Coordination of Standards for Smart Grid Distributed Renewables, Generators and
Storage DEWG
Allen Hefner
NIST Smart Grid Team
National Institute of Standards and Technology
U.S. Department of Commerce
Today’s Electric Grid
Generation
Markets and Operations
Transmission
Distribution
One-way flow of electricity
Centralized, bulk generation
Heavy reliance on coal, natural gas
Limited automation
Limited situational awareness
Consumers lack data to manage energy usage
Customer Use
Smart Grid = Electrical Grid + Intelligence
2-way flow of electricity and information
Smart Grid – Paradigm Shift
From:




Vertically integrated monopolies
Centralized generation
Limited awareness
Hierarchical network
 Deterministic control
 Generation to meet demand
 Proprietary architectures and
interfaces
 Country-specific standardization
To:




Restructured competitive markets
More distributed generation
Sensors everywhere
Multilevel distributed control and
interconnected microgrids
 Stochastic control
 Responsive demand, generation and
storage
 Open standards
 International alignment and
standards coordination
Smart Grid – U.S. National Priority
“We’ll fund a better, smarter electricity
grid and train workers to build it…”
President Barack Obama
“To meet the energy challenge and create a 21st
century energy economy, we need a 21st century
electric grid…” Secretary of Energy Steven Chu
“A smart electricity grid will revolutionize the way we use energy, but
we need standards …” Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke
Congressional Priority: EISA 2007, ARRA, oversight, new bills …
Administration Priority – www.whitehouse.gov/ostp/
• A Policy Framework for the 21st Century Grid (June 2011)
• Green Button Initiative – available to 35 Million by 2013
– www.nist.gov/smartgrid/greenbutton.cfm
The NIST Role
Energy Independence and Security Act
(2007)
In cooperation with the DoE,
NEMA, IEEE, GWAC, and other
stakeholders, NIST has “primary
responsibility to coordinate
development of a framework
that includes protocols and
model standards for information
management to achieve
interoperability of smart grid
devices and systems…”
White House Kickoff Meeting
• Commitment of industry
CEOs for their people (staff)
to participate in NIST process
to accelerate development of
a smart grid roadmap
• May 18, 2009: Meeting chaired
by Secretaries of Energy and
Commerce
• 66 CEOs and senior executives,
federal and state regulators
US Government Roles in Smart Grid
Federal
Office of Science and Technology
Policy; National Economic Council;
Council on Environmental Quality
Smart Grid Task Force /
National Science &
Technology Council
- Smart Grid
Subcommittee
Other Federal
Agencies (DoD, …)
Federal
Energy
Regulatory
Commission
State
FERC – NARUC
Smart Response Collaborative
State Public Utility Commissions
NIST Smart Grid Interoperability Plan
Stakeholder
Outreach
NIST
Staff and
Research
& Stds
Domain
Expert
Working
Groups
(w/
GWAC)
NIST /
Grass Roots
Support
2008
PHASE 1
Initial
PHASE 2
Framework Public-Private
and
Smart Grid
Standards Interoperability
based on
Panel (SGIP)
Summer
2009
PHASE 3
workshops,
Testing &
finalized
Certification
Jan2010
NEXT CHAPTER
Private-Public
“New” Smart Grid
Interoperability
Panel (2.0)
NIST Smart Grid
Research &
Standards Program
Federal Advisory
Committee Input
2009
2010 &
2011
2012
2013 and on
NIST Framework and Roadmap
• Final version 1.0 January 2010
– Public comments on draft
reviewed and addressed
http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/
• Smart Grid Vision / Model
• Priority Action Plans to
fill gaps (some completed, new)
Conceptual Model
• “Guidelines for Smart Grid Cyber
Security” NISTIR 7628, published
in September 2010
• Release version 2 February 2012
with SGIP involvement
• 100 key standards identified
– IEC, IEEE, …
http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/
NIST Smart Grid Reference Model
Release 2 adds DER Domain
NIST Smart Grid Interoperability Panel 1.0
•
•
•
•
Public-private partnership created in Nov. 2009
Over 780 member organizations, 1900 participants
Open, public process with international participation
Coordinates standards development
– Identifies Requirements
– Prioritizes standards development programs
– Works with over 20 SDOs including IEC, ISO, ITU, IEEE, …
• New SGIP 2.0 legal entity now established, private sector driven
Web-based participation
http://collaborate.nist.gov/twikisggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/SGIP
13
SGIP Organization (1.0)
Standing Committees & Work Groups
Priority Action Plan Teams
Governing Board Working Groups
Domain Expert Working Groups
SGIP Membership
PAPs - Filling Gaps in the Standards
#
Priority Action Plan
# Priority Action Plan
0
Meter Upgradeability Standard
11
Common Object Models for Electric
Transportation
1
Role of IP in the Smart Grid
12
IEC 61850 Objects/DNP3 Mapping
2
Wireless Communication for the Smart Grid
13
Time Synchronization, IEC 61850 Objects/ IEEE
C37.118 Harmonization
3
Common Price Communication Model
14
Transmission and Distribution Power Systems
Model Mapping
4
Common Scheduling Mechanism
15
Harmonize Power Line Carrier Standards for
Appliance Communications in the Home
5
Standard Meter Data Profiles
16
Wind Plant Communications
6
Common Semantic Model for Meter Data
tables
17
Facility Smart Grid Information
7
Electric Storage / DER Interconnection and
Object Model Standards
18
SEP 1.x to SEP 2.0 Transition and Coexistence
8
CIM for Distribution Grid Management
19
Wholesale Demand Response (DR)
9
Standard DR and DER Signals
20
Green Button ESPI Evolution
10
Standard Energy Usage Information
21
Weather Information
PAP 10, 20: Green Button Information
Allow consumers to download standardized data file by
clicking online “Green Button” to view their energy use
information and send to 3rd parties for value-added services
7 awards announced
in May 2012 to
demonstrate and
adopt information
tools to allow
consumers to better
manage energy use
20 utilities
committed to
provide Green
Button data access
to 31 million
customers (as of
May 2012)
Standard EUI File Format
7 Green Button
Apps for Energy
awards announced
in May-June 2012
to get the most out
of Green Button
Value-added Services
data
SGIP Organization (1.0)
PAP 7
Standing Committees & Work Groups
Priority Action Plan Teams
Governing Board Working Groups
Domain Expert Working Groups
SGIP Membership
PAP 7: Smart Grid ES-DER Standards
Task 0:
Scoping Document
Prioritized timeline for
ES-DER standards
Task 1: Use Cases,
*EPRI PV-ES Inverter
Define requirements
for different scenarios
Task 2: IEEE 1547.4 for island applications
and IEEE 1547.6 for secondary networks
Task 3: Unified interconnection method with
multifunctional operational interface for range
ofa)
storage and generation/storage.
b)IEEE 1547.8 (a) Operational interface
(b) Storage without gen
c)
(c) PV with storage
d
(d) Wind with storage
e)
(e) PEV as storage
Info exchanges
MIC
PAPs Task 4: Develop and Harmonize Object Models
IEC 61850-7-420: Expanded to include
• Multifunctional ES-DER operational interface
• Harmonized with CIM & MultiSpeak
• Map to MMS, DNP3, web services, & SEP 2
Task 5: Test, Safe and
Reliable Implementation
UL Implementation
1741, NEC-NFPA70,
SAE, CSA and IEC
IEEE 1547 Interconnection Standards
1547- 2008 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed P1547a Addendum to permit
regulation and ride-through
Resources with Electric Power Systems (EPS)
1547.1 - 2005 Standard for Conformance Test Procedures for Equipment
Interconnecting DR with EPS
1547.2 - 2008 Application Guide for IEEE 1547 Standard for Interconnection of
DR with EPS
1547.3 - 2007 Guide for Monitoring, Information Exchange and Control of DR
P1547.4 Guide for Design, Operation, & Integration
of Distributed Resource Island Systems with EPS
P1547.6 Recommended Practice for Interconnecting
DR With EPS Distribution Secondary Networks
P1547.7 Draft Guide to Conducting Distribution
Impact Studies for DR Interconnection
Recent 1547 Projects
P1547.5 Guidelines for Interconnection of EPS >10
MVA to the Power Transmission Grid
Microgrids
P1547.8
Extension of 1547,
e.g. grid support, energy
storage, ride-thru, etc.
http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/index.html
EPRI/Sandia NL Smart Inverter Initiative
Map to
Protocols
Identify
Needed
Functions
Interest Group,
Demonstrations,
PAP7, IEEE 1547
Select a
Specific Way to
Implement
each Function
Smart Inverter
Focus Group
ModbusSunspec
DNP3
Represent in
Standard
Information
Model
IEC 61850-7-420
Smart
Energy
Profile
MMS,
Web
Services,
Other
Published
IEC 61850-90-7
Informative document
Standards Groups,
Funded Efforts
courtesy: Brian Seal (EPRI)
EPRI/SNL Smart Inverter Functions
Phase 1 Functions:
Phase 2 Functions:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• Voltage Sag Ride-Through
• Autonomous Watt-Voltage
Management (transient and steadystate)
• Autonomous Watt-Frequency
Management
• Islanding (multiple configurations)
• Additions to State/Status Monitoring
Connect/Disconnect – Non Islanding
Max Generation Level Control
Smart VAR Management and PF
Storage Management
State/Status Monitoring
Event Logging
Time Adjustment
Status:
• Detailed Function Definition Complete
• Representation in Terms of IEC 61850
Complete (contributions made to IEC)
• DNP3 Mapping Completed
• Smart Energy Profile Mapping in
Process
Status:
• In process in coordination with IEEE
P1547.8 and NIST PAP7 & DRGS
• Will be Added to the DNP3, SEP2, and
other protocol mappings
courtesy: Brian Seal (EPRI)
EPRI/SNL Volt-Var Control Function
Utility-Defined Curve Shapes
Simple
Broadcast
Volt/Var
Mode 2 –
Transmission
VAR Support
VARs Generated
Volt/Var
Mode 1 –
Normal
Regulation
Capacitive
VARs Generated
Q1
Capacitive
Q2
System
Voltage
Q3
V4
V1
V2
V3
Inductive
Q4
Q1
Q2
V1
V2
Inductive
courtesy: Brian Seal (EPRI)
System
Voltage
SGIP Organization (1.0)
DRGS DEWG
Standing Committees & Work Groups
Priority Action Plan Teams
Governing Board Working Groups
Domain Expert Working Groups
SGIP Membership
Distributed Renewables, Generators and Storage
• DRGS Domain Expert Working Group initiated September 2011
• Identify Smart Grid standards and interoperability issues/gaps for
– Integration of renewable/clean and distributed generators and storage
– Operation in high penetration scenarios, weak grids, microgrids, DC grids
– Including interaction of high-bandwidth and high-inertia type devices
• Focus on Smart Grid functions that
– mitigate impact of variability and intermittency of renewable generators
– enable generators and storage to provide valuable grid supportive services
– prevent unintentional islanding and cascading events for clustered devices
• Activities of DRGS DEWG
– Consistent approaches for generators/storage types and domains
– Use cases and information exchange requirements
– Define new PAPs to address standards gaps and issues
Join DRGS DEWG and Subgroup Listservs
• To participate in group/subgroups, join the listservs:
– Listserv name for the entire DRGS DEWG: SGIP-DRGSWG
– Listserv names for the five subgroups:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
DRGS Standards Roadmap: SGIP-DRGSSubgroupA
DRGS UCs, Information Exchange, and Object Models: SGIP-DRGSSubgroupB
DRGS Microgrids and Hierarchical Distributed Control: SGIP-DRGSSubgroupC
DRGS Conformity /Interoperability Test/Certification: SGIP-DRGSSubgroupD
DRGS Regulatory and Market Issues Subgroup: SGIP-DRGSSubgroupE
• Instructions:
– Visit the SGIP Listserv site and select list serve name you wish to join:
http://www.smartgridlistserv.org/
– First-time visitors will have to register login information and respond to email.
– Then select the listserv name you want to join and follow the instructions to click
“join or leave” and then “join” on the next two pages.
– To join multiple listserv names, you can use the back button to select another
listserv name and again click join on the next two pages.
– You must later respond to the conformation email for each listserv you join.
– If you do not receive the conformation email, please let us know.
Sub/Task Group Webinar Meeting Dates
Meeting
Organizer
Date/Time
Topic
DRGS
DEWG
Al Hefner
(Leader)
SubGroup A
Al Hefner
02/19 (Tue)
2-4 pm ET
3 weeks !
Same as
Above
Ongoing Webinar Series for
General DRGS discussions Reregister to update Outlook
Meet during DRGS General
Meeting
SubGroup B
Frances Cleveland
(Leader)
02/04 (M)
2-3 pm ET
Biweekly
Ongoing Meetings defining
approaches to address highest
priority gaps of subgroup
SubGroup C
Jim Reilly
(Leader)
11/15 (Th)
2-3 pm ET
Biweekly
Tam, Al, and Frances help get this
started.
SubGroup D
John Nunneley
(Organizer)
Set
schedule
soon ??
SubGroup E
Amanda Stallings
(leader)
DER-IS
Al Hefner
02/12 (Tue)
1-2 pm ET
Biweekly
Meetings
start soon
Need Outreach to identify key
participants. John will make effort
to pick up meetings. UL, …
Sunspec has new test activity.
Amanda continuing meetings to
complete White Paper drafted by
Stan.
Announced December 2, 2012.
Will start near end of February.
Link
https://www2.g
otomeeting.co
m/register/4087
06978
https://www2.g
otomeeting.co
m/join/8504857
94
https://www2.g
otomeeting.co
m/join/4128420
02
https://www2.got
omeeting.com/joi
n/958543962
https://www2.g
otomeeting.co
m/join/3939298
26
DRGS DEWG Accomplishments (Dec/Nov 2012)
•
Formed Subgroups (A,B,C, D, and E) and held Bi-weekly DRGS General and
Subgroup meetings . Subgroups prioritized Issues/Gaps and began to address
highest priorities.
•
Defined format and process for roadmapping smart grid requirements for DRGS
key thrusts (DER grid supportive functions, plug and play solar, etc.), and for
aligning DRGS Roadmap with other SGIP groups and international DER
roadmaps.
•
Drafted White Paper on “Potential Regulatory and Market Barriers and
Associated Technical Challenges to Deployment of Distributed Generation and
Storage”
•
Coordinated advancement of interoperable smart grid weather information
exchange and submitted a PAP proposal that was approved by SGIP.
•
Held Joint EPRI/DOE/NIST Workshop and initiated activity to define Information
Exchange Requirements for DER Interactions with DMS (CIM and MultiSpeak)
•
Developed initial DER Use Case Classification Matrix and began to define
process for identifying key use cases for standards development
•
Developed initial Terms and Definitions for Microgrid Types and identified goal
of defining hierarchal/multilevel distributed control framework
•
Announced new subgroup on DER Interconnection Standards
DRGS DEWG 2013 Planned Work
• Complete draft roadmap for DRGS thrusts - DRGS General Meeting
• Complete white paper addressing regulatory and market issues for
DER simultaneously participating in regional and local markets –
Subgroup E
• Complete UC hierarchy and classification matrix to identify
issues/gaps and draft white paper. Subgroup B
• Conduct meetings in collaboration with EPRI to define a set of DMS
functions for DER ( for CIM and MultiSpeak) – Subgroup C
• Develop white paper describing hierarchal/multilevel distributed
control framework for DER in coordination with IEC TC57 WG17 TF
• Initiate DER Interconnection Standards (DER-IS), Subgroup F
• Identify/develop "Failure Scenario" Use Cases that address natural
disasters, equipment failures, configuration inadequacies, and
cyber-attack scenarios – Subgroup B
DER Interactions with DMS (Subgroup C)
• Collaborative undertaking of EPRI, DOE EERE, and NIST
regarding Distributed Energy Resources (DER)
(including generation, storage, and inverter functions)
and their integration, support, and interaction with
Distribution Management Systems (DMS).
• Brings together a group of utility distribution
management experts, DMS software, and DER
specialists, to identify a starting list (core set) of
practical, useful, DER / DMS interactions.
• Provide the industry with a valuable point of reference
for DER integration and guidance to standards
development organizations.
courtesy: Brian Seal and Kristen Nicole (EPRI)
DER Interconnection Standards Subgroup F
• DOE and NIST encourage participation in new DRGS
DEWG subgroup on DER Interconnection Standards
• Purpose: coordinate U.S. and international DER
Interconnection Standards development efforts, e.g.,
– IEEE 1547 Amendment to permit voltage regulation and ride
through of abnormal voltage, frequency conditions
– IEEE P1547.8 recommended practice standard for advanced
applications
– IEC TC 8/1308/NP on consumer domain energy source
interconnection
• Also, serve as a model for coordinating other DOE
supported Smart Grid standards activities
P1547.8: Recommended Practice … for
Expanded Use of IEEE 1547
• Example considerations in P1547.8 include:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
voltage regulation;
voltage and frequency ride thru;
grid support (including volt‐ampere reactive support);
two‐way monitoring, information exchange and control;
advanced/interactive grid‐DR operations;
high‐penetration levels and multiple interconnections;
interactive inverters/interconnection systems;
energy storage;
system protection
DR greater than 10 MVA (individual and aggregate);
etc.
courtesy: Tom Basso (NREL)
P1547a: IEEE Std 1547 Amendment 1
• IEEE Std 1547 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed
Resources (DR) with Electric Power Systems (EPS)
• Inaugural meeting Nov. 29 – 30, 2012
• Target: CY 2013 ballot
• Amendment addresses changes to three 1547 topics:
 Voltage regulation
 Response to area EPS abnormal conditions – Voltage
 Response to area EPS abnormal conditions – Frequency
Visit: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/1547a/1547a_logistics.html
courtesy: Tom Basso (NREL)
Contact Information
George Arnold
National Coordinator for Smart Grid Interoperability
george.arnold@nist.gov
David Wollman
david.wollman@nist.gov
Dean Prochaska
dean.prochaska@nist.gov
Al Hefner
Allen.hefner@nist.gov
US Government Smart Grid Website:
http://www.smartgrid.gov/
NIST Smart Grid Website:
http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/
NIST SGIP Collaborative Twiki site:
http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/