Transaction Processing Systems, & Management Information Systems Outline Transaction Processing System (TPS) Management Information System (MIS) Data model/diagram (see next class Tutorial) Database (relational database concepts) Database Management System (DBMS) Structured Query Language TPS & MIS Information Systems for Management Transaction Processing System (TPS) TPS is a type of IS that manages data created in everyday operations. This includes storing, formatting, processing, retrieving, and creating some new aggregate data. Examples: purchasing transactions, sales orders, sales transactions, payroll, employee data, inventory Records daily, routine activities Serves supervisory level of management TPS & MIS Information Systems for Management 1 of 8 Management Information Systems (MIS) IS that generates reports on transpired business operations for mid-level management. Also called administrative system (used for “administration”) or reporting system (main function). Uses outputs from TPS Reports are scheduled (routine) or exception reports Focused on internal events in an organization Serves mid-level management level Paper TPS TPS & MIS Query & Report Module Reports Information Systems for Management Computer Screen 2 of 8 Database Both TPS and MIS build on databases and associated DBMS.* Practically: database=TPS, query+reports atop database=MIS Database is a collection of data that are formatted in a certain way (e.g., in tables). Example: Database in systems for: student registration, course records, parking reservation, dorms management, etc. * DBMS = Database Management System, software for making database, queries and reports (see later). Information Systems for Management 3 of 8 Relational* Database Most used type of database today Data (text, numbers, currency, time) are formatted into tables (technically called “relations”, hence the term “relational”) Table = Collection of columns and rows. Concepts: Column = Attribute (e.g., customer number) Row = Set of attributes (customer number + name + …) Each row identified by an attribute that must have a unique value in each row key attribute (primary key, key) TPS & MIS Information Systems for Management 4 of 8 Relational Database – Primary Key & Foreign Key Primary Key (Key) is the attribute that uniquely identifies each row in a table. Foreign Key is the attribute that is the key in another table. Tables linked via keys & foreign keys TPS & MIS Information Systems for Management 5 of 8 Database Management System (DBMS) Software for creating database, storing, retrieving and overall management of data (e.g., Microsoft Access)* Input forms Reports Database TPS or MIS (when Reports included) DBMS DBMS Components (some): Search engine – runs SQL queries against a database Report writer – usually uses queries to create reports for users Data dictionary - defines each data attribute (storage, text/numeric or other data type) Access management (who accesses what data) Security functions (recovery after system crash) TPS & MIS Information Systems for Management 6 of 8 Structured Query Language (SQL) Syntax and rules (commands) for searching relational databases. Can also be used for entering and changing data, and other tasks. Easier to learn than programming languages SQL Query: Select lists desired columns from desired table(s) From identifies tables from which to select columns Where conditions for search are TPS & MIS Information Systems for Management 7 of 8 Retrieve (Search) Data with SQL SELECT Part.Part_Name, Supplier.Supplier_Name, Supplier.Supplier_Address FROM Part, Supplier WHERE Part.Supplier_Number=Supplier.Supplier_Number AND Part_Number=137 OR Part_Number=152 (*) Output: A list with names of parts tracked under numbers 137 and 152 (keys), along with supplier names and addresses Data is stored in tables Part and Supplier, which are linked via the Supplier_Number (key in Supplier table, and foreign key in Part table) • Access provides a facility for easy search without writing SQL. TPS & MIS Information Systems for Management 8 of 8