INTERFACE BETWEEN
TECHNOLOGY DIPLOMACY
AND POLITICAL/ECONOMIC
DIPLOMACY
- Dr. Ved Mitra
Economic diplomacy
• Economic diplomacy is the art of serving
economic security and strategic interests of the
country by the use of economic instrument in
conduct of State to State relations.
• Economic diplomacy is designed to influence
policy and regulatory decisions of foreign
governments as well as those of international
organizations.It goes beyond trade and
investment to the resolution of multiple causes
of international conflicts
Basic objectives of economic
diplomacy
• Promotion of trade and investment
• Achieve objectives in multilateral trade
negotiations
• Energy security
SELECTED TASKS OF
ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY
• Influence economic and commercial
policies of the host country
• Work with rule-making international bodies
for shaping their decisions
• Forestall potential conflicts with foreign
governments
INTERFACE BETWEEN
ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY AND
SCIENCE DIPLOMACY
• S&T is also an important tool for countries
to promote economic diplomacy and
positively position themselves as world
leaders in some research areas to
promote international S&T partnerships
• China, India, Brazil and Russia have
developed up robust scientific systems in
parallel to their economic growth
• The governments in these newly industrializing
countries explicitly take action to associate
their development policy strategies with
industrial policies in order to thereby increase
the innovative potential in manufacturing and
services
• China for example has designed an action
plan for the development of science and
innovation until 2020
• World Science Forum in Budapest met
and discussed the great importance of
science for global development
• Structuring of further education and training
measures universally and thus promoting
qualified staff in all levels and sectors of the
economy is a part of this exercise
• Increasing collaboration between researchers
from emerging economies and already
industrialized nations
• The international economic crisis shows
clearly the limits of state policy and the
necessity of new international forms of
taxation
• It is becoming increasingly clear that
independent development strategies cannot
lead to a long-term transformation to a
science-based economy.
• Science diplomacy is based on the premise that
development can only be successful if besides
national strategies the global character of
development is also taken into account
• The economic diplomacy hence is an integral
part of science diplomacy as it the technology
affects industry and industrial produce and that
helping economy
• Global challenges such as climate change,
migration, the fight against poverty and the
development of a global knowledge
community require new common efforts in
science diplomacy and thus affecting
economic and state policy
How science and technology
plays a role both in diplomacy
and development
• Science and technology provide the objective
data for making good policy choices for
implementing policies
• science and technology provide approaches
and solutions to challenging development
and global problems
• Science and technology are an important
element in building strong international
relationships, relationships that can weather
good times and difficult times
• The most well known and familiar example is
the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC), which has played a critical
role in providing policymakers with
comprehensive analyses of the scientific data
regarding earth science and the changes
occurring
• Managing fisheries in the oceans,particularly
fisheries for stocks that cross boundary lines
separating waters under the jurisdiction of
different nations. To manage such fisheries,
nations have established a series of regional
fishery management organizations
• Another important and new example concerns
biodiversity and ecosystem services
• Now turning to the second role of science and
technology – addressing global challenges
• International collaborations are a necessity to
address complex research questions as the
scientific community is spread across the
globe
• It is the area of food security that connects
closely to the work you do and it is clear
that the world is facing a significant
challenge
• Beyond supporting the actual research,
bilateral science and technology
agreements also help facilitate cooperation
between nations by setting forth agreed to
approaches to intellectual property rights,
material transfer agreements and other
important research considerations
• The International Treaty on Plant Genetic
Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA)
is an comprehensive international agreement
which aims to enhance food security through
the conservation and sustainable use of the
world’s plant genetic resources
• From a diplomatic perspective science is an
excellent tool for building partnerships
• Science, with its value system based on
merit review, open and transparent data
and reproducibility of experimental results,
allows colleagues from across the globe to
work together
• Science and technology is dependent on
global connections
How science and technology
diplomacy helps in
economic/political diplomacy:
• TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND FDI
The abilities to create new technology and to acquire
and adapt technologies from both external and
internal sources are critical determinants of a
country’s ability to compete successfully.
Given the centrality of technology to economic and
social development, and the need of technology
acquisition by developing countries as a means of
furthering development.It is essential that countries
should be able to benefit from transfer and diffusion
of technology
INTERNATIONAL TECHNOLOGY ALLIANCES:
Establishment of network involving pasturing
activities .
Network are the product of complex interlinkages
between a wider range of enterprises.
These pasturing arrangements help to provide
sources of financing .
REFRENCES
1)Chapter 4, Economic diplomacy from Kishan
Rana’s book on ‘Bilateral diplomacy’
2) Bayne, N. and Woolcock, S. (eds.) (2003), The
New Economic Diplomacy:Decisionmaking and
negotiation in international economic relations,
Ashgate: Hampshire.
3)Berridge, G. R. (2002), Diplomacy, Theory and
Practice, 2nd edition,Palgrave:Basingstoke.
4)Some considerations about the state of the art
of the “new economic diplomacy.Pedro
Conceição Parreira
5)Economic Diplomacy and Economic Security
Peter A.G. van Bergeijk and Selwyn Moons
6)REINVENTING DIPLOMACY: A VIRTUAL
NECESSITY - Gordon S. Smith
7)SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DIPLOMACY.United nations
8)Global Connections: Science and
Diplomacy.by Dr. Kerri-Ann Jones
9)Science, Technology, and American
Diplomacy: Background and Issues for
Congress - Deborah D. Stine
10)The Economist Magazine.London