Assessorato alle Politiche Giovanili Regione Campania ITCS Ferdinando Galiani Napoli Progetto di Rete “Giovani Promossi Incontrano l’Europa” The Italian educational system Today and Tomorrow Education and our Constitution According to the Italian Constitution Education Is a fundamental right for all the people. Compulsory Education From 1999/2000 education is compulsory for children aged between 15 years 6 to THE ITALIAN SCHOOL SYSTEM LEVELS NURSERY SCHOOL AGE 3 LENGTH 3 YEARS • • • • AFFECTIVE PSYCHOMOTORY COGNITIVE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT THE ITALIAN SCHOOL SYSTEM THE FIRST CYCLE PRIMARY SCHOOL 5 YEARS LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL 3 YEARS STATE EXAM PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE Optional 6 5 FREE EDUCATION and BOOKS 27-30 HOURS A WEEK NO MORE THAN 25 STUDENTS PER CLASS, NO FEWER THAN 10 SUBJECTS ITALIAN, MATHS, SCIENCE, GEOGRAPHY, ART, MUSIC, P.E., COMPUTER, RELIGION (OPTIONAL) Primary school The aim of primary school is to promote a basic cultural and scientific literacy and to encourage social interaction. LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL “SCUOLA MEDIA” AGE 11- 14 30 HOURS A WEEK POSSIBLE AFTERNOON LABORATORIES Subjects ITALIAN, MATHS PHYSICS CHEMICAL SCIENCE, HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY, ART, MUSIC, P.E., COMPUTER SCIENCE, TECHNICAL EDUCATION, 2 FOREIGN LANGUAGES, CIVIC EDUCATION, RELIGION (OPTIONAL) Lower Secondary school The "Scuola Media"- provides a common general education to students. It is compulsory, free of charge and lasts three years. The main objectives of this level to offer to pupils both a wider knowledge of reality through the different subjects and the occasion to develop their personality. The standard curriculum includes Italian language, history, geography, foreign languages, mathematics, physics, chemistry and natural sciences, musical, technical, artistic and physical education. Upper secondary schools until today Classical studies(liceo) Scientific studies(liceo) Liguistic studies(liceo) Upper secondary schools until today Artistic studies(liceo- istituto professionale) Technical studies(istituti tecnici) Vocational studies(istituti professionali) Upper Secondary schools: The Joint Organs School Council Teachers’ Council Class Council The internal organization: Assemblies The following councils operate in schools: Class Council, Teachers’ Council and School Council The Class Council includes teachers from the same class; in addition, these councils may also include two parents for each class elected from among the parents themselves. Furthermore there are two student representatives. The Council is chaired by the Head Teacher or by a delegated teacher. The main task of the Council is to formulate proposals to the Teachers' Assembly regarding educational and learning activities. In addition, this is the body with the task of establishing and improving exchanges and communications between teachers, parents and students. Parents and students do not take part in assessment or educational coordination activities. Then there is the Teachers‘ Council which confronts internally problems concerning the running of the school; the School Council is made up of representatives of teaching and non-teaching staff, parents, students and the Head Teacher, which is responsible for the estimated and final budgets and, within the limits of the budget and the law, for the organization and planning of school activities. The School Council: People Our school council is made up of : 4 students, 8 teachers 4 parents 2 school assistants 2 representatives of the administrative office The headteacher Every representative is elected during the first days of the school year The School Council: Objectives The school council representatives must represent the views of all the different people taking part to the school life in order to improve their school Establish the general school commitments Decide how to use school funds Decide the cultural venues which students can take part to Give general criteria to made up class groups Approve the general didactic plan drawn up by the teachers’ assembly The teachers’ Council People It is made up by all the teachers of the school The teachers’ Council Objectives Inside the council the teachers have to: Make up the general training plan of the school Approve the adoption of new text books Establish the number of terms which the school year shall be divided into Approve eventual net to set up among different school Evaluate the results of didactic activities Elect the representatives of the school council and the teachers’ evaluation group Give their approval/disapproval regarding the acquisition of new students/ re- subscription of students who failed in order to limit drop outs. Class Councils People They are made up by all the teachers belonging to a class group They are headed by the headteacher or by a teacher appointed by him/her he/she is usually the class tutor Class Councils Objectives Students’ final term evaluation Preparation of the class didactic plan in harmony with directions given by the school council and teachers’ council Decisions regarding students’ discipline The class tutor Inside the class council He/she is the teacher who: • • • • Checks students’ progress Mantains relationships with parents Monitors students’ absences Organizes the partecipation of the class to the several school activities The teachers’ evaluation Comitee This is a further plenary council Headed by the Headteacher It is made up of 4 teachers elected during the teachers’ council They evaluate the work of brand new teachers after their in training service(1 school year) and give their approval to let them officially enter the school world The Students’ Conference It is a representative organ of all the students belonging to a certain district It consists of two students for each secondary school in the district The students’ Conference Objectives Coordinate relationships between schools Exchange information regarding the didactic experiences Set up an information desk service for all the students who may need any sort of help Make educational proposals either to local authorities or directly to the Board of Education Upper Secondary schools: General Organization YESTERDAY For a long time education has been characterized by a centralized system organized by the Board of Education Upper Secondary schools: The General Organization TODAY From 2005 a progressive process of DECENTRALIZATION transfered the administration and didactical decisions to each educational institution, giving them more responsibilities. This process is still ongoing and is called “AUTONOMIA". AUTONOMY : Planning the school year’s activities POF = “PIANO DELL’OFFERTA FORMATIVA Or General plan of the school year’s training activitities General plan of the school year’s training activitities What is it? It is a public document valid one school year testifying the committments of the educational institutions towards its students and their families • It is drawn up by the Teachers’ Council in accordance to general training guidelines provided by the School Council. It must be approved by the School Council the What is it??? A committment The school educational offer POF The identity card of a school A process Our educational offer Extra- curricular workshops Reading literacy: How to use the school library to improve students’ reading skills Orienting students in the working field/ university Setting up a process simulation How to be a good European citizen today Neapolitan schools adopt a monument Professional support for students with psychological difficulties Environmental protection scheme PE training sessions Safe Driving Cambridge, Goethe Institut , Grenoble Certifications European Computer Driving Licence Certification International/ National Projects Comenius Partnership: Emigration in Germany and southern Italy Comenius grant : Job shadowing Schools open doors(supported by local authorities) : History ,theatre and traditional music Universal Cultural Forum(supported by Comune di Napoli) : The real meaning of Peace in today’s world Measures adopted in our school to help students in difficulty PON(National Plan Funds) Since 2003 our school has received funds( Structural funds plan) both from European and local authorities to implement revision and consolidation activities in different subjects( the most troublesome) for students in difficulty. The courses are held in the afternoon either by a school teacher or by an external teacher who has submitted his/her curriculum vitae. In this case, he/she will be supported by another teacher who will become his/her official tutor for the whole course period. Where do funds come from? The school funds come from a European Social Fund and a Regional social fund, both aming at supporting areas of southern Italy: Basilicata, Calabria, Campania, Puglia, Sardegna and Sicily . In few words it is a sort of plan to sustain development in the field of education and occupation. Goals Reduce drop outs Improve education and knowledge Develop basic literacy Support students’ mobility inside the EU Guarantee more job opportunities for young people Encourage lifelong learning education Support in- training service for teachers Streghten the idea of equal opportunities for male and female Spread an environmental- friendly attitude From 2007 up to now Education becomes compulsory for students until the first cycle of upper education, the socalled “BIENNIO” Technical education until 2010 Istituti tecnici (Technical schools) prepare students to a future profession, technical or administrative services in the agricultural, industrial and commercial sectors Each institute is being named according to its own specialization. Subjects in the lower cycle (biennio) until 2010 total amout of hours a week 36 : The first two-year curricula include general subjects which are common to all the sectors and specializations, the only difference lies in the practical exercises which are carried out in workshops and firms, pertaining to the sector to which the school belongs Our school timetable today(biennio) Subjects I year II year Religion(elective) 1 1 Italian 5 5 History 2 2 English 3 3 Chemistry 4 4 Natural science 3 3 Maths 5 5 Law 2 2 P.E. 2 2 Total hours - common area 27 27 Computer lab 3 3 Business studies 2 2 Another foreign language 4 4 Total hours - vocational area 9 9 Total amount of hours per week 36 36 Subjects in the upper cycle (triennio)until 2010 Total amount of hours per week: 36 Economics and Law become separate subjects These subjects follow a professional aim and cohabit with Business education. While the teaching of subjects such as Italian literature, history, civics and physical education continues, the other subjects are all related to a specific sector and specialization, with a significant part of the curriculum reserved for specifically oriented practical exercises. There are two different teachers: one for Economics/Law and one for Business Economic Education. Our school timetable today(Triennio) Subjects I year II year III year Religion(elective) 1 1 1 Italian 3 3 3 History 2 2 2 English 3 3 3 Maths 4 4 3 Law 3 3 3 P.E. 2 2 2 Business studies 7 10 9 An additional foreign language 3 3 3 Political economics 3 2 Financial studies 3 Geopolitics 3 2 3 Total amount of hours per week 34 35 35 What can students do with their qualification today? At the END of the course, if you pass the State examination, you receive a Second grade upper school certification Diploma di istruzione secondaria di secondo grado (previously called maturità). With this qualification they can enter the working world, or continue studying at university and on other post-diploma courses. Future reforms towards 2010-2011 The Italian Parliament has recently changed the educational system with a vast reform. Its main objectives are: · · · Decentralization Autonomy New flexible curricula with Fewer hours of lesson Institution of a national service to monitor educational quality standards · Prevention of drop-outs The Reorganization of the second cycle from 2010 THE SECOND CYCLE SECONDARY SCHOOLS LICEI 5 YEARS 2 years common area + 2 years + 1 vocational area + 1 final year STATE UNIVERSITY VOCATIONAL AND TRAINING SCHOOLS 2 YEARS common area + 2 vocational area + 1 final year EXAM UPPER TECHNICAL TRAINING THE NEW BRANCHES SECONDARY SCHOOLS LICEI ■ CLASSIC SECONDARY SCHOOL ■ SCIENTIFIC SECONDARY SCHOOL ■ ARTISTIC SEONDARY SCHOOL ■ LANGUAGE SECONDARY SCHOOL ■ ECONOMIC ■ UNIVERSITY ■ HIGHER TECHNICAL EDUCATION OR TRAINING STATE EXAM SECONDARY SCHOOL ■ TECHNOLOGICAL SECONDARY SCHOOL ■ MUSIC SECONDARY SCHOOL ■ PSYCHOPEDAGOGICAL SECONDARY SCHOOL ■ HUMAN SCIENCE SECONDARY SCHOOL VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING ■ RUN BY REGIONS ■ 3 YEARS + APPRENTICESHIP = SCHOOL TO WORK TRANSITION TO GET A QUALIFICATION ■ 3 + 1 AND GET A QUALIFICATION FOR UPPER VOCATIONAL TRAINING ■ UNIVERSITY ■ Upper TECHNICAL TRAINING ■ 4 + 1 FOR STATE EXAM New cycles in the upper secondary school There will be 1- a two - year first cycle 2- a two year second cycle 3- a single year final cycle New curricula In all secondary schools learning will be divided into 2 different types of curricula: • The first two years curriculum common to all cycles(biennio) • A more specific curriculum related to the type of training elected by students A brand - new organization for Technical Education from the next school year The former Business School will be divided into Two branches Administration, Finance and Marketing Tourism Flexible curricula Percentage of autonomy inside each year’s curricula to create a certain amount of flexibility: • 20% during the first “biennio” • 30% during the second “biennio” • 35% during the fifth and last school year Why does flexibility matter? Because it meets students’ learning expectations Is a means to create occupational opportunities linked to the area where the school is located Biennio Hours per year- today Subjects I year II year Religion(elective) 33 33 Italian 165 165 History 66 66 English 99 99 Chemistry 132 132 Natural science 99 99 Maths 165 165 Law 66 66 P.E. 66 66 Total hours - common area 891 891 Computer lab 99 99 Business studies 66 66 Another foreign language 132 132 Total hours - vocational area 297 297 Total amount of hours per school year 1188 1188 Administration, Finance and Maketing Timetable common area Subject 1° year 2° year 3° year 4° year 5° year Italian 132 132 132 132 132 English 99 99 99 99 99 History, citizenship, The Italian Constitution 66 66 66 66 66 Mathematics 132 132 99 99 99 Law and economics 66 66 Integrated sciences 66 66 Sports Education 66 66 33 33 33 Religion(elective) 33 33 Total hours per year for the common area 660 660 495 495 495 Comparing hours of lesson per year Biennio(common area) Today’s Biennio – Total hours of lessons per year 1188 The future Biennio – total hours of lesson per year 1056(660 common area+396 compulsory subjects) Triennio Hours per year - today Subjects I year II year III year Religion(elective) 33 33 33 Italian 99 99 99 History 66 66 66 English 99 99 99 Maths 132 132 99 Law 99 99 99 P.E. 66 66 66 Business studies 231 330 297 An additional foreign language 99 99 99 Political economics 99 66 Financial studies Geopolitics Total amount of hours per year 99 99 66 99 1052 1105 1156 Tourism Copmpulsory subjects Subjects 1° year Integrated sciences(Physics) 66 3° year 4° year 5° year 99 99 99 Additional language 2 99 99 99 Business Tourism 132 132 132 Tourist geography 66 66 66 Law and tourism 99 99 99 Local Art 66 66 66 Integrated Sciences(Chemistry) 2° year 66 Geography 99 99 Computer lab 66 66 Business studies 66 66 Additional language 1 99 99 Total hours for the vocational area 396 396 561 561 561 Administration, Finance and Maketing Timetable common area Subject 1° year 2° year 3° year 4° year 5° year Italian 132 132 132 132 132 English 99 99 99 99 99 History, citizenship, The Italian Constitution 66 66 66 66 66 Mathematics 132 132 99 99 99 Law and economics 66 66 Integrated sciences 66 66 Sports Education 66 66 33 33 33 Religion(elective) 33 33 Total hours per year for the common area 660 660 495 495 495 Administration, finance and marketing Compulsory subjects Subjects 1° year Integrated Sciences (Physics) 66 Integrated sciences(Chemistry) 2° year 3° year 4° year 5° year 66 Geography 99 99 Computer lab 66 66 66 66 Additional foreign language 99 99 99 99 99 Business studies 66 66 198 231 264 Law 99 99 99 Economics 99 99 99 561 561 561 Total hours per year for the vocational area 396 396 Comparing hours of lesson per year Triennio Today’s Triennio - Total hours of lesson per year 1150 The Future Triennio -Total hours of lesson per year 1056 (495 common area +561 vocational area) Anna Maria Brunetti ITCS F. Galiani Napoli