Unit 8 Time off
 I. Lead-in
 II. Language Points
 III. Guided Writing
 IV. Presentation and Exercises
Lead-in
Background Information
Winston Churchill (1874-1965)
 British Prime Minister
during World War II;
 a keen bricklayer,
painter and writer;
 the winner of the Nobel
Prize for Literature in 1953.
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Lead-in
Background Information
Winston Churchill
 His works:
Painting as a Pastime (1948),
A History of the English Speaking
Peoples (1956–1958).
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Lead-in
Background Information
 Churchill’s paintings:
Lead-in
Background Information
Painting as a pastime
 This book tells the benefits
and joys of Churchill’s forty-year hobby.
 Painting joined Churchill’s vocations of
politics, reading, bricklaying and writing.
 Painting outdoors gave him a chance to
pause, observe, reflect, and record his
surroundings in paint.
 Churchill is best known for his impressionist
scenes of landscape.
Sentences Study
Language Points
1. The stronger the will,
the more futile the task.
the more/ less...the more/
less 意思为“越······越······”
翻译：愿望越强烈，与之争论就
越是徒劳。
Sentences Study
Language Points
2. It is no use offering the manual
labourer, tired out with a hard week's
sweat and effort, the chance of
playing a game of football or baseball
on Saturday afternoon.
 It 在句中为形式主语，真正的主语是动名词短语
offering the manual labourer…the
chance (offer 带双宾语)；tired out 是过去
分词短语修饰 the manual labourer.
 翻译：对于卖了一周力气、流了一周汗水的体力
劳动者来说，让他们在星期六下午踢足球或打垒
球是不合适的。
Sentences Study
Language Points
3. As for the unfortunate people who
can command everything they want,
who can gratify every caprice and
lay their hands on almost every
object of desire–for them a new
pleasure, a new excitement is only
an additional satiation. In vain they
rush frantically round from place to
place, trying to escape from
avenging boredom by mere clatter
and motion.
 in vain 一句翻译时要倒装。
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Sentences Study
Language Points
 翻译：
那些能够支配一切、能够肆意妄为、
能够染指一切追求目标的人是 “不
幸的” 。对于他们而言，多一种新
的乐趣、多一种新的刺激只是增加
一分厌腻而已。他们到处乱跑，企
图靠喧闹和骚动来摆脱无聊对他们
的报复，但这么做是徒劳的。
Sentences Study
Language Points
4. The long hours in the office or the
factory bring with them as their
reward, not only the means of
sustenance, but a keen appetite for
pleasure even in its simplest and most
modest forms. But Fortune’s favored
children belong to the second class.
Their life is a natural harmony.
 not only… but… 部分的内容是 bring 的宾
语，即 reward的具体体现。
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Sentences Study
Language Points
 翻译：
他们是能够得到补偿的。在办公室或工
厂里长时间工作给他们带来了报酬，这
不仅是谋生的手段，也使他们对寻找快
乐充满了渴望，哪怕是最简单、最质朴
的快乐。但是，幸运之神偏爱的是第二
类人。他们的生活是一种自然的和谐。
Sentences Study
Language Points
5. Yet to both classes the need of an
alternative outlook, of a change of
atmosphere, of a diversion of effort,
is essential.
 三个 of 在句中都是 the need 的定语，在
翻译时表语 essential 变成定语修饰 need.
 翻译：然而对这两种人来说，换换脑子，改变
一下气氛，转移一下注意力都是不可缺少的。
Words Study
Language Points
1. futile: unsuccessful or useless
Words comparison:
 futile may connote completeness
of failure or unwisdom of
undertaking.
 vain usually implies simple failure
to achieve a desired result.
 fruitless comes close to vain but
often suggests long and arduous
effort or severe disappointment.
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Words Study
Language Points
Examples:
 Resistance had proved so futile
that surrender was the only
choice left.
 a vain attempt to get the car
started
 fruitless efforts to obtain a
lasting peace
Words Study
Language Points
2. trifiling: not very important
Examples:
 I prefer to begin with what looks like
a trifling effort.
 It only cost a trifling sum. 那只花了一
点点钱。
 a trifling matter 鸡毛蒜皮/无足轻重的事
情
Words Study
Language Points
3. compensation:
A. something that changes or
removes the bad result of sth 抵消；
补偿
B. money that someone receives
because sth bad has happened to
them 补偿金， 赔偿金
C. money that someone receives
from the work they do 报酬
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Words Study
Language Points
Examples:
 United Nations Compensation
Commission 联合国赔偿委员会
 employee compensation 职员报酬
 unemployment compensation 失业补偿
金 (AmE)
 variable compensation 可变报酬
 workmen’s compensation 工人伤残赔偿
Words Study
Language Points
4. enforce: vt. make sure that a law or a
rule is obeyed by people
 enforcement n.
Examples:
 The police department enforces the law.
 Don’t enforce your will on the child,
please.
 He enforced high standards.
Words Study
Language Points
5. banish:
A. to get rid of sth. 消灭；去除
B. to officially order someone to leave a
country or region as a punishment 放逐；驱
逐出境
 Usage: banish sb. from/to the country
C. to make someone stop thinking about
sth. or having particular feelings 排除；消除
 Usage: banish sth. from memory
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Words Study
Language Points
Examples:
 be banished from China
被驱逐出中国
 be exiled for life
被终身流放
 deport aliens who slips across our
borders
把偷渡入境的外国人驱逐出境
Words Study
6.
Language Points
at hand: quite close to you and easy
to reach
lay one’s hands on: to manage to
obtain sth
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Words Study
Language Points
Examples:
 prep + hand
 at hand 在手边在附近
 by hand 用手
 with an iron hand in a velvet glove
外柔内刚地;口蜜腹剑地
 with an iron hand 以铁腕
 from hand to mouth 仅能糊口地
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Words Study
Language Points
Examples:
 noun + in hand/in the hand
 hand in hand 手拉手
 cap in hand 恭敬地
 cash-in-hand 当场付清的
 A bird in the hand is worth two in the
bush. 双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。
 a bird in the hand 已到手的东西; 稳操胜券
的事; 惜取眼前福
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Words Study
Language Points
Examples:
verb + hand(s)
bite the hand that feeds one 恩将仇报
play one’s hand 利用有利因素
show/tip one’s hand 摊牌
get one’s hands off
别再烦扰（某人）；别再动（某物）
 have your hands full 忙得不可开交
 join hands 携手联手合伙
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Words Study
Language Points
Examples:
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other phrases
hand down 把······传下去
hand in glove with 狼狈为奸
at second hand 间接得来地
hand over fist (informal) 迅速大量地花钱赚钱
hands off 不许碰；请勿触摸
hand out a punishment / sentence
宣布处决、判决
Words Study
Language Points
7. to death:
A. to an intolerable degree
B. the state of being dead
Examples:
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amusing ourselves to death
love sb. to death
bleed to death
stab sb. to death
be sentenced to death
be put to death
Words Study
Language Points
8. tired out: exhausted
Synonyms:
 bleary, drained, exhausted, fatigued,
rundown, weary, worn-down, worn-out.
 Informal: beat, bushed, tuckered (out).
 Slang: done in, fagged (out), pooped
(out).
 Idioms: all in, ready to drop.
Guided Writing
Think about leisure
activities in China and write
a passage about the most
popular ones.
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Guided Writing
Directions:
 Say what many Chinese people enjoy
doing most in their free time.
It’s undoubtedly true that many Chinese
people enjoy physical exercise, such as...
 Say approximately how often and how
long people spend on their hobbies.
Approximately fifty per cent of Chinese
spend about half an hour a day...
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Guided Writing
Directions:
 Say what you probably think are the next most
popular activities.
The next most popular activities probably include...
 Say how often people find time for their hobbies.
Most people work long hours, but they usually find
time...
 Say what you may need or must have for the most
popular hobbies.
You must...to get the most from
the physical and mental exercise.
Presentation and Exercises
Prepare a website for leisure
activities (See P112 for details)