XVIII CONGRESO DEL IIDM
and
MLA FALL MEETING
Puerto Rico - 2013
ALESSANDER LOPES PINTO
• Exploration and production of oil and gas
offshore are not a recent activity.
• The first activities took place in the beginning of
last century by adapting equipment and thecnics
used on onshore exploration.
• Due to technological and operational
breakthroughs, resources inaccessible in the
past became viable and turned into
economically recoverable reserves.
BRAZILIAN EXPERIENCE
Brazil is currently a world leading reference in oil &
gas exploration and production in both deep and
ultra deep water.
Approximately 90% of Brazil’s oil output comes
from offshore fields.
More than 130 oil rigs off the Brazilian coastline:
Around 40 fixed rigs and 90 floating ones.
Brazil’s Oil Output Evolution –
2002/2011
Million barrels/day
2.4
2.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.0
2002
2003
Mar
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Source: ANP/SDP
• Extension of 800 km.
• Up to 300km far from
shore line.
• Depths between 1,000
and 2,000 mt to the
seabed and between
4,000 and 6,000 mt
from the seabed down.
• Oil reserves may be up
to 8,000 mt below the
surface of the sea.
Maritime
Support
Navigation:
logistic
support to vessels and
facilities/rigs working in
research
and
exploitation of minerals
and hydrocarbons.
Maritime Support Navigation figures in Brazil:
• 135 Brazilian Navigation Companies (EBN)
authorized by the National Agency for Waterway
Transportation – ANTAQ;
• A fleet exceeding 500 vessels;
• Over US$ 2 billion spent on charters in 2012.
(Source: ANTAQ)
Plataform Support Vessel
specialized in oil spill recovery,
provided with specifications
that allow it to work in the oil
spill, in an atmosphere where
oil evaporation produces
natural gas.
Provided
with
shielded
electrical systems to avoid
sparkles, these vessels have
equipment to aspirate spilled
oil and store it in tanks on
board.
# of Vessels
800
Law 9,432/97
600
400
200
0
1975 1980
1985 1990
1995 2002
2005 2008
2009 2011
2012 2020
Brasileiras
Estrangeiras
TOTAL
1988 Brazilian Federal Constitution:
* To promote free enterprise;
* Reserved for the State ownership of certain
economic activities considered to be of public
interest;
* Regulatory Agencies were created with a firm
purpose of controlling private enterprise in the
execution of public related services;
Flexibilization of state monopoly – Constitutional
Amendment #9, of 1995.
Such Amendment allowed private capital in oil
exploration and production in Brazilian territory
through the Concession Regime.
Law # 9.478/1997 – ‘Petroleum Law’
Petrobras was not included in the National
Privatization Program.
The National Agency of Oil, Natural Gas and Biofuels - ANP
Competence and Attributions:
• Implement national policies for the sector;
• Enforce good practices for conservation and rational use of oil,
natural gas, their byproducts and biofuels;
• Consider environmental aspects and demand compliance with
requirements regarding environmental licensing;
• Deal with federal and state environmental entities, as well as
academic and research institutions.
With pre-salt discovery a new regulatory
model was developed.
A new Shared Regime of production for
exploitation of the pre-salt fields was
created, leading to a new regulatory model.
October, 21st/2013 – First bidding round for the Pre-Salt under
the Shared Regime.
Petrobras being legally granted a minimum participation share of
30% in the consortiuns.
Result of the Pre-Salt Bid (Libra Basis):
•Winner: Consortium among Petrobras (40%), Total (20%), Shell
(20%), CNOOC (10%) e CNPC (10%);
• Signing Bonus = BR$ 15 billion;
• Exploration Term: 35 years;
• Price to be paid by the winner: 41,65% of the oil production
profit.
National Agency for Waterway Transportation –
ANTAQ (2001).
• Special autarchic regime.
• Integrating the Indirect Public Administration.
• Administrative independence and functional and
financial autonomy.
In Brazil, in order for a navigation company to operate, a public
authorization shall be previously granted by ANTAQ.
It is ANTAQ’s competence:
• Regulate, Supervise and Inspect services of waterway
transportation and exploitation of the waterway
infrastructure;
• Inspect the performance and development of services by
navigation companies operating in Brazil;
• Authorize chartering of foreign vessels by Brazilian
navigation companies;
• Apply penalties in cases of non-compliance with the
legislation, breach of contract or commercial malpractice by
navigation companies.