CARBON CAPTURE AND
SEQUESTRATION: R&D
Approaches
Dr. Susheela Negi
Scientist-C, DST
susheela.n@nic.in
Climate: sum of the average weather
condition over past 30 years
CO2 conc. in atm: 280 ppm in preindustrial time to almost 390 ppm at
present day which leads to rise in earth
average temperature by 0.74°C
-
Regional scale deforestation
industrial development
Dr. Susheela Negi
Scientist-C, DST
susheela.n@nic.in
Carbon Capture & Sequestration
The current CO2 emissions ~ 28 Gt
Projection by 2050
62 Gt
Of this about 20% reduction to be
achieved by CCS.
Carbon Capture and Sequestration
i. Capturing CO2 at large and stationary
point sources
ii. Transporting the CO2 from source to
sink,
iii. Injecting the CO2 in suited geological
reservoir or sinks
Major Disadvantages:
* Risks of leakages and collateral damage to
storage media (geological formations, oceans,
landfills etc )
* Non-accessibility to technologies on fair and
equitable terms
* Increment in costs of energy production
DST:
Four major thrust areas identified:
I. CO2 Sequestration through Micro algae Biofixation Techniques;
II. Carbon Capture Process Development.
III. Policy development Studies,
(iv) Terrestrial Agro-forestry Sequestration.
Achievement of R&D projects
A pilot plant for capture of CO2 and
converting the same into useful fuels like
Methane, Hydrogen and Bio-diesel
through Algae route was fabricated and
designed. This pilot plant is under test
runs at RGVP Bhopal
Identified three marine cyanobacterial
strains which tolerated 25% of CO2. The
strains were grown at different
concentration of CO2 and their growth
was determined in terms of chlorophyll
and phycobiliproteins production.
Oscillatoria willei BDU130791,
Phormidium valderianum BDU20041
Phormidium valderianum BDU91391.
(Bhartidhasan University)
CO2 sequestration through Bio-algae
route
The technical feasibility of bio-fixation
using micro algae was studied at NIT
Trichy, Shri MCRC Chennai and Delhi
University. The capture of carbon dioxide
produced by combustion of fossil fuels
used in electricity generation can be
achieved by bio-fixation method using
suitable strains of micro algae.
Forest biomass can play an important role
in reducing CO2 emission through carbon
sequestration in soil, tree vegetation,
ground flora and litter.
THANKS