Ann Gordon
Ministry of Natural Resources and the Environment
Belmopan

Nationally Appropriate Mitigation
Actions (NAMAs)
 Origin
 What is a NAMA
 Scope of NAMAs
 Cancun Agreement and NAMAs
 Current developing countries’ proposed
NAMAs

Paragraph 1 (b) (ii) of the Bali Action Plan calls for “Nationally appropriate mitigation actions’
by developing country Parties in the context of sustainable development, supported and enabled by technology, financing and capacity building, in a measurable, reportable and verifiable manner”.

Appendix II to the
Copenhagen
Accord
Source: ECOFYS-Nationally Appropriate
Mitigation Actions

 Developed countries agreed to provide 30 billion
USD in fast track financing between 2010 and
2012 and to mobilize 100 billion per year by 2020.
 No decisions made in 2009 on modalities and required institutions.
 Mechanisms to raise and distribute funds, and procedures to measure, report and verify NAMAs must be in place

 Schedule for establishing guidelines for measuring reporting and verification
 A registry for matching NAMAs and support is established
(registry will record NAMAs and their support)
 Creation a fund to finance mitigation and adaptation actions
 New technology transfer mechanisms
 Creation on “new market based mechanisms” – no explicit text on
CDM
 Individual pledges submitted under Copenhagen Accord anchored under UNFCCC

Type of NAMA Description
1. Voluntary and unilateral NAMA associated with actions that developing countries would take voluntarily and unilaterally without support from developed countries
2. Supported Actions that require support from developed countries
3. Carbon Credit NAMAs NAMAs associated with actions that developing countries are willing to take for the purpose of obtaining carbon credit as an outcome of implementing such actions.

National Climate Change Action Plan or Low Emission
Development Strategies
Sectoral Strategy
Sectoral Strategy
INDUSTRY
Sectoral Strategy
BUILDINGS
 Implementation of building codes
 Define and implement building codes
 Create institutions to support definition, implementation and enforcement
 Promotion of solar thermal use
 Conduct study and implement
 Information and capacity building
 Incentives for efficient appliances
 Implement labeling regulations
Source ECOFYS: Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions

Financing of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions
REGISTRY
OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT
ASSISTANCE
SUPPORTED NAMAS
UNILATERAL
NAMAS
MARKET
BASED
MECHANISMS
BILATERAL
MULTILATERAL
Adapted from ECOFYS
GREEN CLIMATE
FUND
DOMESTIC
FINANCING
CARBON
CREDITS
Decision postponed to
COP 17

 Can be
 Projects (e.g. Bus Rapid Transit lane)


Programmes (e.g. energy efficient lighting program)
Policy instrument and tools including:
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



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Pilot programmes in local communities
Energy efficiency standard in buildings and transport sectors
Appliance labelling and provision of subsidies
Phasing out small inefficient power plants
Inefficient cement and steel plants
Replacement of incandescent light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs
Removing fuel subsidies
Appropriate taxation policies
 Development and implementation of a strategy
 National mitigation target

Current Developing Countries’ Proposed
NAMAs
Become climate neutral around 2020
• Costa Rica, Maldives
Percentage reduction of national emission below BAU or base year in 2020
• Brazil, Indonesia, Israel, Marshal Islands, Mexico, Moldova,
Singapore, South Africa, South Korea
Percentage reduction of intensity (national emission per GDP) in
2020 from 2005
• China, India Detailed list of projects
• Congo, Ethiopia, Jordan, Macedonia, Madagascar, Morocco,
Sierra Leone

 NAMAs should be based on well developed national and
/or sectoral strategies.
 Initiate process of planning for and preparing for NAMAs and put in place necessary institutional arrangements to support such an endeavour
 Need to ensure stakeholder consultation in the process and preparation of NAMAs.

Conclusions
 NAMAs should be based on well developed national and/or sector strategies
– Strategic, long-term, transformational measures
– Allows for comprehensive, packages of actions
– Can also address difficult CDM sectors (e.g. transport, buildings)
– Can consists of several components
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– Can lead to carbon credits or not
Learn from existing experience in development finance
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NAMAs could also take place outside of UNFCCC (e.g. bilateral and multilateral donors)
NAMAs can be implemented through the use of domestic resources and funding through the Green Climate Fund, complemented by the use of the market mechanisms, in a balanced manner.
PoAs under the Clean Development Mechanism regarded as predecessor of a future NAMA mechanism