Chapter 18
World Hunger and
Malnutrition
Two Faces of Malnutrition
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Of the approximately 6.5 billion people on
earth today, less than 1 billion live in
developed countries.
Many people in the world are exposed to
undernutrition and starvation.
Many others have experienced a nutrition
transition, leading to overconsumption,
obesity and disease.
Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The recommended approach to
dealing with overweight children is to
a)
strictly limit kcalories
b)
encourage physical activity
and moderate kcalorie
intake
c)
institute moderate levels of
drug therapy
d)
encourage liquid weight
loss products at lunch
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Health Consequences of Nutrition
Transitions
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Obesity Rates Around the World
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Population groups likely to
experience food insecurity in the
U.S. are
a)
people living in inner cities
b)
Hispanic populations
c)
Native Americans
d)
All answer choices are
correct.
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The Cycle of Undernutrition
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Indicators of Poverty and Malnutrition
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Which country has the higher infant
mortality rate?
Sweden
Cuba
Sierra Leone
El Salvador
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Malnutrition’s Affect on Childhood Mortality
and Morbidity in Developing Countries
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Worldwide, over ___ of the deaths in children under the age of 5
are due to undernutrition
a) 10%
b) 20%
c) 1/3
d) 1/2
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Minnesota Starvation Study
FIGURE 1 Recruitment brochure cover for the Minnesota
Experiment. May 27, 1944.
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.
Kalm L M , Semba R D J. Nutr. 2005;135:1347-1352
©2005 by American Society for Nutrition
Malnutrition at Different Life Stages
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The need for vitamin A is
increased by which of the
following?
rapid growth
development
frequent
infections
All answer
choices are
correct.
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26. The most common nutritional problem worldwide is a
deficiency of
a) protein
b) iodine
c)
iron
d) thiamin
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Poor Quality Diets
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Even with sufficient amounts of food, the types of food
are important for a healthy diet.
Protein and energy deficiencies usually occur together
and are most common in children.
Iron deficiency may affect as much as 60-80% of the
world’s population.
Iodine deficiency may affect 13-30% of the world’s
population.
Vitamin A deficiency is the leading cause of
preventable blindness in children.
Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Which is not generally
associated with anemia
caused by iron deficiency?
a)
low birth weight
infants
b)
decreased
resistance to
infection
c)
increased maternal
mortality
d)
blindness
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Organizations that Work to Alleviate
World Hunger
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Sustainable Agriculture and Choices
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Sustainable agriculture uses food production
methods that prevent damage to the
environment and allow the land to restore
itself so food can be produced indefinitely.
Choosing food grown locally can minimize
energy costs and pollution due to food
transport.
Choosing organic foods that are minimally
processed and ecologically packaged can
minimize environmental impacts.
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Cycle of Poverty
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Of all households in the
United States,
approximately what
portion live at or below
the poverty line?
one eighth
one fourth
one third
one half
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Programs to Prevent Undernutrition in
the United States
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Programs to Prevent Undernutrition in
the United States
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Chapter 18
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