Name
Enrollment no
Roll no
PATEL JIGAR
130840106036
72
MISTRY CHIRAG
130840106021
62
GARASIYA JAIMISH
130840106016
14
PATEL AKASH
130840106028
55
PATEL KEYUR
130840106037
75
Guided by
- Mr. Shivang Dabhi
-Miss Ankita Upadhyay
Chapter (1)
Scope of civil engineering
Introduction ….
Impact of infrastructural development
on the economy of a country
Role of civil engineers
Importance of planning
Scheduling & construction
management
Define civil engineering…
 “Engineering is the art based primarily upon training in
mathematics & the physical sciences of utilizing economically
the forces & material of nature for the benefit of man.”
 “Civil engineering is the art of directing the great sources of
power in nature for the use & convenience of man.”
 Eng. Concerned with designing ,constructing , maintaining
works of public utility.
 Civil eng. Is concerned works like transportation , irrigation ,
& public health.
Define civil engineer…
 One who designs & maintains works of public utility is known
as civil engineer.
Some history …
 Most oldest branch …
 1st engineering college at roorkee college in 1847 … then its
renamed as thomas college of engineering in 1854 , its also
becomes 1st eng. University of India in 1949 , now its
becomes Indian Institute of technology Roorkee.
Main scope…
 Planning
 Designing
 Estimating
 Supervising construction
 Managing construction
 Maintenance of structures like roads , bridges , dams ,
buildings.
1. Scope of Civil Engineering
Branches of civil Engineering
Civil engineering is a wide field and includes many types of structure such
as residential buildings, public buildings, industrial building, roads, bridges,
tunnels, railway, dams, and canal ,airport, harbours, and ports, water
treatment plant, water supply network and drainage network. main branches
of civil engineering are classified as follows.
1.Surveying and Leveling
2. Building, Planning and Construction
3. Advanced Construction
4. Structural Engineering
5. Geotechnical Engineering
6. Water Resources Engineering
7. Transportation Engineering
8. Environmental Engineering
9. Town planning
SCOPE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
SCOPE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
The main role of civil engineering or the task of civil
engineering is planning, designing, estimating,
supervising construction, managing construction,
execution and maintenance of structure.
2.Construction of heavy structure:
 In constructing bridges, dams ,air port, under water construction,
tunnels ,pile foundation etc with advanced construction techniques.
3.Geotechnical engeneering:
Constructing several types of foundation like simple footing, well
foundation, pile foundation, coffer dams and foundation of machine
subjected to vibration is the main scope of geotechnical engeneering.
4.Transportation engeneering:
 In constructing structure related to the transportation engeneering like
roads,rail ways,tunnels,ports,harbours, run ways and air ports.
According to the function of civil engineering :
1. Surveying
2. Planning
3. Structural analysis and design
4. Professional practice
• Estimating
• Costing and accounts
• valuation
• contracts
5. Construction management
• Planning and scheduling
• Construction execution and supervision
6. Quality control and research
7. Maintenance of structure
1. Surveying
To carry out for setting out of a works and preparing map of land.
levelling is carried out of measure levels and to prepare contour map.
Maps are useful for pianning of the construction project
2.Planning:
to carry out planning of the different units accorading to their functional
needs.
technical feasibility ,study, economical viability study, environment
impact analysis, surveying and soil investigation are the different
planning activities.
3.Structural Analysis and design:
 To carry out structural design by selecting the type of steel and fixing
the size and shape of various structure componants like slab, beam
column etc.
4. professional practices:
(a) Estimating:
 To prepare estimate of work.
The producers for preparing estimate is known as estimating.
(b)Costing and accounts:
 To carry out costing to know the actual expenditure in the payment
of bills to the contractor, and any other expenditure, during construction
of the work.
(c) Valuation:
To carry out of the property like land or land with building.
Valuation is carried out for yhe property of the purpose of sale ,
purchases, insurance, taking loans and other purposes.
(d) Contracts:
On the bases of contractor’s qualification,past performance and rates
filled in the tender papers,work is allocated to the contractor.
Introduction to
Civil Engineering
Role of civil engineer
Civil - Engineer
Civil
Engineer
Related to citizen, society
The person with the knowledge
of Science & mathematics with
inventive Skill who develops
Solution for technical problems.
The Civil Engineers play role in :
•
•
•
•
•
Design
Construction
Maintenance
Demolition
Disaster of buildings
&
• Infrastructure like:
Roads, bridges, Canals, Dams…more
• Civil Engineering plays major role on
ECONOMY of the Nation.
1 . The main role of civil engineer is in
surveying,planning,designing,estimation and execution of
structures like buildings, roads, bridges, railways, ports, airports,
dams, canals, water treatement plants, water distribution network.
2. To carry out the design of structures as per the principles of
str-uctural analysis and design.He should also ensure that design is
safe , durable and economic.
3. To carry out valuation of land or building for the purpose of finding
its sale or purchase price or taxation.
4. To carry out quantity survey and to prepare estimate to know
probable cost of completion of work.
5. To invite tenders and to select contractor for the work.
6. To supervise the work during execution and to ensure progress
of work . at the end of work he has to give completion certificate and to handover the work to the user or owner.
7. To supervise the work during execution and to ensure progress
of work . at the end of work he has to give completion certificate and to handover the work to the user or owner.
8. To carry out planning of building as per its functional needs, as
suggested by client or user
How To Become A Civil Engineer
 Extensive Knowledge
 Experience
 Being Careful, Professional
Life Of A Civil Engineer
The daily duties of a civil engineer depends on job
specializations. This includes:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Preconstruction planning
Infrastructure maintenance
Surveying land
maps, and drafting software
Large amount of technical and computer work
Making decisions about schedule, materials and staffing
The Life Of A Civil Engineer
• Civil engineers have always faced the challenges of
thinking about the future: advancing civilization and
building our quality of life
• Civil engineers are problem solvers. They meet and
solve the following challenges:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Traffic congestion
Drinking water and energy needs
Urban redevelopment
Pollution
Community planning
Transportation
Scheduling Techniques
(1)Bar chart
(2)CPM
(3)PERT
comparison
ADVANTAGES OF BAR
CHART
 Very simple method & easy to
understand.
 To change in bar chat is easy.
 Progress can be known at any
stage.
 Modification in the chart is easy
.
LIMITATION OF BAR
CHART
 Useful only small & simple jobs.
 Independence of activities is not
well defined.
 Does not give guidelines where
more concentration is required.
 Uncertainties are not
considered.
Critical path method
1
EVENT
ACTIVITY
WITH
DURATION IN
WEEK
CRITICAL
PATH
Project evaluation & review
technique
 Optimistic time (to), most likely time (tm), pessimistic time (tp
), are used in PERT.
 All situations are favorable & every things happens as per
plan its call to.
 Time taken for completion of the activity called tm.
 Due to unfavorable situation when time is maximum its
called tp.
Compare in CPM
advantages
 Useful for big project having
more interrelated activities.
 Helps in calculating
completion time & it reduces
delay.
 Improves overall control &
monitoring
 Helps in proper labour &
material management.
 It result in Saving the cost.
limitation
 Does not consider
uncertainties in planning .
 CPM is not useful for
research and development
type of project .
Thank you…