New Policy Measures in Japan
that manage HFCs and promote
alternatives.
Masafumi OKI
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan (METI)
12 July 2014, Paris.
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Agenda
1. Managing HFCs Emission
a) Industrial Voluntary Action Plans ( HFC, PFC, SF6 )
b) “Fluorocarbons Recovery & Destruction Law” ( HFC, CFC, HCFC )
( New law )
“Act on Rational Use & Proper Management of Fluorocarbons”
( HFC, CFC, HCFC )
③ Reducing “In use leakage” ( HFC, CFC, HCFC )
 Periodical check & Reporting total amount of emission
( by users of products for commercial use )
 Restriction of repetitious refilling without repairs
( by users & by refiller )
2. Promoting alternatives to lower GWP & Non-Fluorocarbons
( New law )
“Act on Rational Use & Proper Management of Fluorocarbons”
( HFC, CFC, HCFC )
① Promoting lower-GWP/non-fluorocarbons in designated products
( HFC ) ( by Manufactures )
② Conducting HFCs Phase-down ( HFC ) ( by Gas-producers )
2
Status of emissions per sector
by Industrial Voluntary Action Plans
60.0
Prospective increase of Fluorocarbons emissions
in refrigeration & air-conditioning sector
（mil. t-CO2）
(9) Extinguish agent
(8) Metalic products
(7) Electric insulation gas
(6) Semiconductor manufacturing
(5) Solvent/Cleaning agent
(4) Air-conditioning and refrigerator
(3) Aerosol
(2) Foam/Insulation
(1 HFC production
Base year level
(51mil.t-CO2)
50.0
40.0
Target of Kyoto Protocol
(31mil.t-CO2)
30.0
（Source Change of HFC emission）
1995 HFC
(20mil.t-CO2)
HFC23: by-product
of HCFC22
Average Emission
(24mil.t-CO2)
20.0
10.0
HFC23: by-product
of HCFC22
Refrigerants
Air conditioning &
refrigerator
0.0
Source: Industrial Structure Council, METI
The first commitment
period of Kyoto Protocol.
2012 HFC
(21mil.t-CO2)
Refrigerants
Air conditioner
& refrigerator
3
Status of implementation of
“Fluorocarbons Recovery & Destruction Law”
Recovered F-gases
Destructed／Recycled
Trend of the amount of recovery
from commercial refrigerators
& air-conditioners
Prospective emissions of F-gases
& leakages by sector in 2020 (BAU)
“Disposal”
“In use leakage”
Amount of Leakage from equipment
in use is increasing more than expected
The rate of recovery is about 30%
since the enforcement
Amount of recovery （Ton）
Rate of recovery
at disposal
3,500
3,000
100%
amount of recovery at
disposal
2,500
2,000
90%
80%
70%
1,000
40%
30%
50
0
(note) The amount of recovery at service is not included.
Source: Industrial Structure Council, METI
10%
0%
Large refrigerators
大型冷凍機
20
40
In disposal
Other middle
15
その他中型冷凍冷蔵
refrigerators
機器
Package ACs
ビル用ＰＡＣ
10
その他業務用
Others, commercial ACs
30
20
10
In use
20%
500
Small refrigerators
小型冷凍冷蔵機器
25
60%
50%
1,500
(mil t-CO2)
RAC
家庭用エアコン
5
別置型ショーケース
Showcases
0
2020 BAU
漏洩量
Leakage
4
( New Law )
“ Act on Rational Use & Proper Management of Fluorocarbons “
to address issues throughout Lifecycle of Fluorocarbons
Concerns
1. Prospective
rapid increase
of HFCs
emission
Planning to be effective from April 2015
(1) Phase-down HFCs
Refrigerator
4. Technical
development &
commercialization of lowGWP/nonfluorocarbon
products
5. Global
movement of
strengthening
the regulations
on high-GWP
fluorocarbons
Air conditioner
Lower GWP HFCs
Natural Refrigerant
2. Low rate of
Recovery in
disposal
3. “In use
leakage”
(2) Promote lower GWP products
Products with
alternatives
Dust blowers
Producers of HFCs
Supermarkets
Manufacturers of products
containing HFCs
Log book
Periodical
check
Approved
recyclers
Promoting of
recycle
Maintenance
Report of
leakage
Users of products
(3) Reduce
“In use leakage”
Approved
destructors
Registered fillers/
recovery operators
“Fluorocarbons Recovery & Destruction Law”
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( New Measure ①)
Measures to promote low-GWP/non-fluorocarbons
in designated products
Manufactures and Importers of products will be required to replace
high-GWP products with low-GWP or non-fluorocarbons ones,
considering safety, energy efficiency, economic affordability etc.
Example) Air conditioning
・Refrigerants GWP
・Volume of products
Index related to environmental impact
HighGWP
LowGWP
To reduce climate impact by converting refrigerant
to the target value which is specified referring to
the lowest GWP among the designated products
in Japan.
Evaluate accomplishments
for each product category
（weighted average )
Target value
・ Refrigerants ⇒
Lower-GWP/non-fluorocarbon
・ Volume of products
Base year
Target year
6
( New Measure ①)
Possible target of designated products using fluorocarbons
（HFC emission）
Ratio of fluorocarbon emissions from whole products lifecycle
including manufacturing, usage and destruction (2012)
（HFC stock amount）
Aerosol, 1.0%
Foam/insulation,
7.1%
Building PAC,
12.4%
Store PAC, 6.9%
Separate
showcases
（Condensing
unit）, 26.9%
27,738,000 t -CO2
(2012)
Room Air
conditioning,
18.1%
418,450,000 t-CO2
(2012)
Mobile Air
conditioning,
9.6%
Source： inventory report of green house gases by METI
※Based on GWP values for the second commitment period - Kyoto Protocol
※Subject to change depending on considered categories of designated products.
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( New Measure ① )
Target value and year for each designated product
( the first group )
Present refrigerant(GWP)
Target value
(GWP)
Target year
Room air-conditioning
R410A(2090)
R32(675)
７５０
２０１８
Commercial air-conditioning
(for offices and stores)
R410A(2090)
７５０
２０２０
Condensing unit and refrigerating unit
(for separate type showcases etc.)
R404A(3920)
R410A(2090)
R407C(1774)
CO2(1)
１５００
２０２５
R404A(3920)
Ammonia (single digit)
１００
２０１９
R134a(1430)
１５０
２０２３
Urethane foam
(for House building materials)
HFC-245fa(1030)
HFC-365mfc(795)
１００
２０２０
Dust blowers
HFC-134a(1430)
HFC-152a(124)
CO2(1), DME(1)
１０
２０１９
Designated products ※
Cold storage warehouse
（for more than 50000 ㎥）
Mobile air-conditioner
※ With some exceptions.
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( New Measure ②)
Measures to conduct HFCs phase-down
Manufacturers and Importers of fluorocarbon gases will be required
to make their plans to conduct “HFCs phase-down” with development and production
of lower GWP gases considering safety, energy efficiency, economic affordability etc.
A guideline can be referred in order for them to make plans to reduce HFCs and
will be made based upon their prospective supply to follow the measures
on the designated products to lower GWP / non-fluorocarbons gases.
“Two Wheels” to drive the reductions
(Measures ①)
Promoting lower GWP/ non F-gases
products
(Measure ②)
Conducting phase-down HFCs
Total target amount set by METI
• To set every five years basically
• To be calculated automatically
based upon the measures on the
designated products by manufactures
Evaluation by METI
• Every five years basically
Manufactures of products
containing HFCs
Producers of HFCs
Total
actual amount
by companies
Total
target amount
by METI
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( New Measure ③)
Measures to reduce “In use leakage”
(conducting periodical check, repair before refilling etc.)
Users will be required to conduct periodical check, to call services to arrange repair
before refilling as soon as leakage is found, to record their maintenance, and
to disclose them to their maintenance operators etc.
Periodical check
users
“ log book ” to record items below
Record
Type/amount of refrigeration used
Details of maintenance report including periodical
check & repair record, date & time, result etc.
Maintenance/refilling
Disclose
Explain its necessity to be repaired
when leakage is identified.
Maintenance operators
( registered fillers & recovery operators)
Call a service immediately
to arrange repair/refill
as soon as leakage is found.
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Summary of New Policy Measures in Japan
(Upstream)
1. Promote lower GWP / Non F-gas Products
by Manufacturers of products containing HFCs
2. Phase-down HFCs
by Producers of HFCs
considering safety, economic affordability, energy efficiency etc.
(Downstream)
3. Reduce “In use leakage” from commercial products
Periodical
check
Repair before
refilling
Log book
Report of
leakage
by Users of products containing F-Gases
No regulations in the case of using natural refrigerants & HFOs
Making progress to reduce HFCs surely and practically with incentives to:
1. Manufactures
→ to develop and produce products
containing lower GWP /non F-gases
2. Gas -Producers → to develop and produce Lower GWP F-gases
3. Users
→ to purchase non F-gases products
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