Fuel Cell Extended Runtime Stationary Power Datacenter Angelo Monteleone Business Development Manager November 2013 SHIFT POWER | ENERGIZE YOUR WORLD There is a power shift happening worldwide • From fossil fuels to a blend of renewable, accessible alternatives • From volatility to user-controlled supply management • From excess waste and emissions to sustainable energy inventories and zero-emissions • From single-resource dependence to multi-purpose energy architectures • From thinking backward to rebuilding energy confidence in the future CoverTel Power exists to accelerate this power shift by engineering and building the technologies needed to make it happen. 2 Extended Run-time UPS with Fuel Cells Data Centre UPS Ideal Requirements Compact, high-density power generators in the racks next to the loads Unlimited energy storage, moved out of the data room Modular, plug-in power generation units, easy installation, interface and commissioning with standard UPS models Easy future upgrade for increased power by adding modules and racks No decay* due to operation No decay* due to disuse (dormancy) No decay* due to start/stop cycling No periodic start-up requirement Safety requirements easily met Reduced or eliminated maintenance requirements Lower overall costs than pure battery solution Exactly predictable run-time Run-time easily further extended while operating online * - performance as well as reliability! Fuel Cell Extended Run UPS and Stand-by Power System 10 kWnet 10 kWnet 10 kWnet Fuel Cell Power Module(s) Stack Air management H2 management FC Module Control CAN-Interface Rack Fuel Cells DC/DC’s Cooling HEX Ventilation System Controller Local LCD display keypad user interface 19” Rack Standard UPS APC Series Smart-UPS VT or Symmetra PX Grid connection Bridging power User communication Inverters and rectifiers Fuel Cell Extended Run UPS / Standby System Rated 10, 20 or 30 kW N+1 redundancy capable Rack Arrangement System Controller (2U) DC/DC #1 (3U) Upper Infrastructure interfaces DC/DC #3 (3U) DC/DC #2 (3U) FC #1 (7U) FC #2 (7U) FC #3 (7U) Ventilation and exhaust duct, with integrated H2 supply quick-connect. Pre-installed power bus-bars, communications interfaces, cables Quick-connect cooling Cooling System Heat Exchanger Water Drain H2 Supply (10U) Total 42U = 1.87 m Heat exchanger, pump, manifolds, drain Fuel Cells combine the advantages of batteries and gensets Energy Storage Energy Density vs. Power Density 100000 Specific Power, W/kg Super Li-ion Capacitors Very high 10000 power Li-ion High power Lead acid Spirally wound Li-ion High energy A123 A123, 5kWhr Pack 1000 Toshiba, SCiB Standard Module, TBP Series 100 EEStor “Claim” Thundersky -LFP 12kW HD FCPM, 350 bar H2, 270F Ultracap ZEBRA 10 Ni-MH Ni-Cd Lead acid Ni-NiCQ LiM-Polymer 1 00 20 20 40 40 60 60 80 0 80 100 20 100 120 12040 140 60 160 160 80 180 180 100200 200 140 Specific Energy, Wh/kg 300 120 400 140 500 160 600 180 700 200 Runtime Diagram: Fuel Cell with One H2 Bundle and APC Symmetra PX 96 kW 400 V (SY…96H-PD) > 30 kW is problematic with battery-only solution above 3 h runtime > 40 kW is problematic with battery-only solution above 2 h runtime > 70 kW is problematic with battery-only solution above 1 h runtime Hydrogen Storage FC Interfaces H2 Feed Line Exhaust Blower Ventilation, Exhaust Local Output 380/400 V 50 Hz 3-Ph AC Mains 380/400 V 50 Hz 3-Ph AC Coolant Return Dry Cooler or Chiller Coolant Supply OPTIONAL Communications UPS Infrastructure (Local off-grid “island” Inverters) Controller DC-DC’s Fuel Cells -192 V 0V +192 V dc 3x 10 kW UPS Batteries for “Bridging ” power and Steploads Cooling Fuel Cell-R10/20/30 Rack Water Drain APC SMART-UPS VTP or Symmetra PX Grid Synchronized Output 400V 50 Hz 3-Ph AC Data Center Application References Reference Installations to 2009 DK DK UK UK Number of Modules 1 X 10 kW 1 x 10 kW 1 x 10 kW 3 x 10 kW 5 systems are fully populated with 3 modules UK SLO CH 3 x 10 kW 3 x 10 kW 1 x 10 kW By Country: CA CA US US US US 6 Countries 2 x 10 kW 3 x 10 kW 1 x 10 kW 3 x 10 kW 1 x 10 kW 2 x 10 kW 25 Modules, 250 kW End User Country APC Kolding BankInvest Copenhagen UPS Systems Hungerford Winton Capital Management, Kensington Comtec Enterprises, Surrey MoD Swisscom / U. of Appl. Sc. Lucerne Interlink Toronto NRCan Vancouver APC West Kingston US Department of the Army US National Weather Service True View Chicago Totals: 13 Systems 25 Modules 250 kW net 13 Systems 6 Countries 2 systems are with 2 modules 6 systems are with 1 module • UK: 7 modules, • US: 7 modules • CA: 5 modules • SLO: 3 modules • DK: 2 modules • CH: 1 module 13 modules in Europe 12 modules in North America APC HQ, West Kingston Rhode Island PDU FCXR UPS H2 Storage Interlink Connectivity, Toronto 5th floor of a 21-story building in downtown Toronto built in the 1920s • Battery bank option was too bulky and heavy • Diesel generation installation was too costly 30 kW system • air conditioning load • and server load Fuel cell and UPS in the server room Hydrogen storage located in an adjacent room Swisscom, Lucerne Swisscom mobile • R&D Partner and host site: Lucerne University of Applied Science • Connected to APC DP310E UPS in an outdoor container – up to 10 kW • Super-capacitors for bridging power • Up to 6 h of backup with antenna load of 2.4 kW, or 2 h at 10 kW • 256 simulations of grid-failure up to 8.5 kW loads in the first 2 year project • Project extended for a 2nd 2-year term Comtec Enterprises, Surrey 30 kW, 30 kVA ICT Communications Company, Reigate, Surrey, UK Datacentre, 24/7 Network Operations Centre “Eco-Structure” Web-Hosting environment Winner of Datacentre 2007 Award for Innovation in Micro-Datacentres 15 H2KT Project: Nuuk, Greenland Nukissiorfiit: Energy Utility, End Client H2Logic: System Integration & Project Management Scope: Grid Inverters Controller DC-DC’s Fuel Cells Local Inverters 2 x 10 kW Cooling Hybrid energy storage 16 H2 Mini Grid System: Rotherham, Yorkshire Hydrogen Mini-Grid System Yorkshire Forward’s Advanced Manufacturing Park, Environmental Energy Technology Center Rotherham (Sheffield), Yorkshire Environmentally-Efficient Building Hydrogenics Scope: Scope: FC Rack Fuel Cell Modules (30 kW) UPS Systems PLC: FC Integration, Power Electronics and Control 17 (Herten, Germany) Scope of supply: • Fuel Cell -R, 50kW Fuel Cell System • Fuel Cell -30 Electrolyzer, Indoor Version • Equipment delivered 2012-08 HyPM ™-R, 50kW fuel cell system HySTAT™-30 electrolyzer Sir Samuel Griffith Center, Brisbane, Australia Delivery Scheduled 2Q 2013 Electrolyzer30 (2) Fuel Cells 30kW FC Racks Controller DC-DC’s Fuel Cells 6 x 10 kW = 60 kW Cooling Ideal Spatial/Efficiency Attributes Modular plug-in power generation units, easily installed, interfaced and commissioned with standard UPS models Energy storage moved out of the data room Compact, highdensity power generators in the racks next to the loads Easy power capacity upgrade by adding modules and racks Valuable data center space is saved for revenuegenerating equipment (servers!) Ideal Performance Attributes Energy Certainty. Reliable. Impervious, Stable. Bankable. Safe. No decay due to start/stop cycling Safety requirements easily met No decay due to dormancy No periodic start-up requirement No decay due to operation Ideal System Merits Extends UPS runtime from Minutes to Days Runtime easily extended from Days to Weeks Run time is predictable with total accuracy Extended-run Rack and Stand-by Generator All-in-one Runtime easily continued online by tank hot-swap Higher Efficiency than IC Engines In Conclusion Combines the Advantages of Batteries and Gensets but without the disadvantages Less maintenance than batteries and gensets No energy storage decay 100% Clean as with and Sustainable batteries with energy from renewable sources Especially well suited for pollution "nonattainment" zones More reliable than IC engine + Genset + ATS combination Cost of Ownership vs Run-time: 30 kW SYCFXR48-9 Indoor 8 Batt Racks 2 UPS Racks 6 Batt Racks 2 UPS Racks SY32K48H-PD … Fuel Cell Solution Fuel Cell 30 kW Indoor Total Cost of Ownership Battery-only Solution 4 Batt Racks 1 UPS Rack Outdoor 3 Batt Racks 1 UPS Rack SY32K48H-PD 2 Batt Racks 1 UPS Rack … 1 Batt Rack 1 UPS Rack 0 Batt Racks 1 UPS Rack FC is more economical when: - Runtime > 2.5 h - Battery Racks > 3 1 FC Rack 1 UPS Rack 1 H2 Bundle 1 FC Rack 1 UPS Rack 2 H2 Bundles Fuel Cell Cabinet Hydrogen Cylinder Shroud Fuel Cell Cabinet Note: There is capacity for 8 cylinders (4 shown) Fuel Cell 5 or 8 kW each Fuel Cell Cabinet Integrated with Storage Product Testing (Mississauga)