Dissociative Disorders- DSM 5
Dissociative identity disorder
• A. Disruption of identity characterized by two
or more distinct personality states. This
involves marked discontinuity in sense of self
and sense of agency, accompanied by related
alterations in affect, behavior, consciousness,
memory, perception, cognition, and sensorymotor functioning.
Dissociative identity disorder
• C. The symptoms cause clinically significant
distress or impairment in important areas of
functioning.
• D. Religious practice is omitted, as is normal
fantasy play in children.
• E. Physiological effects from a substance are
omitted. (DSM-5 2013 )
Dissociative amnesia
• A. An inability to recall important
autobiographical information, usually of a
traumatic or stressful nature, that is
inconsistent with ordinary forgetting or neurophysiological damage or toxicity that prevent
from memory storage or retrieval. Because in
dissociative amnesia the memory is already
stored and is reversal
• Localized Amnesia
– The inability to recall events occurring few hours after
an accident
• Selective amnesia
– The inability to remember certain details associated
with a traumatic event for a specific period of time
• Systematized
– Inability to remember events related to specific
category of information such family members or
places. (forgetting childhood experiences, or all
memories related to one’s own family)
• Generalized
– Loss of memory about one’s own identity, they
wonder in the street not knowing who they are and
might be found by the police
Dissociative identity disorder
• B. The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or
impairment in important areas of functioning.
• C. The disturbance is not attributed to Physiological
effects from a substance (drug abuse or medication) or
neurological medical condition (brain injury)
• D. the disturbance is not explained by other
dissociative disorders, PTSD, ASD, somatic symptoms
disorder
• Duration of disturbance usually for 12 months and
more in females than males
• Common suicidal risk specially when amnesia remits
and the person remembers all aspects of trauma
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
• A. The presence of persistent or recurrent
experiences of depersonalization, derealization or
both
– 1. depersonalization: experience of unreality,
detachment, or being an outside observer with
respect to one’s thoughts, feelings, body, or
actions, (perceptual alteration, distorted sense of
time, emotional numbness)
– 2. Derealization: experiences of unreality or
detachment with respect to surrounding
(individuals, objects are experienced unreal,
dreamlike, foggy, lifless or visually distorted)
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
• B. During the disturbance the reality testing
remains intact
• C. The symptoms cause clinically significant
impairment to social, occupational and other
important areas of functioning
• D. exclude physiological effects of substances
(drug abuse or medication) and medical
conditions
• E. The disturbance is not explained by other
mental disorders