REPUBLIC OF MOZAMBIQUE
MINISTRY OF WOMAN AND SOCIAL ACTION
Mozambique social protection framework
March, 2011
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STRUCTURE
1.
2.
3.
4.
Mozambique - Basic data
Social Protection context
Main Pillars of Social Protection
Coordination of the Basic Social Protection
Initiatives
5. The National Strategy of Basic Social Security
6. Funding
7. Challenges
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BASIC DATA OF MOZAMBIQUE
• Population:
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•
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Women:
Children under 18:
Children headed household:
Chronic malnutrition
The spread of HIV and AIDS
• Chefes 6.149 Chefes
20.5 million (54.7 bellow
poverty line 2008/2009)
52%
About 10 million
6.149
46.4% (2009)
(in 2009 the national
prevalence rate stood at
16% in people aged 15-49
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2. CONTEXT OF SOCIAL PROTECTION
• In 2007, Mozambique adopted the Social Protection Law (Law No.
4/2007, of 07 February).
• The Law defines the social protection as a system endowed with
appropriate means to satisfy social needs mandating the
distribution of income, within the framework of solidarity among
members of society.
• The Law establishes the right to social protection and defines 3
levels of the social protection structure:
– Basic Social Security;
– Compulsory Social Security;
– Complementary Social Security.
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2. CONTEXT OF SOCIAL PROTECTION (Cont.)
• Predicting the Subsystem Basic Social Security as one of the levels of
social protection in Mozambique, drives the process of strengthening
the most vulnerable people, and open space to define sustainable
mechanisms to protect them against risks and vulnerabilities.
• In 2009, the Government of Mozambique adopted the Regulation of
the Basic Social Security, which sets out principles and standards
appropriate to this Subsystem.
The Basic Social Security:
• Aims to prevent situations of need, as well provides social integration
by supporting most vulnerable groups.
• It is based on a national solidarity, reflecting distributive characteristics;
• It is mostly funded by the State Budget.
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2. CONTEXT OF
- BENEFICIARIES
SOCIAL
PROTECTION
• This Subsystem covers national citizens living in absolute
poverty, without means to satisfy their basic needs, including:
– Children in difficult situation;
– Elderly (55 years woman and 60 years old man);
– People with disabilities;
– People chronically ill and with degenerative diseases.
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3. MAIN PILARS OF SOCIAL PROTECTION
The Basic Social Security provisions includes:
– provisions of risk, these are the set of support measures
granted by the State based on goods, products, services or
granting monetary amounts intended to mitigate the risks and
ensure the survival of people living in absolute poverty and in a
state of vulnerability (cash transfers for people incapable to
work, Social transfers for a fixed period to ensure access to
services in response to temporary situations of vulnerability ).
– provisions of social support comprising the grant by the State
or nongovernmental organizations to support access to
services, implementation of programs or projects that
guarantee social and economic integration through work,
targeting individuals or groups of individuals with special needs
at housing, health care, food, among others.
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3. MAIN PILARS OF SOCIAL PROTECTION (Cont.)
The main pillars of the basic social protection are:
– Direct Social Action, managed by the Ministry which oversees
the area of social action, aims to ensure the recipients (that
are permanent or temporary incapable to work) an access to
a monetary or non monetary values to satisfy their basic
needs;
– Social Action in Health, managed by the Ministry which
oversees the area of health, aims to ensure universal access
for populations most vulnerable to primary health care,
including measures that can improve the quality of their
health;
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3. MAIN PILARS OF SOCIAL PROTECTION (Cont.)
– Social Action in Education, managed by the Ministry which
oversees the area of education, aims to encourage the
participation of vulnerable groups in the education system.
– Productive Social Action, the management is shared by the
Ministries that oversees the areas of social action, planning
and development, agriculture, labor, public works and
housing. To ensure social inclusion through work (Ex. public
works), in response to a situation of chronic food insecurity,
exacerbated by the shocks, structural risks and impacts of
environmental changes.
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4. COORDINATION OF BASIC SOCIAL PROTECTION
INITIATIVES
• According to the Social Protection Law, the Ministry responsible for Social
Action have the responsibility to manage the Basic Social Security System with
the participation of non governmental entities with social interests and other
services of State administration.
• The subordinated institution of this Ministry, the National Institute of Social
Action, have the responsibility to implement social assistance programs,
mainly in the pillar of Direct Social Action. Also intervene in the productive
social action.
• Coordination - In December 2009, through the regulation of the basic social
protection subsystem, was created the Coordinating Council of the Basic
Social Security Subsystem, an entity responsible to coordinate the
implementation of this subsystem, which comprises the Ministers responsible
for the management of the main pillars presented, as well as representatives
of public and private entities connected to the area of social action.
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4.
COORDINATION OF BASIC
PROTECTION
INITIATIVES
–
SOCIAL
(Cont.)
Apart from the Council, there are some platforms to
establish the dialogue with Government, civil society
organizations and other partners such us:
• The Group of Social Action, created in 2008, coordinated by
the Ministry of Woman and Social Action. Is a specif group
that works in mainstreaming the social action in PRSP;
• The “Food Subsidy Program” Support Group (was created in
2008 to monitor the implementation and progresses of this
Program).
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5. THE NATIONAL STRATEGY OF THE BASIC SOCIAL
PROTECTION
• Taking into account the needs and the role of basic social security, in April
2010, was approved the National Strategy of Basic Social Protection for 20102014, aligned with the Government Program 2010-2014.
• The Government of Mozambique found essential to prepare a framework that
allows defining the main orientations in the area of Basic Social Protection, in
order to better prepare to meet the objectives set out in the legal instrument
for the basic social protection subsystem.
• Until 2014 by implementing the Strategy, a total number of 523.000 (54%) of
the households of aged people, people with disabilities and people with
chronic diseases will be covered through the regular monetary social
transfers.
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5. THE NATIONAL STRATEGY OF THE BASIC SOCIAL
PROTECTION
• In terms of beneficiaries, the objective of the NSBSS is to cover
through different types of programs a total number of 945.382
households until 2014 by :
– A monetary transferences to households of Aged people,
people with disabilities and people with chronic diseases;
– A monetary transferences for households headed by
Orphans and Vulnerable Children; and
– A National Program of Productive Social Security the
designing process will start this year.
• Challenge: All these initiatives will cover 20% of the households
living in absolute poverty.
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5. THE NATIONAL STRATEGY OF THE BASIC SOCIAL
PROTECTION
The Strategy was approved taking in account that:
• The regular transfer of income contributes to the reduction of absolute
poverty ;
• Institutionalized social protection programs should better support the
contribution of this important pillar to economic development;
• It is important to ensure maximum impact of the transfers made;
• Is important to focus efforts on programs where is possible to have greatest
comparative advantage;
• Is important to define more efficient mechanisms of eligibility;
• The response to food and nutrition insecurity requires the involvement of basic
social protection ;
• The civil society organizations are important partners in providing social
assistance to vulnerable groups;
• Better coordination is needed .
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6. FUNDING
• The regulation of the basic social protection subsystem defines the gradual
implementation of the benefits taking in account the economic situation of the
country.
• The current social assistance programs are funded by State Budget. PSA is a
Government-led non-contributory social security program with continuous
funding by State Budget over a period of almost 15 years.
• In 2008, some donors (DFID, Embassy of Netherlands, start to give direct
support to PSA). UNICEF, ILO are involved in technical and capacity building
support in the basic social protection pillar.
• To implement the NSBSS 2010-2014, is necessary to increase the State Budget
funding for social assistance programs from the current 1% to 2.16% in 2014.
• The Strategy defines the need to define more creative ways to fund the basic
social protection programs such us the analysis on how to maximize the fiscal
space (the process will start this year).
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7. CHALLENGES
• Define/redefine the social protection programs;
• Increase the financial resources available in the social area. Create new
sources of revenues to cover the increase of the amount of the benefits
• Increase the advocacy and sensibility of society and decision makers in the
issues of social protection;
• Increase gradually the coverage of the basic social protection in terms of
beneficiaries;
• Create new benefits to cover different types of needs and to reach the
vulnerable households (the need of redesign the basic social protection
programs);
• Improve the mechanisms of coordination within the different sectors involved
(mainly social action, education, health and the sectors involved in the
implementation of programs for people capable to work)-Establish the
Council;
• Emphasize the importance of the social protection in the PRSP.
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