chapter five Communication and Consumer Behavior McGraw-Hill/Irwin Essentials of Contemporary Advertising Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Objectives_1 Explain how advertising differs from the basic communication process Outline the consumer perception process and explain why advertising people say “perception is everything” Describe the fundamental motives behind consumer purchases 5-2 Objectives_2 Discuss the various influences on consumer behavior Explain how advertisers deal with cognitive dissonance Describe how a consumer’s level of involvement with a product influences the decision-making process and the advertising approach 5-3 Consumer Behavior HomeGrocer sought to change how people shopped for groceries 5-4 Exhibit 5-1 The Human Communication Process 5-5 Perception is Reality 5-6 Exhibit 5-2 The Consumer Decision Process 5-7 Exhibit 5-3 Consumer Perception Process 5-8 Perceptual Screens 5-9 Consumer Self-Concept Advertisers may capitalize on consumers’ concepts of themselves 5-10 Theories of Learning Cognitive Theory Conditioning Theory 5-11 Exhibit 5-5 Elaboration Likelihood Model 5-12 Peripheral Processing Typical when consumers have low involvement with a product category 5-13 Habits What is a habit? The acquired behavior pattern that becomes nearly or completely involuntary A natural extension of learning What do advertisers want consumers to do about habits? Break habits Acquire habits Reinforce habits 5-14 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Physiological Safety Social Esteem Self-Actualization 5-15 Exhibit 5-7 Rossiter and Percy’s Fundamental Purchase and Usage Motives Negatively originated Positively originated Problem removal Problem avoidance Incomplete satisfaction Mixed approachavoidance Normal depletion Sensory gratification Intellectual stimulation or mastery Social approval 5-16 Interpersonal Influences Family Society Culture 5-17 Societal Influences Social Class Reference Groups Opinion Leaders 5-18 Culture This ad from the Ai Sin Foot Reflexology Centre capitalizes on the notion of Asian expertise in holistic therapies 5-19 Postpurchase Evaluation High involvement purchases result in highly involved postpurchase evaluations People seek to avoid cognitive dissonance 5-20 Exhibit 5-9 The FCB Grid High Involvement Thinking Feeling Informative Affective Low Habit Formation Involvement Self-Satisfaction 5-21 Exhibit 5-10 The Kim-Lord Grid 5-22 Key Terms_1 Attitude Brand interest Brand loyalty Central route Channel Cognition Cognitive dissonance Cognitive theory Conditioning theory Consumer behavior Consumer decision process Culture Decode Elaboration Likelihood Model Encoded 5-23 Key Terms_2 Evaluation of alternatives Evaluative criteria Evoked set FCB grid Feedback Habit Hierarchy of Needs Informational motives Interactive media Interpersonal influences Kim-Lord grid Learning Mental files Message Motivation 5-24 Key Terms_3 Needs Negatively oriented motives Noise Nonpersonal channels Nonpersonal influences Opinion leader Perception Perceptual screens Peripheral route Personal channels Personal processes Persuasion Physiological screens 5-25 Key Terms_4 Positively originated motives Postpurchase evaluation Psychological screens Receiver Reference groups Selective perception Self-concept Semiotics Social classes Source Stimulus Stimulus-response theory Subculture Transformational motives Wants 5-26