee
• District Disaster Relief
Committee
• Humanitarian Country Team
•Nepal Risk Reduction Consortium
• Cluster Coordination Mechanism
• Association of INGOs (AINTGDM)
• DPNet (Joint Forum of I/NGOs,
UN, RCRC, others)
Key Achievements on Humanitarian Preparedness
(2005 -2014)
A. Policy Advocacy





National Strategy on Disaster Risk Management 2009
National Disaster Response Framework 2013
National Strategy on USAR capacity developed 2014
Nepal Risk Reduction Consortium Established
Guidance Note 2011 Disaster Preparedness and Response
Planning; -All districts DPRP
 DRR Focal Persons/Disaster Units established in
Ministries/Departments/Security Offices
 Emergency Customs Clearance Procedures (Model Agreement)
 Dead Body Management Guidelines…
Key Achievements on Humanitarian Preparedness
(2005 -2014)
B. Information Management
 Guidelines on Common joint needs assessment tools developed
 Established Emergency Operation Centres
 Exposures visit to Gov officials including security forces in different
SIMEX/INSARAG, Civil Military courses ….
 Open spaces (83) Identified –implementation started
 Nepal Information Platform continued from RCO Office
 Information Products and Mapping Tools (RC Office)
Key Achievements on Humanitarian Preparedness
(2005 -2014)
C. Coordination Support








Cluster approach rolled out in 2008 & strengthened Inter-Cluster
coordination, Contingency Plan prepared/updated
Set of coordination mechanism during mega disasters;
LEMA/NEOC, OSOCC and MNMCC (as per NDRF)
OCHA facilitates OSOCC & RDC establishment
INSARAG exercise held in 2009 & 2012
Civil Military Coordination training held & meeting continue
Security forces engaged in different national simulations
Joint coordination meetings (humanitarian/Gov) continue
Coordinated response during Koshi Floods 2008
Key Achievements on Humanitarian Preparedness
(2005 -2014)
D. Humanitarian Financing
Humanitarian financing increased (2008-2012)
-CERF, ECG, CAP
The inter-cluster coordination is one of the most
important achievements
Cluster System in Nepal
Cluster Leads (Government)
Cluster Co-Leads
 Emergency Health
Min of Health & Population
 Water, Sanitation & Hygiene
Min of Urban Development
(Humanitarian Agency)
WHO
UNICEF
 Emergency Food Security
Min of Agri. Development
 Emergency Logistics
Min of Home Affairs
 Emergency Shelter
Min of Urban Development
 Emergency Protection
Min. of Women & Social Welfare
 Emergency Telecomm
Min. of Information
Communication
Min of Urban Development
Clusters (since 2008)
 Camp Coordination & Camp
Mgmt
 Emergency Education
Min. of Education
 Emergency Nutrition
Min of Health & Population
 Early Recovery (as a
network)
Min of Federal Affairs/Local Dev
and Min of Urban Development
FAO & WFP (Rotational)
WFP
IFRC (Nepal Red Cross)
UNHCR /UNICEF/UNFPA
WFP
IOM
UNICEF /Save the Children
UNICEF
UNDP
Cluster Contingency Plan 2012/13
Every Cluster has prepared cluster contingency plan and updated in
2013 based on the scenarios of major Earthquake impact in KTM
Valley (> 8.2 Rector quake)
Scenario:
Total projected population:
2.5 -3.0 Million (2011 CBS)
Total Buildings:
500K
60% Buildings Damage:
300K Buildings
Homeless Population:
1.8-2.1 M
Death:
100,000
Serious Injury:
100,000
Moderate Injury:
200,000
Who are the Humanitarian Actors?
(cluster mechanisms)
1. Affected Country (Government and Civil Society)
2. Military / Security Forces
•
National Forces: Nepalese Army, Nepal Police, Armed Police Force
•
International Military Forces: …..
3. UN Agencies and International Organizations
4. Red Cross/Red Crescent Movement:
•
IFRC and National Societies
•
ICRC
5. Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
•
International
•
National
6. Donors
7. Private Sector: FNCCI/…
8.
Others including media, ……
Response Coordination
Mechanism
Government Response Coordination Mechanism
UN Resident /
Humanitarian Coordinator
Humanitarian
Cluster Activated
International Appeal
Government
Agencies
GON Declares Disaster
(area, time)
CNDRC meeting held
INGOs & others
MoHA, / NEOC
Red Cross
Movements
Donors &
others
Disaster
Situation Analysis
(CDO, DDRC)
Non-Government Response Coordination Mechanism
Humanitarian Country Team
(Principal).
Chair: HC
Members: AIN, FAO, IFRC, IOM,
OHCHR, OCHA, UNMIN, UNDP,
UNFPA, UNHCR, UNICEF, WFP,
WHO, Standing Invitees, ICRC
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Humanitarian Country Team
(Operational).
Chair: OCHA
8.
9.
10.
11.
Members: Cluster Leads, AIN, FAO, IFRC,
IOM, NRCS, OHCHR, SC, UNDP, UNFPA,
UNHABITAT, UNICEF, WFP, WHO, ICRC
(Observers.)
Camp Coordination & Camp Mgmt
Education
Shelter
Health
Nutrition
Protection
Water, Sanitation & Hygiene
Food Security
Telecomm
Logistics
Early Recovery (as a network)
Government Cluster
Focal Points
Cluster
Coordination
Resident or Humanitarian
Coordinator
Joint Response coordination mechanism between National Authorities and
International Actors during mega disaster response
Central Natural Disaster
Relief Committee
(CNDRC)
Assisting
International
Forces 1
Assisting
International
Forces 2
Assisting
International
Forces 3
NEOC/LEMA
Multi-National
Military Force
Coordination
Center
On Site Operations
Coordination
Centre (OSOCC)
Resident
Coordinator
UN Agencies,
Funds and
Programmes
I/NGOs
Red Cross
Movements
International
Responders
Ongoing Activities on Disaster
Response Preparedness and Risk
Reduction Measures in Nepal
Disaster Preparedness and Response Initiatives
•
GoN endorsed the National Strategy on Disaster
Risk Management 2009 and in implementation;
•
GoN and UN has jointly signed an Model
Agreement (Customs Procedures) to expedite
import, export and transit of relief consignments
during the major disasters;
•
Risk Reduction/Flagship Program developed as an
Overarching strategy where GoN and International
communities (2011-2015) work together;
•
GoN endorsed and implemented widely the
Guidance Note for preparing the Disaster
Preparedness Plan 2011 at district and local levels;
Cont…DPR Initiatives
•
District Disaster Preparedness and Response Plans
developed in all districts;
•
National Disaster Response Framework approved;
•
83 open spaces Identified to use as evacuation and other
humanitarian purpose in KTM valley;
•
National Emergency Operation Center established;
•
Ten Clusters and one Early Recovery network have
prepared Contingency Plan;
•
DRR Focal Point established in key Ministries, Prime
Minister Office, National Planning Commission and
Security Forces;
•
Dead Body Management Guidelines endorsed;
Cont…DPR Initiatives
•
•
•
•
5 new warehouses in regional centers;
Disaster Management Training Centre
(first of its kind) established at Armed
Police Force;
Get Airport Ready for Disaster (GARD)
Training held in 2010 ;
TIA is implementing GARD Training
recommendations e.g. retrofitting of the
existing facilities, preparation of Airport
Contingency Plan and procurement of
heavy equipments;
Cont…DPR Initiatives
•
Several simulation exercises organized with
the support of various partners (mil-mil and
civ & mil etc..);
•
Retrofitting
underway;
•
Line Ministries established DM Unit
•
Security Forces established separate DM
Unit;
•
Program for Enhancement of Emergency
Response (PEER) trainings has been initiated
since 1998 (MFR, CSSR, HOPE and other
specialized courses like Water Rescue, Fire
Rescue, Mountain Rescue, etc) in the
security forces;
of
Schools
and
Hospitals
Cont…DPR Initiatives
Relevant Websites
• Documents related to Nepal:
 Ministry of Home Affairs
 RC Office, Nepal
http://www.moha.gov.np/np/
www.un.org.np\disaster preparedness
• Documents related to Global level:
 Relief Web  Financial Tracking System  Humanitarian Appeals –
 Humanitarian Early Warning–
 Global Disaster Alert and Co. Sy.
 Humanitarian News and Analysis –
 Humanitarian Centers/Partners
 OCHA – Global level
 Inter-Agency Standing Committee –
www.reliefweb.int
www.reliefweb.int/fts
www.humanitarianappeal.net
www.hewsweb.org
www.gdacs.org
www.IRINnews.org
www.humanitarianinfo.org
www.ochaonline.org
www.humanitarianinfor.org/iasc
www.unocha.org