ComNets
Tutorial: Future Internet with
Information Centric Networks
Asanga Udugama(1), Carmelita Goerg(1) and Andreas Timm-Giel(2)
(1) Communications
Networks, TZI, University of Bremen
(2) Institute of Communication Networks, Hamburg University of Technology
International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability (ICIAfS)
2010 December, Colombo, Sri Lanka
Contents
ComNets
 Motivation
 Requirements
 Known Architectures
 CCN Described in detail
 Mechanisms Adopted
 Future Direction
2
ComNets
Motivation
3
Motivation
ComNets
Source: Van Jacobsen, PARC
 Commercial computing came into being during the late 60s and early
70s
 Networking was introduced for resource sharing
 Named hosts
 Model is point-to-point
4
Motivation
ComNets
 Movement of content




Predicted global IP traffic in 2014: 64 exabytes/month (4 fold from 2009) (1)
180 exabytes of content created in 2006 (2)
Global mobile traffic will double every year (mostly streaming content) (2)
Current solutions: P2P and CDNs
 Location orientation of content
 Content associated with named hosts
 Sender orientation
 Sender can send anywhere
 Securing content
 Point-to-point model
 TLS and SSL secures endpoints
(1) IDC (March, 2008). "An Updated Forecast of Worldwide Information Growth Through 2011
(2) P. Jokela, et al, “LIPSIN: Line Speed Publish/Subscribe Inter-networking”, SIGCOMM 2009
5
Motivation
ComNets
 Mobility and multi-homing
 Device mobility is the norm
 Multiple attachments
 Mobility currently based on routing or indirection
 Adaptation to disruptions
 Challenged networks – sparse connectivity, high-speed mobility, disruptions
 Problems with network based caching
 DRM issues
 Security
6
ComNets
Requirements (Expectations)
7
Requirements
ComNets
 Information as the first class citizen
 Named content not named hosts
 Security from inception
 Trusted
 Prevent attacks
 Protection from spam
 Flexible and reliable routing
 Should include multi-path content delivery
 Built-in mobility support
 Addressing
8
ComNets
Known Architectures
9
Known Architectures
ComNets
 Architectures





Sienna (Publish/Subscribe)
Data Oriented Networking Architecture (DONA)
Publish Subscribe Internet Routing Paradigm (PSIRP)
Network of Information (NetInf)
Content Centric Networking (CCN)
 Operation Differentiation






Naming
Security
Routing
Caching
Content existence knowledge
Producer-consumer meeting
10
Content Centric Networks – Operation
Interest
Check Pending
Interests Table
Data
Check Content Store
Check Pending
Interests Table
Check Forwarding
Information Base
11
ComNets
Content Centric Networks – Stack
ComNets
(1)
 Change of network abstraction from “named hosts” to “named




content”
Security built-in: secures content and not the hosts
Mobility is present by design
Can handle static as well as dynamic content
Use of 2 messages: Interest and Data Object
(1) Van Jacobson, et al, Networking Named Content, CoNEXT 2009
12
Content Centric Networks – ArchitectureComNets
Face 1
Content Store
Wireless
Face 2
Pending Interest
Table (PIT)
Wired
CCN Forwarding
Logic
Face 3
Forwarding Information
Base (FIB)
Application
CCN Forwarding Engine
 Each CCN entity has 3 main data structures
 Content Store, Pending Interest Table, Forwarding Information Base
 Uses multicast/broadcast
 Uses “longest prefix matching” lookup for content names
13
Content Centric Networks – Messages
ContentName
ContentName
Selector
Signature
Nonce
Signature Information
Interest Packet
Data
Data Packet
 Purpose of messages
 Interests request for content
 Data serves these requests
 No fixed length fields and uses an XML encoding format
14
ComNets
Content Centric Networks – Names
User/Application Name
ComNets
Versioning &
Segmentation
/uni-bremen.de/comnets/lecture/Kommunikationsnetze-I.pdf/v1/s0
 Core of CCN uses content names for forwarding
 Applications can interpret names the way they want
15
Content Centric Networks - CS
ComNets
Name
Data
...
...
/uni-bremen.de/comnets/lecture/Kommunikationsnetze-I.pdf/v1/s0
...
...
...
Content Store
 Uses “longest prefix matching”
 Implements policies such as LRU or LFU for content replacement
 Content do not necessarily have to be persistent (only cached)
16
Content Centric Networks – PIT
ComNets
Prefix
Pending Faces
...
...
/uni-bremen.de/comnets/lecture/Kommunikationsnetze-I.pdf/v1/s1
2
...
...
PIT
 Uses “longest prefix matching”
 An entry may point to multiple faces
 Must time out and not held permanently
17
Content Centric Networks – FIB
ComNets
Prefix
Forwarding Faces
...
...
/uni-bremen.de/comnets
1, 2
...
...
FIB
 Uses “longest prefix matching”
 Similar to IP FIB
 Destination may have number of faces
18
Content Centric Networks – Interest
19
ComNets
Content Centric Networks – Data
ComNets
20
ComNets
Mechanisms Adopted
21
Mechanisms Adopted – Summary I
ComNets
 Content Centric Networks






Naming: Hierarchical naming, single address
Security: Signed content
Routing: Longest prefix matching
Caching: Local or network based
Content existence knowledge: Not part of the CCN core
Producer-consumer meeting: Propagation of interests
 Network of Information






Naming: Flat naming
Security: Signed content
Routing: (1) Name resolution (2) Information transfer
Caching: Network based
Content existence knowledge: Through name resolution service
Producer-consumer meeting: Name resolution service provide locations
22
Mechanisms Adopted – Summary II
ComNets
 Publish Subscribe Internet Routing Paradigm






Naming: Multi-level identifiers
Security: Signed content
Routing: (1) Name resolution (2) Information transfer
Caching: Network based
Content existence knowledge: Registrations in Rendezvous system
Producer-consumer meeting: Rendezvous system provides location
 Data Oriented Networking Architecture






Naming: Flat naming
Security: Signed content
Routing: Queries are resolved to locations
Caching: Network based
Content existence knowledge: Through resolution infrastructure
Producer-consumer meeting: Resolution infrastructure provides location
23
ComNets
Future Direction
24
Future Direction
ComNets
 Projects (past and present)
 FP7 – 4WARD, SAIL
 FP7 – PSIRP, PERSUIT
 FIA – NDN
 Areas to consider








Naming (flat, hierarchical, mixed)
Architecture (Publish-subscribe or request-response)
Security (hacked algorithms)
Coexistence (different architectures)
Migration (legacy networks)
Scalability
Privacy
Deployment (users, access network operators, connectivity network operators
content providers, application developers)
25
ComNets
Thank you. Questions?
26