ENVE 420
Industrial Pollution Control
Sources and Characteristics of
Wastewaters
Industrial Waste Survey
Dr. Aslıhan Kerç
Sources and Characteristics of
Wastewaters
• In any plant there will be statistical variation in
waste-flow characteristics.
• Variations depend on:
– Diversity of products manufactured
– Process operations
– Process type (batch or continuous)
Sources and Characteristics of
Wastewaters
• Wide variation in waste flow and characteristics will
also appear among similar industries.
Due to:
- Difference in housekeeping
- Water reuse
- Variations in production processes
Waste loadings and their variations should be
determined by industrial waste surveys
INDUSTRIAL WASTE SURVEY
• Develop a flow and
material balance for all
processes
- using water
- producing wastes
• Establish the variation in
waste characteristics
- from specific process
operations
- from the whole plant
INDUSTRIAL WASTE SURVEY
Survey Results are used to determine:
- Possibilities for water conservation and resue
- Variations in flow and in strength (important
information for the design of treatment facilities)
Steps of Industrial Waste Survey
STEP 1
Develop a sewer map.
Consult with the plant engineer, inspect various
process operations.
On the map:
- indicate possible sampling stations
- indicate estimated flow rates.
Steps of Industrial Waste Survey
STEP 2
Establish sampling and analysis schedule
Prefer composite samples weighted according to
flow. Period and frequency of sampling should be
established according to the process.
e.g. Hourly composited on 8, 12.. 24 h basis
If characteristics highly fluctuate  1h or 2h
composite
Samples from batch processes should be
composited during the course of the batch dump.
Steps of Industrial Waste Survey
STEP 3
Develop a flow and mateerial balance diagram
- Collect survey data
- Analyze samples
- Flow-material balance diagram that considers
all significant sources of waste discharge.
Steps of Industrial Waste Survey
STEP 4
Establish statistical variation in significant waste
characteristics.