8_Lecture_Spatial_Da..
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GIS Tutorial 1 Lecture 8 Spatial Data Processing Outline Attribute extraction Feature location extraction Location proximities Geoprocessing tools Model builder GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 2 Lecture 8 ATTRIBUTE EXTRACTION GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 3 Attribute query extraction You have tracts for an entire state, but want tracts for one county only GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 4 Attribute query extraction Select tracts by County FIPS ID Cook County = 031 GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 5 Attribute query extraction Cook County tracts selected Export to new feature class or shapefile GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 6 Export selected features Right-click to export selected features GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 7 Add new layer Cook County tracts GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 8 Lecture 8 FEATURE LOCATION EXTRACTION GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 9 Select by location Powerful function unique to GIS Identify spatial relationships between layers Finds features that are within another layer GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 10 Select by location Have Cook County census tracts but want City of Chicago only Can’t use Select By Attributes No attribute for Chicago Use “Municipality” layer City Chicago is a municipality within Cook County GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 11 Select by location Select “Chicago” from municipalities layer GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 12 Select by location Selection, Select By location Use selected features GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook (1 feature selected) 13 Select by location Selection, Select By location GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 14 Export selected features GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 15 Lecture 8 LOCATION PROXIMITIES GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 16 Points near polygons Health officials want to know polluting companies near water features GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 17 Points near points School officials want to know what schools are near polluting companies GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 18 Polygons intersecting lines Transportation planner wants to know what neighborhoods are affected by construction project on major highway GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 19 Lines intersecting polygons Public works official wants to know what streets or sidewalks will be affected by potential floods GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 20 Polygons completely within polygons City planners want to know what buildings are completely within a zoning area. GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 21 Lecture 8 GEOPROCESSING TOOLS GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 22 Geoprocessing overview GIS operations to manipulate data Typically take input data sets, manipulate, and produce output data sets Often use multiple data sets GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 23 Common geoprocessing tools Analysis Extract – Clip Overlay – intersect and union Data management Generalization - dissolve General Append Merge GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 24 Accessing tools Geoprocessing menu GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 25 Accessing tools ArcToolbox GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 26 Accessing tools Search window GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 27 Clip Acts like a “cookie cutter” to create a subset of features Input features (streets) GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook Clip features (Central Business District) Output features (CBD streets) 28 Clip GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 29 Clip vs select by location Clip Clean edges Looks good Select by location Dangling edges Better for geocoding GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 30 Dissolve Combines adjacent polygons to create new, larger polygons Uses common field value to remove interior lines within each polygon, forming the new polygons Aggregate (sums) data while dissolving GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 31 Dissolve Create regions using U.S. states Use SUB_REGION field to dissolve Sum population GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 32 Dissolve GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 33 Dissolve results States dissolved to form regions Population summed for each region GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 34 Append Appends one or more data sets into an existing data set Features must be of the same type Input datasets may overlap one another and/or the target dataset TEST option: field definitions of the feature classes must be the same and in the same order for all appended features NO TEST option: Input features schemas do not have to match the target feature classes's schema GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 35 Append DuPage and Cook County are combining public works and need a new single street centerline file. GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 36 Append Append will add DuPage streets to Cook County streets GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 37 Resultant layer One street layer (Cook County) with all records and field items GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 38 Merge Combines multiple input datasets of the same data type into a single, new output dataset Illinois campaign manager needs a single voting district map but wants to preserve the original layers GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 39 Merge GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 40 Resultant layer New voting district layer GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 41 Union Overlays two polygon layers Resulting output layer has combined attribute data of the two inputs Contains all the polygons from the inputs, whether or not they overlap GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 42 Union Neighborhoods and ZIP Codes GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 43 Union GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 44 Union Better describes characteristics of a neighborhood. Central business district 15222 vs 15219 GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 45 Union Attributes tables contain different fields and data GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 46 Union results New polygons with combined data GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 47 Intersect Computes a geometric intersection of the Input Features Features (or portions of features which overlap in all layers and/or feature classes) will be written to the Output Feature Class Inputs can have different geometry types GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 48 Intersect City manager needs to know what buildings intersect flood zones and wants the flood data attached to each intersecting building GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 49 Intersect GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 50 Intersect result Only building polygons that intersect flood zones with combined data fields GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 51 Lecture 8 MODEL BUILDER GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 52 Model builder overview Workflow processes can be complicated Models automate and string functions together Example You have census tracts for a county and want to create neighborhoods for a city Many steps are needed to create neighborhoods (join, dissolve, etc) GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 53 Starting map TIGER census tracts and municipalities GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 54 Final map Tracts dissolved to create neighborhoods GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 55 Crosswalk table Neighborhood names are not included with the census tracts, so a crosswalk table was created with the name of neighborhood for each census tract Some neighborhoods are made of multiple tracts GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 56 Set geoprocessing options Geoprocessing, geoprocessing options GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 57 Create a new toolbox Catalog GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 58 Create a new model Right-click new Toolbox GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 59 Add tool to model Add Join Tool To join crosswalk table to tracts… GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 60 Set parameter for Join Tool Joins crosswalk table to census tracts GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 61 Model steps Add Join Dissolve Remove join GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 62 Finished model GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 63 Summary Attribute extraction Feature location extraction Location proximities Geoprocessing tools Model builder GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 64
