Lesson
2
Warm-up
• Why do fad diets appeal to people in our
society such as diet pills, liquid diets
etc…?
Lesson
2
Lesson Objectives
In this lesson, you will learn to:
• Explain the risks of fad diets and other harmful weight-loss
strategies
• Describe the causes and symptoms of eating disorders
• Develop decision-making skills to get help for someone you
know who has an eating disorder
Lesson
2
Risky Weight-Loss Strategies
Fad Diets
• Fad diets are hard to stick with because they limit food
variety.
• Some are costly because they require dieters to
buy certain products. Such as Nutri-system or take certain
weight loss supplements.
• They fail to provide the body with the nutrients it needs for
health and growth.
• Any weight lost on fad diets is usually regained.
Lesson
2
Risky Weight-Loss Strategies
Liquid Diets
A person on a liquid diet replaces all of his or her food intake
with a special liquid formula. Some problems with liquid diets:
• They do not meet the body’s energy needs, as they are very
low-calorie diets.
• They often leave the dieter feeling fatigued.
• Many do not provide the body with fiber and needed
nutrients.
Lesson
2
Risky Weight-Loss Strategies
Dangers of Liquid Diets
Relying on high-protein, low-carbohydrate liquids as the only
source of nutrients can cause serious health problems and even
death.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA):
• Requires liquid diet products to carry warning labels.
• Recommends that liquid diets be used only
under close medical supervision.
Lesson
2
Risky Weight-Loss Strategies
Fasting
To fast is to abstain from eating.
• Fasting for more than short periods deprives your body of
needed nutrients and energy.
• If people who are fasting avoid liquids, they may become
dehydrated.
• Fasting may not be advisable for those with diabetes or
other health conditions.
Lesson
2
Risky Weight-Loss Strategies
Diet Pills
Many diet pills work by suppressing appetite. A low-risk pill that
meets claims of “burning,” “blocking,” or “flushing” fat from the
body has not yet been developed.
Drowsiness
Side Effects
of
Diet Pills
Racing Heart
Addiction
Dehydration
Lesson
2
Weight Cycling
Weight Loss and Weight Gain
• Weight cycling is common in people who follow fad diets.
Weight loss on these types of diets is usually from water,
not body fat.
• Water weight lost is quickly regained.
• Slow and steady weight loss is the best strategy for longlasting results.
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
What Causes Eating Disorders?
An eating disorder may be brought on by mental or emotional
factors such as:
• Poor body image
• Family pressures
• Social pressures
• Perfectionism
• Genetics
Lesson
2
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
Anorexia Nervosa
• Anorexia nervosa is a psychological
disorder with emotional and physical
consequences.
• The disorder relates to an individual’s
self-concept and coping abilities.
• Outside pressures, high expectations,
a need to be accepted, and a need to
achieve are characteristics associated
with the development of anorexia.
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
Symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa
Medical specialists have found genetics, hormones, and certain
brain chemicals to trigger anorexia in some people.
Symptoms:
• Extremely low caloric intake
• An obsession with exercising
• Emotional problems
• An unnatural interest in food
• A distorted body image
• Denial of an eating problem
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
Health Consequences of Anorexia Nervosa
Physical consequences of anorexia are related to malnutrition
and starvation. It may stop menstruation in women.
Other consequences:
• Loss of bone density
• Low body temperature
• Low blood pressure
• Slowed metabolism
• Reduction in organ size
• Serious heart problems
Lesson
The Risks of Eating Disorders
2
Bulimia Nervosa
A person with
bulimia nervosa
Binges or quickly
consumes large
amounts of food
Fasts or
follows a strict
diet
Purges the food
from the body
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
Causes and Symptoms of Bulimia
The exact cause of bulimia is unknown, but societal pressures,
self-esteem issues, and family problems may be factors.
Symptoms:
• Distorted body image
• Unnatural interest in food
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
Health Consequences of Bulimia Nervosa
• Vomiting destroys tooth enamel and causes tooth decay. It
also damages the tissues of the stomach, esophagus, and
mouth.
• Frequent vomiting and diarrhea can lead to dehydration,
kidney damage, and irregular heartbeat.
• Frequent use of laxatives can disrupt digestion and
absorption and can cause nutrient deficiencies. It can also
change the composition of the blood.
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
Binge Eating Disorder
People with binge eating disorder consume huge amounts of
food at one time but do not try to purge.
This disorder may signal the use of food as a coping
mechanism for strong emotions or depression.
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
Health Consequences of Binge Eating Disorder
Binge eating disorder often results in unhealthful weight gain,
which contributes to health problems such as:
• Type 2 diabetes
• Heart disease and stroke
• Gallbladder problems
• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol
• Increased risk of certain types of cancer
Lesson
2
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
Help for Eating Disorders
People with eating disorders need professional medical and
psychological help.
They may also benefit from support groups and clinics.
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
How You Can Help People with Eating Disorders
If you believe a friend might be developing an eating disorder,
you can:
• Discuss the problem with a trusted adult.
• Encourage your friend to seek professional help, and be
supportive.
Lesson
2
So back to the original question
• Why do fad diets appeal to people in
society?
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQZpVe
WsfK4
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4j0nmJ
0_cvc&feature=related
Lesson
2
Quick Review
Choose the appropriate option.
Q. _____ are weight-loss plans
that are popular for only a
short time.
1. Liquid diets
2. Fasts
3. Diet pills
4. Fad diets
Lesson
2
Quick Review - Answer
A. 4. Fad diets
Fad diets are weight-loss plans that are popular for only
a short time.
Click Next to attempt another question.
Lesson
2
Quick Review
Q. Symptoms of anorexia nervosa include _____ .
1. obsessive-compulsive behavior.
2. rashes, acne, and other skin problems.
3. extremely low calorie intake and an obsession with
exercise.
4. cravings for fatty foods.
Lesson
2
Quick Review - Answer
A. 3. extremely low calorie intake and an obsession
with exercise.
Symptoms of anorexia nervosa are: extremely low calorie
intake and an obsession with exercise.
Click Next to attempt another question.
Lesson
2
Quick Review
Choose the appropriate option.
Q. Bulimia nervosa is a disorder
in which some form of purging
or clearing of the digestive tract
follows cycles of overeating.
True
False
Lesson
2
Quick Review - Answer
A. True. Bulimia nervosa is a disorder in which some form
of purging or clearing of the digestive tract follows
cycles of overeating.
Click Next to attempt another question.
Lesson
2
Quick Review
Q. Why do people with eating disorders require
assistance from professional health services?
1. It is the easiest way to solve the problem.
2. Eating disorders could lead to serious illness or
death.
3. Eating disorders only affect young girls, and they
need professional health services more than others
as they are underrepresented in the field of
medicine.
4. Eating disorders, if left untreated, could be passed on
to the sufferer’s children.
Lesson
2
Quick Review - Answer
A. 2. Eating disorders could lead to serious illness or
death.
People with eating disorders require assistance from
professional health services because: eating disorders
are extremely harmful behaviors that could lead to
serious illness or death.
Click Next to attempt another question.
Lesson
2
End of Lesson 2
Click Home to view the Main menu.
Lesson
2
Risky Weight-Loss Strategies
Fad Diets
• Fad diets are hard to stick with because they limit food
variety.
Fad diets are
weight-loss
• Some are costly
becauseplans
they require dieters to
that are popular
buy certain products.
for only a short
• They fail to provide
time. the body with the nutrients it needs for
health and growth.
• Any weight lost on fad diets is usually regained.
Lesson
2
Weight Cycling
Weight Loss and Weight Gain
• Weight cycling is common in people who follow fad diets.
Weight loss on these types of diets is usually from water, not
Weight cycling
body fat.
is the repeated
pattern
of isloss
and regained.
• Water weight
lost
quickly
regain of body
• Slow andweight.
steady weight loss is the best strategy for longlasting results.
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
What Causes Eating Disorders?
An eating disorder may be brought on by mental or emotional
factors such as:
An eating
• Poor body
image.is an
disorder
extreme, harmful
• Family pressures.
eating behavior that
can cause serious
• Social pressures.
illness or even death.
• Perfectionism.
• Genetics.
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
Anorexia Nervosa
• Anorexia nervosa is a psychological
disorder with emotional and physical
consequences.Anorexia nervosa
is a disorder in which
the irrational
of
• The disorder
relates tofear
an individual’s
becoming
obeseabilities.
results
self-concept
and coping
in severe weight loss
from self-imposed
• Outside pressures,
high expectations,
a need tostarvation.
be accepted, and a need to
achieve are characteristics associated
with the development of anorexia.
Lesson
The Risks of Eating Disorders
2
Bulimia Nervosa
A person with
bulimia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa
is a disorder in which
some form of purging
Binges or quickly
or clearing of the consumes large
amounts of food
digestive tract follows
cycles of overeating.
Fasts or
follows a strict
diet
Purges the food
from the body
Lesson
2
The Risks of Eating Disorders
Binge Eating Disorder
People with binge eating disorder consume huge amounts of
food at one time but do not try to purge.
Binge eating
disorder
is of
a food as a coping
This disorder may signal
the use
mechanism for strong disorder
emotions or depression.
characterized by
compulsive
overeating.
Lesson
2
Quick Review - Answer
A. Correct! Fad diets are weight-loss plans that are popular
for only a short time.
Click Next to attempt another question.
Lesson
2
Quick Review - Answer
You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try
again, or click Next to view the correct answer.
Lesson
2
Quick Review - Answer
A. Correct! Symptoms of anorexia nervosa are: extremely
low calorie intake and an obsession with exercise.
Click Next to attempt another question.
Lesson
2
Quick Review - Answer
You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try
again, or click Next to view the correct answer.
Lesson
2
Quick Review - Answer
A. Correct! Bulimia nervosa is a disorder in which some form
of purging or clearing of the digestive tract follows cycles of
overeating.
Click Next to attempt another question.
Lesson
2
Quick Review - Answer
You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try
again, or click Next to view the correct answer.
Lesson
2
Quick Review - Answer
A. Correct! People with eating disorders require assistance
from professional health services because: eating
disorders are extremely harmful behaviors that
could lead to serious illness or death.
Click Next to attempt another question.
Lesson
2
Quick Review - Answer
You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try
again, or click Next to view the correct answer.