信息权利视角的图书馆职业伦理
Library Professional Ethics:
an Information Right Perspective
沙勇忠 Sha Yongzhong
兰州大学图书馆 Library of Lanzhou University
兰州大学管理学院 Management School of Lanzhou University
题目的阐释
现代信息活动知
识权力结构是不
平等的结构
信息权利成为
信息社会人的
一项基本权利
图书馆是消解知识权力结构中的不平等的重要力量，图
书馆伦理是公共信息活动职业伦理重要组成部分
The Interpretation of Topic
Knowledge power structure of
modern information activities is
a kind of inequality structure
Information rights of
human become
essential in information
society
Library is an important force that clear up unequal in
Knowledge power structure. Library ethics is an important
part of public information activities professional ethics.
Contents
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现代信息活动知识权力结构
Knowledge power structure of modern
information activities
信息权利及其伦理分析
Information rights and ethical analysis
图书馆职业伦理原则
Library professional ethical principles
一、现代信息活动知识权力结构
Knowledge power structure of modern
information activities
Library is an important
force that clear up
unequal in Knowledge
power structure
democratic
consultation
contractual
arrangements
expert control
二、信息权利及其伦理分析
Information rights and ethical analysis
从伦理学哲学角度看，权利是人类行为在道德上
有效力的要求，是个人拥有的和可以自由处置的
所有物。
From the perspective of philosophy of ethics, right is
human behavior restricted by moral requirements
that there is individual ownership and free disposal of
all materials.
信息权利——人在信息活动中合理地生产、组织、
拥有、传播和使用信息的权利。
信息权利
Information right
积极权利 Positive rights
消极权利 Negative rights
信息发布权
rights to
information
dissemination
信息安全权
information
security
知识产权
intellectual
property
信息获取权
access to
information
隐私权
privacy
1、信息发布权
Information dissemination right
人们利用信息媒体发
布合法和合乎道德规
范的信息的权利。
The right of releasing
the information that is
legal and conformable
to the moral by
information media.
2、信息获取权
Access to information
2000-2007年中国数字鸿沟变化趋势
The change of china digital gap, 2000-2007
3、隐私权 Privacy
4、知识产权
Intellectual property rights
5、信息安全权
Information security right
数字时代，信息安全主要面临非法入侵、信息加
密、电脑病毒和信息犯罪等威胁。
In digital era, illegal invasion, message encryption,
computer viruses and computer crime threatened
information security right mainly.
三、图书馆职业伦理原则
Library professional ethical principles
截止2010年5月，在IFLA网站上可检索到已颁布
图书馆职业伦理规范的国家和地区已有33个。
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• 公共存取原则 The principle of public access
• 客观公正原则 The principles of objective and fair
• 尊重隐私权与知识产权原则 The principle of respect for
privacy and intellectual property
• 精益服务原则 Lean service principles
• 人文关怀原则 The principle of humane care
1、公共存取原则
The principle of public access
2、客观公正原则
The principles of objective and fair
公正原则强调对“潜在的最小受惠者”的关注，
使图书馆在缩小或消除现实中存在的“数字鸿沟”
方面，具有尤其重要的意义。
The principles of objective and fair emphasis on
"potential beneficiaries of the minimum" attention,
so that libraries in narrow or eliminate the reality of
the existence of the "digital divide" have
demonstrated a particular significance.
3、尊重隐私权与知识产权原则
The principle of respect for privacy and
intellectual property
从读者观点看，无论读者因何目的使用图书馆，利
用图书馆的文献信息，都属于读者隐私的一部分。
图书馆员应尊重与保护读者使用信息内容的隐私。
From the reader‘s point of view, no matter what
purpose to use the library, using literature information
related to libraries, is a part of reader’s privacy.
Librarians should respect and protect the privacy of
readers to use information from library.
4、精益服务原则
Lean service principles
精益服务原则指图书馆员应适应信息环境变化，
与时俱进地调整角色，以高度的敬业精神和专业
技能为读者提供高质量的信息服务。
Lean service principles means that librarians should
adapt to changing information environment, and to
adjust themselves as time pass by. Provide readers
high quality information services with great degree of
professionalism and expertise.
Fragment of the thesaurus containing vocabulary related to the police
A thesaurus-based semantic library catalogue：
http://www.consensualknowledge.net/semlib.html
Semantic book search engine
A thesaurus-based semantic library catalogue：
http://www.consensualknowledge.net/semlib.html
5、人文关怀原则
The principle of humane care
人文关怀即将人当作目的，尊重人的价值，重视
人的全面发展。不仅蕴含于图书馆学科精神中，
也贯穿于图书馆职业精神之中，是图书馆职业的
一个基本伦理原则。
Caring about people as human purpose, respect for
human value to the all-round development.
Humanism is not only implied in the spirit of library
science, but also throughout the library professional
spirit, is one of fundamental library professional
ethical principles.
shayzh@lzu.edu.cn
http://pcim.lzu.edu.cn