Lec6Handout - Rutgers University
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Digital Media Production
Digital Media
Production
Anselm Spoerri PhD (MIT)
SC&I @ Rutgers University
aspoerri@rutgers.edu
anselm.spoerri@gmail.com
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Lecture 6 - Overview
Web Design (HTML5, CSS3)
– HTML5 Key New Features
– CSS3 Key New Features
Storyboarding
–
Videos | Readings | Resources
Exercise 3 – What to Do
Video Editing Principles
– Short Movie Example
– Basic Film / Video Editing
– Compress Time
– Create Illusion of Continuity
– Create Illusion of Cause & Effect
Lectures – Week 6 Content
http://comminfo.rutgers.edu/~aspoerri/Teaching/DMPOnline/Lectures.html#week6
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
HTML5 – Intro
Why HTML5?
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Reduce the need for external plugins (like Flash)
Better error handling
More markup to replace scripting
HTML5 should be device independent
Based on HTML, CSS, DOM, and JavaScript
What is HTML5
‒
HTML5 specification – http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/
‒ Officially Working Draft
| “living standard”
Browser Support for HTML5
– HTML5 not yet official standard, no browser provides full HTML5 support.
– But all major browsers continue to add support for new HTML5 features.
– Understanding & implementing features is what matters.
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
HTML5 – New Capabilities
http://www.w3schools.com/html5/default.asp
Video specifies standard way to embed video (no plug-in)
Audio specifies standard way to embed audio (no plug-in)
Drag and Drop any element can be draggable
what to drag | where to drop | do the drop
Canvas used to draw graphics, on the fly, on web page
SVG supported Scalable Vector Graphics to draw shapes
Geolocation can determine user's position with permission
Web Storage better local storage within browser than cookies
Web Workers JavaScript runs in background without
affecting page performance
Server-Sent Events page gets automatic updates from server
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
HTML5 – DOCTYPE | charset | lang | CSS & JavaScript links
‒ HTML5 DOCTYPE: <!DOCTYPE html>
‒ not case sensitive | version dropped
‒ all browsers recognize shortened DOCTYPE & render in strict mode
and deprecated elements will not work
‒ Specify Character Set: <meta charset="UTF-8" />
‒ Specify Language: <html lang="en">
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><meta charset="utf-8" />
‒ Script and Link Declarations: type attribute optional
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css" />
<script src="scripts.js"></script>
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
HTML5 – New Elements
New Media Elements
<audio>
<video>
<source>
<embed>
<track>
sound content
video or movie
multiple media resources for <video> and <audio>
container for external application or interactive content (a plug-in)
text tracks for <video> and <audio>
New Form Elements
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New form controls, like calendar, date, time, email, url, search
New Semantic / Structural Elements
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header, nav, aside, section, article and footer
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Focus on your content and consider semantics of each element
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Use div if you need containing element strictly for style purposes
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Some older browsers treat new elements like inline elements
header, footer, nav, article, aside, section { display: block; }
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
HTML5 – New Semantic / Structural Elements
‒ header element
‒ Used to contain headline(s) for a page and/or section.
‒ Can contain logos and navigational aids.
‒ nav element
‒ Contains major navigation links.
‒ Often contained by header.
‒ aside element
‒ Contains related information, such as sidebar or pull-quotes.
‒ section element
‒ Contains content that is related or grouped thematically.
‒ Only if its content has own self-contained outline (h1,… h6).
‒ Do not use simply for styling purposes – use divs and spans instead.
‒ article element
‒ Stand-alone content such as a blog entry.
‒ footer element
‒ Contains information about a page and/or section.
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
HTML5 – Element Flowchart
http://html5doctor.com/happy-1st-birthday-us/#flowchart
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
CSS3 – Intro
http://www.w3schools.com/css3/default.asp
CSS3 backwards compatible, don’t have to change existing designs.
Borders Rounded, add shadow and use image as border.
Backgrounds new background properties and greater control.
Text Effects new features such as text-shadow or word-wrap.
Fonts can use font you like by including font file on server.
2D Transforms move, scale, turn, spin and stretch elements.
3D Transforms format elements using 3D transforms.
Transitions add effect when changing from one style to another, such
as on mouseover or mouseout events.
Animations specify CSS style inside @keyframes rule and animation
will gradually change from the current style to the new style.
Multiple Columns can create multiple columns for laying out text.
User Interface user can resize elements and other features supported.
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Storyboarding
Videos
AFI’s Storyboarding Guide
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pWPjjoOFIu8
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Help you visualize what you want to see in your video or film
Show what the camera is looking at a specific moment
Taxonomy of Shots: Long | Medium | Close-up | Point of View …
Sequence of Camera Shots to Capture Essence of Idea
Vimeo Storyboarding Basics
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http://vimeo.com/videoschool/lesson/4/storyboarding-basics
How To Make a Storyboard
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=65_3bq_0eSY
Readings
Knight Digital Media Center: Storyboarding
Story Cookbook: Storyboarding
AFI’s Screen Shot Reference
Resources
website | video
video
video
http://filmmakeriq.com/2010/10/500-storyboard-tutorials-resources/
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Exercise 3 – Develop Website with Storyboard for Video
Create Storyboard
for video to be created in Ex4
– Tools to Use to Create Storyboard Frames / Panels
– Digital Drawing Tool
– Word Text Processing: use Drawing Tool
– Use Jing screen capture tool to create digital image
– Paper & Pencil – Scan or Create Digital Photo
Website
– Page Layout uses DIVs and is controlled by External CSS file
– Overview Page: Sidebar floating to right
– Storyboard Page
– Each Frame = DIV that contains Image, Type of Shot, Topic
– margin = 10px | black border | padding = 10px
Exercise 3
http://comminfo.rutgers.edu/~aspoerri/Teaching/DMPOnline/Exercises.html#Ex3
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Video Editing Principles
Video Editing Principles
‒ Short Movie Example
‒ Meaning – Basic Film Editing
‒ Compress Time
‒ Create Illusion of Continuity
‒ Create Illusion of Cause & Effect
‒ Parallel Editing
‒ Motivate Cuts
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Film Editing – Tools & Devices
Illusion of Motion
Continuity of Direction of Motion & Speed
Total > Medium > Close-up Shot
Continuity of Location of Focus
Continuity of Line of Sight
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Hi – I am in a rush
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Illusion of Motion
Digital Media Production
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Illusion of Motion
Digital Media Production
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Motion Out of Frame
Digital Media Production
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Where Does Boy Reappear? His Direction of Motion?
?
Digital Media Production
?
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Direction of Motion Continuity
Digital Media Production
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Need to Maintain Speed Continuity
Digital Media Production
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Illusion of Motion
Digital Media Production
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Illusion of Motion
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Total Shot
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Medium Shot
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Close-up Shot
Digital Media Production
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Total > Medium > Close-up Spatial Alignment
Digital Media Production
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Total Shot
Digital Media Production
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Medium Shot with Poor Spatial Continuity
Digital Media Production
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Close-up with Poor Spatial Continuity - Jumpy
Digital Media Production
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Current Location of Focus
Digital Media Production
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Maintain Location of Focus
Digital Media Production
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Continuity of Location of Focus
Digital Media Production
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Line of Sight between Protagonists
Digital Media Production
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Angle of Line of Sight Continuity
Digital Media Production
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Camera on Same Side of Line of Sight
Digital Media Production
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Do not Cross Line of Sight
Digital Media Production
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Establishing Line of Sight
Digital Media Production
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Crossing Line of Sight – Seesaw
Digital Media Production
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Maintaining Angle and Line of Sight
Digital Media Production
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Camera Again on Same Side of Line of Sight
Digital Media Production
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Film Editing – Tools & Devices
(cont.)
Frame Grid
Action Reaction
Cut-Away & Audio L-cut
Establishing Subjective POV
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
The Frame Grid
Digital Media Production
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Action
Digital Media Production
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Reaction
Digital Media Production
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Action or Cut-Away
Digital Media Production
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Reaction or Jump in Time (Audio L-cut)
Digital Media Production
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Stop The “Argument”
Digital Media Production
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Direction and Angle of Gaze
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Subjective Point of View
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Film Editing - Create Illusion of Continuity
Compress Time by Selecting "Highlights"
Viewer Fills In
"Real time" = "Screen time"
Maintain Continuity for:
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Location of Focus
Motion & Speed
Line of Sight
Theme: similarity in subject & background in terms of shapes,
color, texture, motion
Leverage Conventions & Viewer
Expectations
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Create Illusion of Cause & Effect
Sequence Shots
Use Continuity Principles
Viewers Create Relationships that Do Not
Exit in Reality
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Close-up of Face
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Subjective Point of View
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Effect
Digital Media Production
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Cause?
Digital Media Production
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Effect!
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Parallel Editing
Cut Back and Forth between Different
Storylines
Creates Illusion of Events Happening at
the Same Time
Enhances Anticipation or Anxiety
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Two Protagonists
Digital Media Production
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In Discussion
Digital Media Production
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Boy
Digital Media Production
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Rushing Home
Digital Media Production
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Action
Digital Media Production
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Reaction
Digital Media Production
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Really …
Digital Media Production
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Action
Digital Media Production
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Reaction
Digital Media Production
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Really Rushing
Digital Media Production
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Resolution …
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Short Movie Example
NIKE AD slow
– Click on
http://www.scils.rutgers.edu/~aspoerri/Teaching/MPOnline/Video/
Please click on “nikeadslow.wmv” link to play video (it may
take a while)
– Analyze happens to the focus of attention and which
continuity principles are employed.
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Summary – Basic Film Editing
Compress Time
Create Illusion of Continuity
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Location of Focus
Motion & Speed
Line of Sight
Theme: similarity in subject & background in terms of shapes,
color, texture, motion
Create Illusion of Cause & Effect
Parallel Editing
Motivate Cuts
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Any Edit Has Potential of Breaking Illusion of Continuity
Use or Break Conventions & Viewer Expectations
Use Cuts to Create Rhythm
Maintain or Break Continuity As Storyline Requires
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Summary – Basic Editing Principles
Continuity of Direction of Motion & Speed
Total > Medium > Close-up Shot
Continuity of Location of Focus
Continuity of Line of Sight
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
Summary - Create Illusion of Continuity
Compress Time by Selecting "Highlights"
Viewer Fills In
"Real time" = "Screen time"
Maintain Continuity for:
–
–
–
–
Motion & Speed
Location of Focus
Line of Sight
Theme: similarity in subject & background in terms of shapes,
color, texture, motion
Leverage Conventions & Viewer Expectations
Digital Media Production
© Anselm Spoerri
