Sericulture
1
Sericulture
Sericulture industry in Jammu & Kashmir State is of very old origin. The department of
sericulture was created in the year 1889 under the monopolistic control of government to
promote silk industry in the state. In this regard a very good infrastructure including
mulberry nurseries, silkworm seed stations and silk reeling/weaving factories were
established. Due to these efforts Jammu and Kashmir became one of the leading silk
producing states. During those days sericulture was the only cash crop available to the
farmers. By 1940, about 52000 families were engaged in this activity and the production of
cocoon was as high as 15.00 lac kgs. Silk yarn apart from its use as a textile fibre, was
being utilized as material for parachutes. Department of Sericulture functions under the
control of Ministry of Agriculture, Govt of Jammu and Kashmir
2
VISION
Transform Sericulture and Silk Industry into a truly
viable, profitable and sustainable enterprise
MISSION
Achieve green cocoon production of 1750 MT and
Raw Silk Production of 270 MT at the end of 12th
plan (2012-17) and 18000 MT & 2400 MT at the end
of 15th plan (2027-31) with value addition and
coupled with more and more employment
generation.
3
ROAD MAP
TO ACHIEVE TARGET OF 1750 MT OF COCOON
PRODUCTION AT THE END OF 12th PLAN &12000
MT AT THE END OF 15th PLAN
This will be achieved by vertical and
horizontal expansion of Sericulture in
the State.
SCHEMES UNDER IMPLEMENTION
•
Support for Raising Mulberry Tree Plantation in Cluster Form
•
Cluster development of Mulberry Plantation/Departmental Land
•
Supply of Rearing Appliance
•
Assistance for construction of Rearing Houses
•
Health Insurance Scheme for Women
•
Establishment of Hot Air Dryers.
•
Establishment of Reeling units
•
Incentive on Silk Yarn.
•
Establishment of Cocoon Bank
•
Establishment of Silk Exchange
•
Corpus funds for market intervention
5
SERICULTURE IN J&K
• Ideal climatic conditions for quality Bivoltine
cocoon production.
• Sericulture a traditional practice. Rearing, reeling
and weaving have been a tradition since ages
• Availability of basic infrastructure with the state
sericulture department.
• Low level of industrialization- availability of
farm/family labor
• Increasing market demand for quality silk
6
Weakness
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Silkworm rearing a part time occupation- only a single crop
is raised
Poor quality of mulberry leaf, as leaf is harvested from
scattered unmaintained mulberry trees
Poor infrastructure/inadequate rearing space with farmers
Huge yield gaps between lab and land
Knowledge deficit among farmers and weak extension
Lack of proper training among the basic extension workers
Lack of proper marketing of cocoons
Lack of good post cocoon sector- production of low grade
silk from good quality silk cocoons
Incomplete value addition - inadequate backward and
forward linkages
Non-involvement of Private Sector especially in mulberry
sapling and silkworm seed production.
7
Silkworm rearers population (Nos.)
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
Silkworm rearers
population (Nos.)
5000
0
32
35
35
37
37
UP
192
300
410
350
397
UP
455.67
800
1100
963
1193
UP
738
810
860
917
901
UP
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
8
Present Status of Sericulture in the State
MULBERY SECTOR
Departmental Nurseries
173
Total area under Nurseries
963 Acres
Production capacity of Saplings/Year
30 Lac
Present Annual Sapling production in Departmental Nurseries 20 Lac
Total available mulberry tress in the State
100 Lac
SEED SECTOR
Grainages
6
Basic Seed Stations
9
Annual DFL Production
17 Lac
25 Lac
9
COMMERCIAL SILKWORM REARING
Cocoon Rearers
No. of Sericulture Villages
Annual Cocoon Production (MT)
Income Generation (Lac)
28,000
2500
900
1193
POST COCOON SECTOR
Silk Reeling Units
34 (11 functional) +3 New
10
ACHIEVEMENTS-SERICULTURE
Year
Cocoon Income Avg. Price for Productivity
Prod. generatio “A” grade
per Oz.
(MT)
n
(Rs.)
(Kg)
2008-09
738
455.67
192.00
32.00
Silkworm
rearers
population
(Nos.)
19700
2009-10
810
800.00
300.00
35.00
22800
2010-11
860
1100.00
410.00
35.00
25500
2011-12
917
963.00
350.00
37.00
27000
2012-13
901
1193.00
397.00
37.00
28000
( Lac Rs.)
11
CONSTRAINTS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Leaf shortage
Low survival of mulberry saplings in field
Poor leaf quality
Lack of chawki gardens
Shortage of rearing houses
Poor rearing conditions
Non-availability of CRCs
Lack of training among farmers
Low returns from sericulture
Low land holding
Poor Quality of human resource
Lack of sound post-cocoon sector
12
FUTURE STRATGIES
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Quality leaf production:
Rearing infrastructure:
Training for farmers
Mass disinfection drive:
Quality seed supply:
Silkworm hybrid for second rearing
Silkworm brushing calendar
Chawki rearing
Establishment of Chawki gardens
Disease monitoring and management:
Crop monitoring and marketing:
Model silk villages/clusters
Sound post cocoon sector
Mounting and seriposition
Skill development programs
Outsource major activities of DOS such as mulberry sapling production and
silkworm seed production
13
Action plan for bivoltine cocoon /raw silk
production for XII plan
YEAR-WISE TARGET FOR 12TH PLAN as per State resources
Present
Status at
end of XI
Unit
Plan 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
Mulberry area required
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
8500
Cocoon Production
MT
917
1080
1247
1426
1617
1750
Seed Distribution
ozs
25000
27000
29000
31000
33000
35000
Productivity/ozs.
Kg.
37
40
43
46
49
50
Raw silk production
MT
115
139
160
196
231
270
Renditta
Kg
8
7.75
7.50
7.25
7.00
6.50
Rearers population
Nos.
27000
28600
30200
31800
33400
35000
14
Action plan for bivoltine cocoon /raw silk
production for next 20 years
Activity
Unit
Present
Status of
11th Plan
12th Plan
Target
13th Plan
Target
14th Plan
Target
15th Plan
Target
Mulberry area
required
Cocoon Production
Hectare
6000
8500
10000
13000
17500
MT
917
1750
3400
7425
18000
Seed Distribution
Oz
25000
35000
61000
135000
300000
Productivity /oz
Kg
37
50
55
60
65
Raw silk production
MT
115
270
510
1050
2400
Renditta
Kg
8
7
7
6.5
6.5
Rearers population
No
27,000
50,000
90,000
1,80,000
4,00,000
15
Year wise action plan for additional production of
mulberry plants 12th Plan
Year
Activity
Quantity
(Lac No.)
Mandays
generation
(Lac No.)
Financial
involvement
(Lac Rs.)
3rd Year Plant Production
10
0.96
150
4th Year Plant Production
10
0.96
150
5th Year Plant Production
10
0.96
150
30
3.48
450
16
Action plan for additional production of of
mulberry saplings during next 20 years
Plan
Activity
Quantity
(Lac No.)
Financial involvement
(Lac Rs.)
12th Plant propagation
30
450
13th Plant Propagation
50
1000
14th Plant Production
50
1000
15th Plant Production
50
1000
180
3450
17
Year wise proposed distribution of mulberry plants among
farmers/departmental farms
Year
Activity
Quantity Mandays Man-year
Financial
(Lac No.) generation Generation involvement
(Lac No.)
(Nos.)
(Lac Rs.)
1st Year Plant distribution
-
-
-
-
2nd Year Plant distribution
-
-
-
-
3rd Year Plant distribution
-
-
-
-
4th Year Plant distribution
-
-
-
-
5th Year Plant distribution
10.00
1.33
444
200
18
Plan wise action plan for additional distribution of mulberry
plants among farmers/departmental farms for plantation
Year
No
Cost
Rs lac
12th plan
10.00
200
13th plan
50.00
1000
14th plan
50.00
1000
15th plan
50.00
1000
160.00
3200
19
SOME TIPS FOR MULBERRY SAPLINGS
PRODUCTION
Dept does have sufficient land to produce mulberry
saplings while production cost is high. Establishment of
Kisan nurseries in private sector is the option. Initially
Dept can purchase saplings from Kisan Nurseries and
supply to farmers
Dept can also lease some land to SHGs for production
of mulberry saplings, purchase and supply to farmers
Dept can provide infrastructure and technology
support to Kisan Nurseries or SHGs to produce quality
mulberry saplings
20
ESTABLISHMENT OF KISSAN NURSERIES/OUSOURCING OF PLANT PRODUCTION.
•
Land Holding
2 KANAL
•
Cost for establishment of Poly House: (One time Investment)
50,000
•
Plant Production per year:
3000
•
Production cost for 2 years @Rs 12/Plant:
36000
•
Returns on sale of 3000 Plants@Rs25/Plant:
75,000
•
Net earning from 1 Kanal of land (2yrs) on rotation basis :
39000
21
LAND holding - 4 KANAL
• Cost for Establishment of poly house:
Rs 100,000
(One time Investment)
• Plant Production per year:
Rs
6000
• Production cost for 2 years @Rs 12/Plant:
Rs 72000
• Returns after sale of 3000 Plants @Rs25/Plant: Rs 150,000
• Net earning from 2 Kanal of land:
Rs 78,000
22
Year wise action plan for production of silkworm seed
Year
Activity
Quantity
(Lac dfls)
Mandays
generation
(Lac No.)
Man-year
Generation
(Nos.)
Financial
involvement
(Lac Rs.)
1st Year
Seed Production
0
0
0
0
2nd Year Seed Production
0
0
0
0
3rd Year
Seed Production
31000
0.93
310
139.5
4th Year
Seed Production
33000
0.99
330
148.5
5th Year
Seed Production
35000
1.05
350
157.5
Total
99000
2.97
990
445.5
23
Plan wise action plan for production of silkworm seed
Plan
Quantity(Lac oz)
Cost(Rs. )
12th Plan
0.99
445.50
13th Plan
2.40
1080.00
14th Plan
4.90
2205.00
15th Plan
10.87
4891.50
24
SUGESSIONS TO OUTSOURCE SILKWOM SEED PRODUCTION
AND CHAWKIE REARING
•
Dept does not have enough manpower and infrastructure to
produce silkworm seed as per the estimated demand
•
The production cost is already high as compared to private sector
•
Dept must outsource silkworm seed production and provide
infrastructure and technology support to private entrepreneurs for
seed production with check on quality standards
•
Similarly CRCs can be established in private sector for supply of
chawki worms to farmers
•
All these initiatives will reduce burden on Govt and will bring in
efficiency in the system and will make sericulture a self sustaining
enterprise
25
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Construction of Seed House :
Equipment :
PRODUCTION COST for 800 oz(Rs 300/oz)
Procurement of 400 kg of seed cocoons
for production of 800 oz of hybrid silkworm seed
Labor for production of 800 oz of seed @ 1.0 M.D./oz
1.20
Disinfectants /waste paper/craft paper etc
Sale of 1 oz of Hybrid silkworm seed
Net earnings from 800 oz of Seed
(@Rs 150/-oz.)
ONE TIME INVESTMANT FOR ESTABLISHMENT
OF SEED HOUSE IN PRIVATE SECTOR :
(Rs lac)
3.00
1.00
2.40
1.00
0.20
0.00 45
1.20
4.00
26
Year wise action plan for setting-up of additional incubation cum chawki rearing centres
Year
Quantity
(Ozs)
CRCs to
be setup
Amount
Available
(Rs lac)
Cost
(Rs lac)
Cost
(Rs lac)
1st Year
0
0
0
-
-
2nd Year
0
0
0
-
-
3rd Year
31000
620
62.00
40.0
22.00
4th Year
33000
660
66.00
40.0
26.00
5th Year
35000
700
70.00
40.0
30.00
33300
1980
198.00
120.00
78.00
27
Plan wise action plan for setting-up of incubation cum chawki rearing centres
S.
No
Plan
Activity
01.
12th
Plan
13th
Plan
14th
Plan
15th
Plan
Seed to be
incubated
Seed to be
incubated
Seed to be
incubated
Seed to be
incubated
02.
03.
04.
Quantity
(Oz)
CRCs Financial
to be involvement
setup (Lac Rs.)
Amt Available Amt
required
Lac Rs
Lac Rs
99000
1980
198.00
120.00
78.00
240000
4800
480.00
200.00
280.00
490000
9800
980.00
200.00
780.00
1087500
21750
2175.00
200.00
1975.00
28
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ESTABLISHMENT OF CRC’S IN PRIVATE SECTOR
ONE TIME INVESTMANT = Rs 4.15 Lac
Construction of Chawki Rearing House = Rs 3.00 Lac
Equipment for CRC: Rs 1.00 Lac
Establishment of Chawki Rearing Garden of 2 kanal with
1800 Plants( Plant Spacing 2 x 3) : Rs 0.150 Lac
3 year maintenance of garden = Rs 0.060 Lac
production cost for 100 oz of chawki reared worms = Rs 0.55
Lac (Rs 550/oz of Seed including cost of seed Rs 450/oz)
Sale of 1 oz of Chawki reared worms : Rs 800
Net earnings from 100 oz of Chawki worms = Rs 25000
29
Establishment of additional Reeling, Weaving, Dyeing, Printing and Designing units
12th PLan
3rd year
4th
year
5th
year
-
1426
1617
1750
-
-
47-34=13
54-47=7
58-54=4
MT
-
-
196
231
270
Lac Rs.
-
-
3920
4620
5400
Lac No.
-
-
0.28
1.00
2.46
Nos.
-
-
650
770
900
-
-
29.40
34.65
40.50
-
-
8820
10395
12150
1st
Year
2nd
year
MT
-
Nos.
Unit
Estimated Cocoon Production
Reeling
units
to
be
established for projected
cocoon production
Estimated
Raw
Silk
Production
Expected income generation
from Raw Silk
Estimated
Mandays
Generation by way of Raw
Silk Production
Power
looms
to
be
established
Estimated Fabric Production Lac Mtr.
Estimated income generation
from Fabric Prod.
Lac Rs.
30
Establishment of Reeling, Weaving, Dyeing, Printing and Designing units in the
State during next 20 years
Particulars
Unit
12th
Plan
13th
Plan
14th
Plan
4800*
12875
25000
52000
58
113
247
600
650
1900
3500
8000
13000
38000
70000
160000
900
1700
3500
8000
15th
Plan
Estimated Cocoon Production (5 yrs)
MT
Reeling units to be established
Nos.
Estimated Raw Silk Production
MT
Expected income generation from Raw Silk
Lac Rs.
Power looms to be established
Nos.
Estimated Fabric Production
Lac Mtr.
97.50
285
525
1200
Estimated income generation from Fabric Prod.
Lac Rs.
29250
85500
175500
360000
* 3 yrs
31
ACTIVITY
UNIT 12th PLAN
Production of
Lac
mulberry
saplings
Distribution of
Lac
saplings
Up gradation of No
nurseries (Bore
well, fencing etc)
Establishment of No
Kisan nurseries
Total
MULBERRY SECTOR
13th PLAN
14th PLAN
15th PLAN
Phy
Fin
Phy
Fin
Phy
Fin
Phy Fin
30.00
450
50.00
1000 50.00 1000
50 1000
10.00
200
50.00
1000
50.00
1000
50
1000
18.00
360
40.00
800
40.00
800
30
600
4
2.0
20
10.0
20
10.0
20
10.0
1012
2810
2810
2610
32
SILKWORM SEED SECTOR
Activity
Unit
Production of
silkworm seed
Basic seed
stations
Seed Grainages
Establishment of
cold storage
Purchase
Refrigerated Van
Incubation cum
Chawki centre’s
CRC buildings
SPC in Private
Sec
CRCs in Pvt Sec
Total
Lac
No
12th PLAN
13th PLAN
14th PLAN
15th PLAN
Phy
Fin
Phy
Fin
Phy
Fin
Phy
Fin
0.99 445.5
2.40 1080.0
4.90 2205.0
10.87
4891.5
-
-
2
200.0
2
200.0
-
-
300
600
2
4
300
600
2
4
300
600
No
1
150
2
4
No
2
20.0
-
-
2
20.0
-
-
No
1980
198
4800
480
9800
980
21750
2175
No
20
-
200
-
40
6
400
18
40
20
400
60
40
40
400
120
10
30
3108
30
90
4855
60
180
8666.5
1013.5
33
Activity
Unit
COCOON PRODUCTION
SECTOOR
Rearing houses for farmers No
Rearing kit for farmers
No
12th PLAN
Phy
13th PLAN
Fin
Phy
Fin
Cocoon ware house
Reeling units
Twisting Units
Power looms
Phy
Fin
Phy
Fin
7500
6750
10000
13500
10000
13500
6000 1500
10000
2500
10000
2500
10000
2500
4200
No
15th PLAN
3000 2700
Total
POST COCOON SECTOR
Cocoon auction markets
14th PLAN
4
9200
16000
16000
200
8
400
8
400
4
200
No
No
No
No
2 200
58 580
8
48
900 1350
4
113
20
1700
400
1130
120
2550
4
247
20
3500
400
2470
120
5250
4
600
20
8000
400
6000
120
12000
CFCs
No
Total
HUMAN RESOURCE DEV
Training Institute for
technical staff and Farmers
Hostel for students of
training institute
Hostel for farmers
Training/Capacity
Building/Awareness
Total
1 3000
5378
1
3000
7600
2
6000
14640
2
6000
24720
2
_
300
-
-
-
2
300
-
-
60
2
100
300
100
100
100
60
360
700
100
100
100
100
34
MISCELENIOUS EXPENDITURE
Purchase of
light vehicle
Heavy vehicle
POL etc
Outsource
upkeep
Total
12th Plan
Phy
Fin
4
28
2
24
40
500
592
13th Plan
Phy
Fin
8
56
4
48
50
1500
1650
14th Plan
Phy
Fin
8
56
4
48
50
1500
1650
15th Plan
Phy
Fin
-
60
2000
2060
35
Financial implications for Action plan for 20 years (Rs crore)
12th PLAN
Exp
125.5
13th PLAN
Income Exp
292.5 250.7
14th PLAN
Income Exp
15th PLAN
Income Exp
855.0 400.5 1755.0 541.6
Income
3600.0
36
HUMAN RESOURCE REQUIRED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF POST COCOON SECTOR
Joint Director
Dy. Director Post Cocoon (Jammu)
Dy. Director Post Cocoon (Kashmir)
Total Office wise Staff Requirement (Fig in Nos.)
S.
No
Nomenclature
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Textile Engineer
Technician
Section Officer
Head Assistant
Sericulture Assistant
Senior Assistant
Junior Assistant
Class IV
Joint Directorate Dy.
Director Dy. Director Total
Post
J&K
Post Post Cocoon Post Cocoon requirement
Cocoon sector
(Jammu)
(Kashmir)
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
4
3
3
3
3
6
6
37
TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY
Under transfer of technology Rearing Kits and
Rearing Houses will be provided to farmers to
increase cocoon production both quantitatively
as well as qualitatively.
38
39
40
41
42
43
44