Psychology in
Action (8e)
by
Karen Huffman
PowerPoint  Lecture Notes Presentation
Chapter 10: Life Span
Development II
Karen Huffman, Palomar College
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Lecture Overview
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Moral Development
Personality Development
Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood
Grief and Death
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Moral Development
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Kohlberg
developed a model
of moral
development (right
and wrong) based
on responses to
moral dilemmas.
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
The Stealing Dilemma
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Husband steals medicine to save wife’s life
Was it ok or not to steal the medicine and
why?
Write your answer down
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Moral Development: Kohlberg’s 3 Levels
and 6 Stages
PRECONVENTIONAL LEVEL
Stage 1: punishment-obedience orientation (ok if not caught)
Stage 2: instrumental-exchange orientation (karma – the idea
that the universe will owe me if I do good)
CONVENTIONAL LEVEL
Stage 3: good child orientation (do good to be accepted)
Stage 4: law-and-order orientation (I must do good because if
everyone broke the law we’d have chaos)
POSTCONVENTIONAL LEVEL
Stage 5: social-contract orientation (laws can be broken if they
do not represent good for the majority)
Stage 6: universal ethics orientation (human life has a higher
importance than making money
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Personality Development: Thomas and
Chess’s Temperament Theory
 Temperament: basic, inborn
disposition
• Three temperament styles:
• Easy
• Difficult
• Slow-To-Warm-Up
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Personality Development:
Erikson’s Eight Psychosocial Stages
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Trust vs. Mistrust (0-1 year)
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (1-3 years)
Initiative vs. Guilt (3-6 years)
Industry vs. Inferiority (6-12 years)
Identity vs. Role Confusion (adolescence)
Intimacy vs. Isolation (young adulthood)
Generativity vs. Stagnation (middle adulthood)
Ego Integrity vs. Despair (late adulthood)
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Pause and Reflect:
Critical Thinking
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Have you successfully resolved the
developmental crisis associated with your
current Eriksonian stage of life? Are there
earlier stages that you may not have resolved
successfully? If so, has this affected your
personal or social relationships?
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Personality Development—
Myths of Development
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Myth #1--Adolescence is a time
of great storm and stress.
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Myth #2--Most people experience a midlife
crisis in their middle years.
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Myth #3--Most parents experience a painful
empty-nest syndrome when children leave
home.
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Personality Development—
Myth of the Empty Nest Syndrome
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Pause and Reflect:
Check & Review
1.
2.
George would like to wear two earrings and
a black leather studded jacket, but he is
worried about others’ disapproval. He is at
Kohlberg’s _____ level of moral
development.
An infant’s inborn basic disposition is known
as his or her _____.
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood:
Marriage
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Research shows good
marriages:
Establish “love maps.”
Share power and provide mutual support.
Practice conflict management.
Share similar values, beliefs, interests, etc.
Create a supportive social environment.
Maintain a positive emphasis.
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood:
Families
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Important family factors
in development:
Violence/abuse
Teen
pregnancy
Divorce
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Meeting the Challenges of AdulthoodWork and Retirement
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Work
How can we find a
great career that
matches our
unique
personalities and
interests?
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood—
Are You in the Right Job?
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Meeting the Challenges of AdulthoodWork and Retirement

Retirement
Should we follow the
activity, disengagement,
or socio-emotional
selectivity theory?
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Meeting the Challenges of
Adulthood—The Socioemotional
Selectivity Theory
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Grief and Death
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1.
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3.
4.
Grief is a natural reaction to loss.
Four major stages of grief:
Numbness
Yearning
Disorganization/Despair
Resolution
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Grief and Death
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Cultures interpret and
respond to death differently.
Different ages also interpret
and respond to death
according to:
Permanence
Universality
Nonfunctionality
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Grief and Death (Continued)

Kübler-Ross developed a five
stage theory of the psychological
processes surrounding death:
•
Denial (“It can’t be true!”)
Anger (“Why me? It’s not fair!”)
Bargaining (“I’ll change everything!”)
Depression (“I’ve lost everything.”)
Acceptance (“I know my time is near.”)
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•
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)
Psychology in
Action (8e)
by
Karen Huffman
PowerPoint  Lecture Notes Presentation
End of Chapter 10:
Life Span Development II
Karen Huffman, Palomar College
©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007
Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e)