U.S. Department of Defense Surveillance
Recommendations for Management of Chikungunya
and Dengue Vectors
James E. Cilek
The views expressed in this presentation are
those of the author and do not necessarily
reflect the official policy or position of the
Department of the Navy, Department of
Defense, nor the U. S. Government.
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center
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In early 2014, the Department of Defense (DoD) Armed Forces Health
Surveillance Center/Division of Integrated Biosurveillance formed a Working
Group of representative key DoD communities and external organizations to
address “strengthening DoD surveillance and detection for chikungunya
(CHIK) and dengue (DENV)” on CONUS installations.
The Center is the central epidemiological resource and a global health
surveillance proponent for the U.S. Armed Forces. It provides timely, relevant,
actionable, and comprehensive health surveillance information in order to
promote, maintain, and enhance the health of military and military-associated
populations.
On July 15, 2014, this group of about 20 people met in Silver Spring, MD at the
headquarters of the Walter Reed Army Institute for Research (WRAIR).
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center
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The ambitious objectives of the working group were to:
1. Assess current DoD capability to detect and characterize
CHIK and DENV infection in DoD personnel.
2. Recommend specific human surveillance efforts to
enhance CHIK and DENV detection.
3. Assess and recommend specific entomological
surveillance efforts to enhance risk assessment for CHIK and
DENV transmission on military installations.
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center
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The ambitious objectives of the working group were to:
4. Recommend science and technology initiatives to improve
CHIK and DENV surveillance and detection in DoD.
5. Propose policy, guidance, or other resources for issuance
by appropriate DoD organizations to improve CHIK and DENV
surveillance and detection in DoD.
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center
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I will address:
3. “Assess and recommend specific entomological surveillance efforts
to enhance risk assessment for CHIK and DENV transmission on
military installations.”
Currently, Department of Defense DODI 4150.07 implements
policy, assigns responsibilities, and prescribes procedures for the
DoD Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program.
 The Navy is committed to maintaining an integrated pest
management (IPM) program consistent with DoDI 4150.07
through OPNANINST 6250.4C.
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center
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Departments of the Navy and Marine Corps: Commanders of all shore
activities bear the responsibility for maintenance of an “adequate vector and
economic pest control program” (OPNAVINST 6250.4).
The Medical Department of each installation is required to plan and
recommend vector control measures and to determine that all pesticides are
applied safely (NAVMED P-5010).
Pest control operations as a scheduled part of performed services can be
conducted through the operations department on base (NAVFAC) or contracted
to outside vendors but still monitored by the medical department.
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center
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The objective of the plan is to give general guidance for Navy and Marine Corps
installations regarding surveillance and control of CHIK vectors for their
installations.
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center
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Moreover, the CHIK plan is used to complement an Installation’s Pest
Management Plan that contains an Emergency Vector Control Plan for disease
vector surveillance and control during a disease epidemic.
The CHIK plan also lists options for vector surveillance on each Navy and
Marine Corps installations:
1. Local Public Health and/or Mosquito Control Agencies: If local,
county, or state agencies are currently performing surveillance and control
measures that meet or exceed US DoD CHIK recommendations then
arrangements may be made to include the military installation as part of
the agency’s operations.
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center
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The CHIK plan also lists options for vector surveillance on each Navy and Marine
Corps installations:
2. Private Contractor: Installation may have contract with civilian mosquito pest
control professionals that meet or exceed the DoD CHIK recommendations.
3. DoD Personnel: DoD medical personnel and equipment should be
implemented to augment available civilian support. In the absence of civilian
support, DoD personnel will provide support for their respective installations.
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center
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The Armed Forces Pest Management Board’s mission is to ensure that
environmentally sound and effective programs are present to prevent pests and
disease vectors from adversely affecting DoD operations.
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center
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Although a unified report by the Workshop on “Strengthening DoD
Surveillance and Detection for CHIK and DENV” has yet to be officially
released, below are some of the informal suggestions provided by the
group:
1. DHA should consider developing policy for mosquito-borne disease
preparedness in the DoD, including recommended responses to human cases
on military installations, vector surveillance, risk communication, and other
related measures.
2. Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center should consider collaborating with
the Armed Forces Pest Management Board and Service Public Health
Centers to identify ways of improving Aedes surveillance on military
installations.
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center
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It was suggested that a model guideline could be adapted by the DoD is CDC,
Preparedness and Response for Chikungunya Virus Introduction in the
Americas, 2011.
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center
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THANK YOU
Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center