Not Your Father’s Older Brother’s LEED:
Energy & Commissioning Opportunities in LEED v4
Mark Gelfo, PE
LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP O+M, CxA, EMP
Director of Sustainability, TLC Engineering for Architecture
What are we going to talk about?
The CxA and EMP’s
Opportunities, Roles, and
Impact:

Designing High Performance
Buildings

Commissioning

Measurement & Verification

Energy Auditing

Existing Building Cx
At the conclusion of this session you will
be able to:
1.
Understand the new requirements of
LEED v4 in general, and specifically as
they apply to commissioning, retrocommissioning, and energy auditing
2.
Understand the CxA’s and EMP’s Role,
Responsibilities, and Opportunities on a
LEED v4 Project (NC & EB O+M)
3.
Be able to implement the Cx, Retro-Cx,
and Energy Auditing Credit Requirements
in multiple LEED v4 rating systems
4.
Learn from the lessons learned from the
LEED v4 beta projects and early projects
in the v4 rating system
How did we get here?
Years in
development
Public comment
periods
Beta Projects
USGBC Voting
Membership
Approval
 Launched at Greenbuild
Philly last November
 LEED 2009 available for new
projects thru June 2015
“If I had asked
people what they
wanted, they
would have said
faster horses.”
-Henry Ford
LEED v4 is not just a faster horse….
LEED v2
LEED v3
…it’s about performance.
LEED v4
Matrix of New Rating Systems
LEED BD+C vs LEED EB O+M ??
1. Min Energy Performance
2. Optimize Energy
Performance
3. Demand Response
1. Min Energy Performance
2. Optimize Energy
Performance
3. Demand Response
1. Integrative Process
2. Fundamental Cx & Verification
3. Enhanced Cx: Include s
Envelope Option
1. Existing Building Cx:
Implementation
2. Ongoing Commissioning
1. Building Level Metering
2. Advanced Energy Metering
3. M&V is part of Cx
1. Building Level Metering
2. Advanced Energy Metering
1. Energy Efficient Best
Management Practices
2. Existing Building Cx: Analysis
LEED BD+C plus LEED EB O+M !!
Designing High
Performance
Buildings
 Integrative Process
 Min/Optimize Energy
Performance
 Bldg Level &
Advanced Energy
Metering
 Demand Response
Constructing High
Performance
Buildings
Operating High
Performance
Buildings
 Fund Cx &
Verification
 Enhanced Cx +
Envelope Option
Existing Low Performance Buildings
 Demand Response
 M&V
 Ongoing Cx
Auditing Low
Performance
Buildings
 Building Level
Metering
 Min Energy
Performance
 Energy Efficient Best
Management
Practices
 Existing Building Cx:
Analysis
EB-Cx of Low
Performance
Buildings
 Existing Building Cx:
Implement
 Optimize Energy
Performance
 Advanced Energy
Metering
Designing High Performance Buildings in LEED v4
Engage the
Owner
Align
Common
Goals
Evaluate
Project
Costs
BD+C Credit:
Integrative Process
 Synergies & Strategies for
energy and water
 Start in Schematic Design &
continue thru Design Phase
 Conduct prelim energy & water
research
 Simple box energy model during
SDs
 Water budget analysis
 Goal setting workshop
 Evaluate Strategies
 Document how analysis
informed design, OPR & BOD
Designing High Performance Buildings in LEED v4
LEED v4 BD+C: ASHRAE 90.1 2010
EAp2: 5% Reduction
EAc1: 50% Reduction =18 pts
Designing High Performance Buildings in LEED v4
BD+C EA Prerequisite:
Bldg Level Energy Metering
 Building level meters for total bldg
energy consumption: electric, natural
gas, chilled water, steam, fuel oil,
propane, etc
 Compile data monthly, manual or
automated
 Commit to share for 5 years
BD+C EA Credit:
Advanced Energy Metering





Whole building energy sources, plus
Major users >10% of total load
Record to remote location
<1hr intervals, remotely accessible
Record consumption & demand
Designing High Performance Buildings in LEED v4
Increase
Participation
in DR
Programs
Make Energy
Gen & Dist
More
Efficient
Increase Grid
Reliability
BD+C EA Credit:
Demand Response
Save Money
Defer Need
for new
Plants &
Infrastructure
Reduce
Emissions
Case 1 – Demand Response
Program Available
 Shed 10% of Peak Load
 On-site elec generation does
NOT count
 Include Demand Response in
Cx Plan and Functional Testing
Case 2 – No DR Program
Available
 Plan for Future DR
Constructing High Performance Bldgs in LEED v4
Expanded Commissioning Scope in LEED v4
“….as they relate to energy, water, indoor environmental quality, and durability”





Who can be the CxA?
Experience on 2 similar size/scope projects
Fundamental: Owner, independent consultant, employee of the design or
construction firm not part of the project, or disinterested subcontractor
Fundamental: <20K sf can be member of design team or Contractor
Enhanced: Owner, independent consultant, or a disinterested subcontractor
Reports findings directly to Owner
Constructing High Performance Bldgs in LEED v4
BD+C EA Prerequisite:
Fundamental Cx &
Verification
What’s different?
 List of 12 things CxA does
 ASHRAE Guideline 0 & 1.1
 Envelope included in OPR,
BOD, & Design Reviews
 CxA on board by end of DDs
 Prepare & Maintain Facilities
Requirements & OM Plan
 Design Review
 Elec & Plumbing Scope
Expanded
Constructing High Performance Bldgs in LEED v4
BD+C EA Credit:
Enhanced Cx & Verification
Pre-Design
Phase
Design
Phase
Construct
Phase
Acceptance
Phase
Occupancy
Phase
Operations
Phase
What’s different?
Option 1
 Path 1: (3 points)
– Enhanced Cx, similar to LEED 2009
– Added Seasonal Testing
– Added Re Cx Plan
 Path 2: (4 points)
– Path 1 + Measurement &
Verification of Energy & Water
Systems
Option 2
 Envelope Cx (2 points)
 Don’t have to do Option 1 to
earn Option 2
Design + Construction Case Study Example
Lessons Learned from Palandino: Palandino Office
 Manage expectations.
Relocation
Seattle, WA
LEED ID+C v4 Beta
 Preparation is essential.
 Don’t chase points.
Focus on performance.
 Engage the team.
 Take your time.
“Our internal commissioning team is using the
monitoring requirements of LEED v4 to create a
learning lab in our office, routing waste heat
from the servers into the occupied office and
exploring how carbon dioxide set points relate
to natural ventilation needs”.
Paladino was surprised to find its tenant
improvements would qualify for only a
silver rating under the new LEED version,
not a platinum as it would under the old
version.
http://www.djc.com/news/en/12062744.html
Paladino’s offices have
operable windows and
steam heat. The 11-story
building was completed in
1923.
Existing Building Energy Auditing & EBCx: EMP Process
Project
Assessment
Energy Use
Explore
Site
Investigation
ECM / FIM
& EBCx
Analysis
Implementation
Final
Acceptance
Continuous
Energy
Management
Auditing Low Performance Buildings in LEED v4
Benchmarking with LEED v4 EBO+M:
Score based on Performance
EBO+M EA Prereq:
Min Energy Performance
 EnergyStar Score 75
 25% improvement from historical
benchmark
EBO+M EA Credit:
Optimize Energy Performance
 EnergyStar Score 95 = 20 pts
 45% improvement =20pts
Auditing Low Performance Buildings in LEED v4
EBO+M EA Prerequisite:
Bldg Level Energy Metering
 Building level meters for total bldg
energy consumption: electric, natural
gas, chilled water, steam, fuel oil,
propane, etc
 Compile data monthly, manual or
automated
 Commit to share for 5 years
EBO+M EA Credit:
Advanced Energy Metering
 Whole building energy sources, plus
 Major users >20% of total load
(minus plugs)
 Record to remote location
 <1hr intervals, remotely accessible
 Record consumption & demand
Auditing Low Performance Buildings in LEED v4
EBO+M EA Prerequisite:
Energy Efficiency Best
Management Practices
(no change from LEED v3)
 ASHRAE Level 1 Energy Audit
 Prepare & Maintain current Facility
Requirements and O&M plan:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Sequence of Operations
Occupancy schedule
Equipment run-time schedules
HVAC equipment setpoints for all
Lighting Level setpoints
Minimum Outside Air requirements
Non-standard schedules or setpoints
(seasonal, weekend, holiday, etc)
Mech & Elec systems narrative
Preventive Maintenance Plan
Auditing Low Performance Buildings in LEED v4
EBO+M EA Credit:
Existing Building Cx –
Analysis
(no change from LEED v3)
Option 1: Existing Bldg Cx
 Develop EbCx Plan, including:
 “description of the approach for
identifying and analyzing facility
improvement opportunities”
 “process for reviewing and prioritizing
identified opportunities with the owner
and developing an implementation
plan”
Option 2: Energy Audit
 ASHRAE Level 2 Energy
Survey & Analysis
EBCx Low Performance Buildings in LEED v4
Complete EBCx Analysis
EBO+M EA Credit:
Existing Building Cx Implementation
Develop
Implementation Plan
Implement Low/No
Cost ECMs & FIMs
O&M Staff Training
ECM Verification &
Tracking (M&V) Plan
Update Facility O&M
Plan
 Must first earn Existing Building
Cx - Analysis credit
 Energy systems, including ltg,
process loads, HVAC, domestic
HW & renewable energy
 Implement no/low-cost operational
improvements
 Develop 5yr plan for equipment
replacement, mods, upgrades
 Confirm training of O&M staff
 Develop tracking program (M&V)
for projects implemented under
EBCx process.
EBCx Low Performance Buildings in LEED v4
Show improvement from the initial
Benchmarking with LEED v4
EBO+M: Score based on
Performance
EBO+M EA Prereq:
Min Energy Performance
 EnergyStar Score 75
 25% improvement from historical
benchmark
EBO+M EA Credit:
Optimize Energy Performance
 EnergyStar Score 95 = 20 pts
 45% improvement =20pts
Operating High Performance Buildings in LEED v4
EBO+M EA Credit:
Demand Response
Case 1: Demand Response Program
Available
 Shed 10% of peak (elec) demand,
 Min 1 yr, with intent to continue
 On-site elec generation NOT eligible
 Include Demand Response in Cx Plan
and Functional Testing
Case 2: No DR Program Available
 Plan for Future DR
Case 3: Permanent Load Shift to OffPeak
 Shift 10% of peak (elec) demand
 ie, Thermal Storage
Operating High Performance Buildings in LEED v4
Cooking, 3%
Refrigeration,
Computers,
Other, 9%
2%
Space
Heating, 36%
6%
Ventilation,
7%
Water
Heating, 8%
Cooling, 8%
Lighting, 21%
Commercial Building Total Site Energy Consumption
Source: Energy Information Administration, 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy
Consumption Survey, Table E1A.
BAS
EBO+M EA Prerequisite:
Bldg Level Energy Metering
 Building level meters for total bldg
energy consumption: electric, natural
gas, chilled water, steam, fuel oil,
propane, etc
 Compile data monthly, manual or
automated
 Commit to share for 5 years
EBO+M EA Credit:
Advanced Energy Metering
 Whole building energy sources, plus
 Major users >20% of total load
(minus plugs)
 Record to remote location
 <1hr intervals, remotely accessible
 Record consumption & demand
Operating High Performance Buildings in LEED v4
EBO+M WE Prereq:
Bldg Level Water Metering
BAS
 Permanently installed
 Measure total potable water use
in building & grounds
 Record Monthly. Manual or
Automated
EBO+M WE Credit:
Water Metering
 Permanently installed submeters (2 or 4 of following):






Irrigation (all)
Indoor plumbing fixtures (80% min)
Cooling Towers (all)
Domestic Hot Water (80% min)
Reclaimed Water (all)
Other Process Water (80% min)
 Record min of weekly
Operating High Performance Buildings in LEED v4
12,000,000
Measurement & Verification
10,000,000
8,000,000
Under BD+C EA Credit: Enhanced Cx
& Verification
6,000,000
4,000,000
2,000,000
Electric
Chilled Water
Sep-13
Aug-13
Jul-13
Jun-13
May-13
Apr-13
Mar-13
Feb-13
Jan-13
Dec-12
Nov-12
Oct-12
-
Natural Gas
 Path 2: Monitoring-based procedures
to measure, evaluate & assess
energy and water consuming
systems. Include in Cx Plan.
12,000,000
Under EBO+M EA Credit:
Existing Building Cx - Implementation
 Develop tracking program (M&V) for
projects implemented under EBCx
process.
10,000,000
8,000,000
6,000,000
4,000,000
2,000,000
Electric
Chilled Water
Natural Gas
Total Energy in kBTU
Sep-13
Aug-13
Jul-13
Jun-13
May-13
Apr-13
Mar-13
Feb-13
Jan-13
Dec-12
Nov-12
Oct-12
-
Operating High Performance Buildings in LEED v4
EBO+M EA Credit:
Ongoing Commissioning
(no change from LEED v3)
 Must first earn Existing Building
Cx - Analysis credit AND Existing
Building Cx Implementation credit
 Energy systems, including ltg,
process loads, HVAC, domestic
HW & renewable energy
 Establish ongoing Cx process
 Update Systems Manual
 Update Facility O&M Plan
Existing Building Operations Case Study Example
1800 K Street
 First LEED EBOM v4
Certified Project
Washington, D.C.
LEED v4 EBOM Silver
 Energy Star Rating of 81
 Earned all EBCx credits
 Earned EBOM 2009 Gold
 Simultaneously EBOM v4
Beta (Silver)
1800 K Street in Washington, D.C. (certified
Silver under LEED for Existing Buildings:
Operations & Maintenance, or LEED-EBOM
How Does This Help Me Win More Work ?
Energy Services & LEED v4
Service
LEED BD+C
Points
High Performance Design
& Energy Modeling
EAp2/EAc2Optimize Energy
Performance
Prereq+upto 18
Demand Response
EAc4 Demand Response
2
Commissioning
EAp1 / EAc1
Prereq+6*
Measurement &
Verification
EAp3/EAc3 Advanced Energy
Metering + EAc1 Path 1
Prereq+1+1
Water
Indoor Water Use, Water
Metering
Prereqs+13
Renewable Energy
Renewable Energy
3
Lighting / Daylighting
Design
Interior Ltg, Daylighting
2+3
Deep Green Consulting /
LEED Administration
Entire Process
Total
5 Prereqs +
49 possible points
How Does This Help Me Win More Work ?
Energy Services & LEED v4
Service
LEED EB O+M
Points
Energy Auditing
EAp2 / EAc4 Optimize Energy
Performance + EAp1 Energy Eff
Best Practices + EAc1 EBCx
Analysis*
Prereq+upto 20 +
Prereq +2*
Exist Bldg Commissioning EAc1 EBCx Analysis* + EAc2
EBCx Implementation + EAc3
Ongoing Cx
2*+2+2
Measurement &
Verification
EAp3/EAc5 Advanced Energy
Metering + EAc6 Demand
Response
Prereq+2+3
Water M&V & Reduction
Indoor Water Use, Water
Metering
2 Prereqs+7
Energy Consulting /
LEED Administration
Entire Process
Total
5 Prereqs +
37 possible points
What did we talk about?
Designing High
Performance
Buildings
 Integrative Process
 Min/Optimize Energy
Performance
 Bldg Level &
Advanced Energy
Metering
 Demand Response
Constructing High
Performance
Buildings
Operating High
Performance
Buildings
 Fund Cx &
Verification
 Enhanced Cx +
Envelope Option
Existing Low Performance Buildings

Designing High
Performance Buildings

Commissioning

Measurement & Verification

Energy Auditing

Existing Building Cx
 Demand Response
 M&V
 Ongoing Cx
Auditing Low
Performance
Buildings
 Building Level
Metering
 Min Energy
Performance
 Energy Efficient Best
Management
Practices
 Existing Building Cx:
Analysis
EB-Cx Low
Performance
Buildings
 Existing Building Cx:
Implement
 Optimize Energy
Performance
 Advanced Energy
Metering
Questions ?
Mark Gelfo
TLC Engineering for
Architecture
mark.gelfo@tlc-eng.com
904-306-9111