What can be done
with Open Data?
Open Data Seminar
Department of Public Expenditure and Reform
D/Public Expenditure and reform, Government Buildings,
Merrion Street, Dublin 2
Conference Room 0.2, South Block
2.00pm, Wednesday 11 February 2015
Tracey P. Lauriault and Rob Kitchin
Programmable City Project, NIRSA, Maynooth University
Table of Contents
• Programmable City project
• Data Management
• 2 data use case examples
• Transit
• Homelessness
• All Island Research Observatory (AIRO)
• Dublin Dashboard
The Programmable City
•
A European Research Council (ERC: €2.3m) and
Science Foundation of Ireland (SFI: €200k) funded
• SH3: Environment and Society
• Team of 11 researchers
• 1 PI; 4 Pd Researchers; 5 PhD students
• Key themes: smart cities, software, ubiquitous
•
•
computing, locative media, big and open data
Primary site: Dublin; Secondary site: Boston
5 years (started June 2013)
Aim
Aim of the ERC
project is to build
off and extend a
decade of work that
culminated in
Code/Space book
(MIT Press) with a set
of detailed empirical
studies
MIT Press 2011
Sage 2014
Objectives
How is the city translated into software and data?
How do software and data reshape the city?
Discourses, Practices, Knowledge, Models
Translation:
City into Code/Data
SOFTWARE
THE CITY
Transduction:
Code/Data Reshapes City
Mediation, Augmentation, Facilitation, Regulation
Sub-Projects
Understanding the
city
(Knowledge)
Managing
the city
(Governance)
Working
in the city
(Production)
Living
in the city
(Social Politics)
Creating the
smart city
Translation:
City into code & data
Transduction:
Code & data reshape city
How are digital data materially &
discursively supported & processed
about cities & their citizens?
(Tracey, PdR)
How does software drive public
policy development &
implementation?
(Bob /Aoife PhDs)
How are discourses & practices of How is software used to regulate &
city governance translated into code?
govern city life? (Jim, PhD)
How is the geography & political
economy of software production
organised? (Alan, PhD)
How is software discursively
produced & legitimated by vested
interests? (Darach, PhD)
How does software alter the form
& nature of work? (Leighton, PdR)
How does software transform the
spatiality & spatial behaviour of
individuals? (Sung-Yueh, PdR)
Dublin Dashboard (Gavin, PdR)
Data Management
Data Management Framework
Jeff Pitot de La Beaujardière, Data Management Architect at NOAA
https://geo-ide.noaa.gov/wiki/images/9/97/Wksp3-201208_Interagency_NOAA-DM-Architecture_DeLaBeaujardiere.pdf
Transit Data Use Case
Public Transit Conversation
Privatizing public transport from the periphery to the centre?
• Data Sources
•
•
•
Dublin Bus routes considered for privatisation - 23 Dublin Bus & 5 Bus Éireann routes
CSO/AIRO maps at small area & electoral division to examine what public is served
by public transport
Data Sets:
• Population by social class – professional workers, skilled manual labour
• Private Car Ownership
• Deprivation Index
• Analysis
•
• Core – periphery analysis of bus route privatization
• Examine demographics of ‘orbital’ areas served by proposed privatised bus routes
• Effects of frequency of service delivery to different populations
Limitations
•
Absence of route-specific passenger load data
Eoin O’Mahony, Assistant Lecturer SPD/DCU & Omar Sarhan, GIS and data enthusiast
https://irelandafternama.wordpress.com/2015/02/05/privatizing-public-transport-from-the-periphery-to-the-centre/
Transit & Demographic Data
Eoin O’Mahony, Assistant Lecturer SPD/DCU & Omar Sarhan, GIS and data enthusiast
https://irelandafternama.wordpress.com/2015/02/05/privatizing-public-transport-from-the-periphery-to-the-centre/
Transportation Applications
http://www.dublinbus.ie/en/rtpi/sources-of-real-time-information
“In Transit” part of the Cabspotting program run by the Exploratorium, using
data from Yellow Cab and visualisations Stamen
Design - See more at:
http://www.apps4ottawa.ca
http://www.ethanzuckerman.com/blog/2008/12/26/mapping-infrastructure/en/apps/68
and-flow/#sthash.qar3OcMV.dpuf
Homeless Data Use Case
Homelessness
•
Dublin Region Homeless
Executive (DRHE) Research and Data Advisory
Committee (RDAC)
• Housing Agency
• DRHE
• Public Health
• Focus Ireland
• School of Social work and
•
•
•
Social Policy TCD
Programmable City, NUIM
School of Business, TCD
HSE
Network of Decision makers
• Homelessness Oversight
Committee
• National Homeless Consultative
Committee
• Dublin Joint Homelessness
Consultative Forum
• 2016 Census Advisory Committee
• Department of the Environment,
Community and Local
Government
• Local Authorities/HSE
• Charitable organizations
• Housing and service providers
...more
Data collection
http://www.homelessdublin.ie/pass
http://www.dublincity.ie/official-street-count-figures-roughsleeping-winter-2014-across-dublin-region
http://www.cso.ie/en/census/census2011reports/ho
melesspersonsinirelandaspecialcensus2011report/
Data dissemination
http://www.environ.ie/en/DevelopmentHousing/Housing/SpecialNeeds/HomelessPeople/
http://www.environ.ie/en/DevelopmentHousing/Housing/SpecialNeeds/HomelessPeople/
Atlas of the Risk of Homelessness
“https://gcrc.carleton.ca/confluence/display/GCRCWEB/Pilot+Atlas+of+the+Risk+of+Homelessness
Risk of Homelessness
Indicators Across Time
Aging Social Housing Stock by
Neighbourhood: Toronto
Municipal Data Collection Tool
All-Island Research Observatory
All-Island Research Observatory
• Spatial data portal and consultancy specializing in
•
•
evidence-based planning
Been operating since 2005 (initially as CBRRO)
Interactive mapping & graphing modules both North/South
AIRO – data, maps, services
Dublin Dashboard
Partnership & Funding
•
•
•
Developed (Start 2013):
• The Programmable City project
• All-Island Research Observatory (AIRO)
Partnership:
• Dublin City Council
Funded:
• European Research Council
• Science Foundation Ireland
• 2 years of funding (spread over 3 years)
The Dublin Dashboard includes:
• real-time information
• time-series indicator data
• & interactive maps about all aspects of
the city
Benefits:
• detailed, up to date intelligence about
the city that aids everyday decision
making and fosters evidence-informed
analysis.
Freely available data sources:
• Dublin City Council
• Dublinked
• Central Statistics Office
• Eurostat
• government departments
• links to a variety of existing
applications
Produced by:
• The Programmable City project
• All-Island research Observatory (AIRO)
at Maynooth University
working with Dublin City Council
•
Funded by :
• the European Research Council (ERC)
• Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)
Why produce a Dublin Dashboard?
•
To answer the following questions:
• How well is Dublin performing?
• What’s happening in the city right now?
• Where are the nearest facilities to me?
• What are the patterns of population, employment,
•
•
•
crime, housing, etc in the city?
What are the future development plans?
How do I report issues about the city?
How can I freely access data about the city?
Logic & principles
•
•
•
•
•
•
Provides practical, useful, accessible city intelligence to public,
government and companies to aid everyday decision making,
evidence-informed debate, and policy formulation
Pull together data about all aspects of the city – including realtime info - from as many sources as possible (e.g., DCC,
Dublinked, CSO, Eurostat, govt depts)
Select data that are:
• systematic and continuous in operation and coverage
• timely and traceable over time
Data displayed through an analytical dashboard that uses
interactive data visualisations that require no a priori knowledge
to use
Produced as a platform that leverages existing resources and
encourages new app development.
The data are open for others to use and re-work.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
How’s Dublin Doing?
• Dublin Indicators and benchmarking
tools
Dublin Real-Time
• Real-time data from sensors across
Dublin
Dublin Mapped
• Detailed Census maps for 2006 &
2011 Census, crime, live register
Dublin Planning
• Zoning and planning permissions
Dublin Near To Me
• Maps of location and nearness to
public services, area profiles
Dublin Housing
• Maps of housing, house prices and
commuting patterns
Dublin Reporting
• FixMyStreet, CityWatch, FixMyArea
Dublin Data Stores
• Access to all data used in the
dashboard
Dublin Social (in progress)
• Maps of social media activity
Dublin Modelled (in progress)
• Modelling and scenario tools
Dublin Apps (in progress)
• Directory of apps relevant to Dublin
Have Your Say (in progress)
• Feedback from users
Next steps
• The Dashboard is extensive, but far from finished
• It is an on-going project and we are working on:
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•
•
adding more real-time data
extending indicator/benchmarking data and mapping modules
opening up more datasets and encouraging new data
generation, more geo-referencing of data, and better ways to
share data (APIs, machine-readable)
adding new modules: city snapshot, social media, modelling
(needs investment), links to city apps
translating for mobile platforms (e.g. tablet/smartphone
apps)
encouraging others to leverage data and add new apps
We’re interested in working with any interested parties
to help develop Dashboard further or to implement it for
different places
"Great cities embrace the data ... they are not defensive
about it ... they improve" Louisville Mayor, Greg Fischer
www.dublindashboard.ie
https://www.maynoothuniversity.ie/progcity
@ProgCity
Acknowledgements
Programmable City project research is funded by a European Research Council Advanced Investigator award
(ERC-2012-AdG-323636-SOFTCITY).