Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels
Initiative
November 18, 2013
Subtitle
Nate Brown
Alternative Jet Fuel Project Manager
Federal Aviation Administration
Why Do The Airlines Want Alternative
Jet Fuels?
 Airline Economics
 Surging Fuel Expense Offsetting Labor Restructuring
 Fuel Price Volatility a challenge to business
 Fuel Supply Security
 Reliance on Imported Oil
 Disruptions to fuel supply (e.g. Hurrican Katrina)
 Demand from Other Transportation Modes
 Concern about Carbon Emissions
 Industry and ICAO goals for Global market based measures
 Regional GHG Emissions Trading Schemes
Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013
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How Does Aviation Meet Its Targets?
Technology, Fuels, Operations & Infrastructure
Potential Role for Carbon Credits to Bridge
Notional Example
Key
Contributor
Potential role for carbon credits
airlines.org
3
How Do Renewable Fuels Offset Greenhouse
Gases?
Life Cycle Analyses (LCA)
Petroleum-Derived Jet Fuel
Bio-Derived Jet Fuel
GHGs
GHGs
Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013
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How Is the Aviation Industry
Supporting Alternative Jet Fuels?
An Aviation Industry Coalition Established to…
Facilitate and Promote the Introduction of
Alternative Aviation Fuels
www.caafi.org
Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013
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CAAFI Sponsors
Mark Rumizen, FAA/CAAFI - May 9, 2013
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Who Participates in CAAFI?
15 Aircraft,
Engine, Subsystem
OEM’s
20 Airlines,
Military,
Airport orgs.
15 U.S. States /
State Univ’s
30 U.S.
Government
Offices
19 Countries /
5 Continents
54 fuel
producers
300 Global Sponsor/Stakeholder Attendees
180 Different Organizations, 32 EXPO Participants
Mark Rumizen, FAA/CAAFI - May 9, 2013
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* Attendance at 2011 Annual General Meeting
How CAAFI Works
Environmental Team
Life Cycle GHG,
Particulate Matter,
Sustainability
CertificationQualification Team
ASTM D7566
R&D Team
Business &
Economics Team
Multiple “Dropin” Solutions
Facilitate Deployment,
Investment
 Four teams
addressing
challenges to
adoption
 Meet periodically
each year
 Led by FAA, A4A
and engine and
aircraft OEMs
CAAFI Resources
 CAAFI first point of contact for new stakeholders
 Create primers, guidance and communication
tools for the CAAFI community
 Available at www.caafi.org
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Approved Alternative Jet Fuels
2015
2014
2013
Also Called HRJ or
Bio-SPK
2012
2011
HEFA
July 1, 2011
Drop-In Fuel
Spec
Plant/Animal
Oils
2010
FT
Sept 1, 2009
ASTM D7566
Sept 1, 2009
2009
Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013
Coal
Natural
Biomass Gas
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Coordinating USG Efforts across Supply Chain
Facilitating Deployment and Investment
Feedstock
Logistics
Fuel
Conversion
Agriculture: Biomass Crop
Assistance Program & Crop
Insurance Program
Energy &
Defense:
R&D grants
Feedstock
Production
Agriculture: Feedstock
Development Center Grants
Conversion
Process Scaleup/Integration
Agriculture
& Energy:
R&D grants
Fuel Testing/Approval
Fuel
Performance
Environment
Assmt
FAA &
Defense:
C/Q Fuel
testing
FAA,
Defense, &
NASA:
Enviro
Analysis
Enable
Production
End User/
Buyer
Agriculture,
Navy, &
Energy:
Defense
Production
Act and
Biorefinery
Program
Defense &
Airlines:
fuel
purchase
EPA:
Renewable
Fuel
Standard
FAA:
Guidance
for Airports
Farm to Fly 2.0
… “THEREFORE, AS OUR GOAL, we the undersigned, jointly signify
our intent to continue working together over the next five years in
an expanded collaboration entitled “Farm to Fly 2.0”, to enable
commercially viable, sustainable bio-Jet Fuel supply chains in the U.S.
that are able to support the goal of one billion gallons of bio-Jet Fuel
production capacity and use for the Aviation Enterprise by 2018”
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State & Regional Deployment




Working with local lead organizations/POCs
Provide context, advice, strategy, benchmarking
Facilitate networks & links between stakeholders
Link to Farm to Fly 2.0
States:
California
Connecticut
Colorado
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Illinois (MASBI)
Iowa
Louisiana
buyer/producer
offtakes -Mississippi
Nebraska
New Mexico
New York/New Jersey
Nevada
North Carolina
Ohio
South Carolina
Vermont
Washington (SAFN)
studies, Pilot Plants, Demos -- USDA, DOE or DPA programs
Coordinating with International Efforts
CAAFI
ABRABA/SABB
SWAFEA/Alfabird
Australia / AISAF
ICAO
Aireg
•
•
SENASA/ITAKA
Sky NRG
IFP Energy Nouvelle
Formal and informal coordination
• International Airshows
• Workplans - Bilateral Cooperation Agreements
• Coordination with R&D organizations
• Global Exchange meeting
ICAO as forum for exchange
Airlines Are Now Flying With Drop-In
Alternative Jet Fuels
1999 - Present
FT From Natural Gas:
FT From
Coal:
October 12th, 2009
April 30th, 2010
HEFA From Plant Oils and Algae:
June 29th, 2011
July-Dec 2011
(1,187 Flights)
Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013
Nov 7th, 2011
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Nov 2011
(75 Flights)
Mar-Aug 2013
But… Production Scale-Up is a Challenge
Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013
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Certification-Qualification: Future Fuels
Virent
Other Catalytic
Conversion
Processes
ARA
Catalytic
Hydrothermolysis
(CH)
switchgrass
Hydrotreated
Depolymerized
Cellulosic Jet
(Pyrolysis)
(HDCJ)
KiOR
Plant/Animal
Oils
switchgrass
corn stover
Amyris
forest waste
Direct Sugar
to HC’s
(DSHC)
corn stover
Lignocellulose
forest waste
Lignocellulose
Alcohol to Jet
(ATJ)
SASOL
FT-SKA
Byogy
Coal
Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013
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GEVO
sugarcane
Sugar
Bi-Annual General Meeting
 CAAFI Bi-Annual General Meeting -- Jan 28-29, 2014
CAAFI AGM: Theme - Takeoff toward Commercialization
Times approximate
7:30 - 08:15
Tues, 28Jan
Wed, 29Jan
Registration, Breakfast, Networking
Opening Remarks
CAAFI Work Teams,
VIP Address(es)
Plenary Summary Session
Government Activities
Update
8:15 - 09:00
9:00 - 10:00
10:00-10:30 Break
Sponsored Networking Break
Sponsored Networking Break
DPA Panel
DOE Biorefinery Panel
Finance / Investor Panel
P/P Partnership Panel
12:30 - 1:30
Lunch & Keynote #1
(Airline Exec)
Lunch & Keynote #2
(Other)
1:30 - 2:00
Biggest Challenges*
2:00 - 3:10
Work Team's
Individual Working
Sessions (4 breakout
rooms)
10:30 - 11:30
FAA, DOC, DOS
Global Exchange Working
Session Invitation Only
11:30 - 12:30
Airline & Partners Panel 1
Airline & Partners Panel 2
3:10-3:30 Break
3:30 - 4:30
Thurs, 30Jan
Sponsored Networking Break
Regional Efforts Panel
International Efforts Panel
4:30 - 5:30
Cocktails
Closing Remarks - VIP
7:00p No Host Dinner
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Leadership Team Wrap-Up
Lunch
Thank You
Nate Brown
Alternative Jet Fuel Project Manager
FAA Office of Environment & Energy
Tel:
Email:
Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013
202-493-4427
Nathan.Brown@faa.gov
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