Wima Y Prasetyo
Materi Kuliah “Governance Theory”
1
• Universalisme GG
2
• Golden Triangle sebagai Governance Actors
3
• Mengabaikan peran aktor internasional
4
• Hubungan yang tidak seimbang : aktor lokal dan
internasional
5
• Berlaku nilai tunggal
6
• Secara teoritis, Praktik GG mengabaikan MLG
Tidak semua prinsip mulus
dan bisa diterapkan di
negara-negara berkembang
Konsep imperialistik
Konflik MLG :
internasionalism Vs
Nasionalisme
GG
Dominasi Aktor
Nilai Tunggal &
Universalisme
Monopoli & Distorsi
internasionalism
Penegasian nilai
dan potensi lokal
S O U N D G O V E RNAN CE
GG
SG
International
Actor
Multinational
corporation
International
institution
BilateralMultilateral
Institution
Internationan
NGO
the concept of “soundness” is used to characterize governance
with superior qualities in functions, structures, processes,
values, dimensions, and Sound Governance elements that are
necessary in governing and administration.
the concept of sound governance is used to denote a system of
government that is not only domestically sound and virtually
flawless economically/financially, politically, democratically,
constitutionally, organizationally, administratively, managerially,
and ethically, but is also sound internationally/globally in its
interaction with other nation-states and their governments in an
independent and self-determining fashion.
PROSES
• Sound governance involves a process
of governing with the interaction of all
elements or stakeholders involved
STRUKTUR
• Structure is a body of constitutive elements,
actors, rules, regulations, procedures, decisionmaking frameworks, and authoritative sources
that sanctions or legitimates the governance
process (influenced by a multitude of internal
and external, local and international factors and
forces)
Kognisi &
Nilai
• represents the unique or deviant value system of
the governance structure or process. For
example,
an
unhealthy,
corrupt,
lacks
institutionalization and legitimacy
Konstitusi
Organisasi &
Institusi
Manajemen
& Kinerja
• The constitution is the fundamental
guiding document that serves as a
blueprint of governance
• Governance structure and process as
well as policies depend on governance
institutions, and without institutions
there is no sound governance
• Without a sound management system
characterized
by
efficiency
and
effectiveness, sound governance will suffer
from incompetence, poor performance,
waste
and
duplication,
bureaupathologies, and lack of legitimacy
Sector
International or
Globalization
Forces
Ethic,
Transparancy, &
Accountability
• Sectoral dimensions of governance are important as they are
focused on specific sectors such as industrial, agricultural, rural,
urban, scientific, research and development, education, health,
transportation, and other areas
• nation-states, governments, and citizens are increasingly drawn
into a growing set of regimes that either show intolerance toward
certain governance behaviors that were formerly and traditionally
considered normal and internal to sovereign governments
• This principle of sound governance checks against the potential
abuses and corruptions of the system as well as against the blind
principles of pure efficiency and economy in the management and
administration processes
DIMENSI
Policy
• which gives the elements or dimensions of process, structure, and
management sound guidance, direction, and steering
Innovation is key to sound governance, and innovation in policy
and administration is central to sound governance as well.
Without policy and administrative innovations, governance falls
into decay and ineffectiveness, loses capacity to govern, and
becomes a target of criticism and failure. Sound governance,
therefore, demands continuous innovations in policy and
administration
Innovations
communication
processes,
in
structures,
technology,
systems,
and
value
resource
organization
and
systems.
development,
management,
training and development, research, and a host of other areas
are essential to the soundness of governance and administration.
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Lebih komprehensif
Melibatkan institusi global tidak di luar domain governance
actors yang harus diatur, tetapi sebagai aktor yang harus
diatur
Memperhatikan potensi konflik antar MLG
Tidak
mengesampingkan
indigenous
governance
(keseimbangan MLG)
Menitikberatkan faktor inovasi
Sound governance here reflects both governing and administrative
functions with sound organizational and managerial performance
that is not only current and maintenance-competent but also
anticipatory, responsive, accountable and transparent, and selfcorrective; hence strategic and long-term oriented as well as shortterm operational
Prinsip GG Versi UNDP
Prinsip GG Versi World
Bank
Nilai-Nilai Pancasila
1. PARTICIPATION
1. Transparency
1. KETUHANAN (SILA I)
2. RULE OF LAW
2. Quality of Rules
3. TRANSPARENCY
3. Enforcement
2. KEMANUSIAAN (HAK ASASI
MANUSIA) (SILA II)
4. RESPONSIVE
4. Meritocracy
3. KEBERADABAN (SILA II)
5. CONSENSUS
ORIENTATION
5. Politicization
4. KEADILAN (SILA II)
6. Wage satisfaction
5. PERSATUAN (SILA III)
6. EQUITY
7. Voice
7. EFFECTIVENESS
AND EFFICIENCY
8. Mission
6. KEDAULATAN
RAKYAT
(PARTISIPASI) (SILA IV)
8. ACCOUNTABILITY
9. STRATEGIC VISION
9. Service performance
10. Service access
11. Resources
12. Audit
7. DEMOKRASI
DALAM
PERMUSYAWARATAN
(SILA
IV)
8. KESEJAHTERAAN
(SILA V)
SOSIAL
9. KEGOTONGROYONGAN/
KEKELUARGAAN (SILA V)